mysql运维与分析--启动 停止 重启

1、查看mysql版本
方法一：status;
方法二：select version();

2、Mysql启动、停止、重启常用命令
a、启动方式
1、使用 service 启动：
[root@localhost /]# service mysqld start (5.0版本是mysqld)
[root@szxdb etc]# service mysql start (5.5.7版本是mysql)

2、使用 mysqld 脚本启动：
/etc/inint.d/mysqld start

3、使用 safe_mysqld 启动：
safe_mysqld&

b、停止
1、使用 service 启动：
service mysqld stop

2、使用 mysqld 脚本启动：
/etc/inint.d/mysqld stop

3、mysqladmin shutdown

c、重启
1、使用 service 启动：
service mysqld restart 
service mysql restart (5.5.7版本命令)

2、使用 mysqld 脚本启动：
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

service mysqld stop
Absolute path to 'service' is '/sbin/service', so it might be intended to be run only by user with superuser privileges (eg. root).
-bash: service: command not found

只有管理员才能使用service命令

mysqladmin shutdown
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)'
Check that mysqld is running and that the socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock' exists!

没有sock文件

mysqladmin shutdown -S"/etc/mysock/ad2.sock"
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'ad2'@'localhost' (using password: NO)'

默认使用的linux终端用户没有权限本地访问数据库。

查一下mysql.user表，也没有这个终端用户。

mysqladmin shutdown -S"/etc/mysock/ad2.sock" -u my_dba
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'my_dba'@'localhost' (using password: NO)'

没有使用密码，无法操作

mysqladmin shutdown -S"/etc/mysock/ad2.sock" -u my_dba -p

Enter password: 
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'my_dba'@'localhost' (using password: YES)'

虽然手动输入了密码，但是密码不正确。

输入正确密码，一切OK。

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/msock/ad.sock  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --ledir=/usr/local/mysql/bin  --mysqld=mysqld


161222 16:33:34 mysqld_safe The file /home/build/bin/mysqld
does not exist or is not executable. Please cd to the mysql installation




mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/mysock/ad.sock  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql 
依旧报相同的错误


mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/mysock/ad.sock  --ledir=/usr/local/mysql/bin  
161222 17:01:58 mysqld_safe Logging to '/test/cu_ipsad/data/cu_ipsad/duizhang_phy.err'.
161222 17:01:58 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /test/cu_ipsad/data/cu_ipsad
161222 17:02:03 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /test/cu_ipsad/data/cu_ipsad/duizhang_phy.pid ended
没有成功


mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/msock/ad.sock  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --ledir=/usr/local/mysql/bin 
成功
说明必须包含basedir和ledir选项


增加后台启动
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/mysock/ad.sock  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --ledir=/usr/local/mysql/bin &
成功


mysqladmin shutdown -S'/etc/mysock/ad.sock' -u my_dba -p
成功


mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/myconf/ad.cnf --socket=/etc/mysock/ad.sock  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql  --ledir=/usr/local/mysql/bin >/dev/null 2>&1 &
成功


mysqladmin shutdown -S'/etc/mysock/ad.sock' -u my_dba -p




查看选项mysqld_safe 

mysqld_safe --help
Usage: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe [OPTIONS]
  --no-defaults              Don't read the system defaults file
  --defaults-file=FILE       Use the specified defaults file
  --defaults-extra-file=FILE Also use defaults from the specified file
  --ledir=DIRECTORY          Look for mysqld in the specified directory
  --open-files-limit=LIMIT   Limit the number of open files
  --core-file-size=LIMIT     Limit core files to the specified size
  --timezone=TZ              Set the system timezone
  --malloc-lib=LIB           Preload shared library LIB if available
  --mysqld=FILE              Use the specified file as mysqld
  --mysqld-version=VERSION   Use "mysqld-VERSION" as mysqld
  --nice=NICE                Set the scheduling priority of mysqld
  --plugin-dir=DIR           Plugins are under DIR or DIR/VERSION, if
                             VERSION is given
  --skip-kill-mysqld         Don't try to kill stray mysqld processes
  --syslog                   Log messages to syslog with 'logger'
  --skip-syslog              Log messages to error log (default)
  --syslog-tag=TAG           Pass -t "mysqld-TAG" to 'logger'


All other options are passed to the mysqld program.