Android - 实训项目总结

Android1.简介1.1项目简介    Coolweather是一款基于Android的天气查询软件,实现了省市县的遍历、县级地区天气的查询、手动更新天气、8小时的自动更新天气信息;1.2项目责任    xx:测试代码的编写实现    xx:软件调式修改    xx:项目框架和文档编写1.3项目内容    项目结构:-com.example.app--activity---ChooseAreaActivity---WeatherActivity--db---CoolWeatherOpenHelper---CoolWeatherDB--model---Province---City---County--receiver---AutoUpdateReceiver--service---AutoUpdateService--util---HttpUtil---HttpCallbackListenerPS:activity 包用于存放所有活动相关的代码，---ChooseAreaActivity 遍历省市县数据---WeatherActivity 显示天气活动db 包用于存放所有数据库相关的代码，---CoolWeatherOpenHelper 数据库辅助类,创建一个数据库+三张表---CoolWeatherDB 数据库数据操作封装类model 包用于存放所有模型相关的代码，---Province 省实体类---City 市实体类---County 县实体类receiver 包用于存放所有广播接收器相关的代码，---AutoUpdateReceiver 自动更新天气service 包用于存放所有服务相关的代码，---AutoUpdateService 手动更新天气util 包用于存放所有工具相关的代码---HttpUtil---HttpCallbackListener 与服务器的交互类2.核心代码// db->CoolWeatherDB->saveCity(...)// 将City实例存储到数据库public void saveCity(City city) {    if (city != null) {        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();        values.put("city_name", city.getCityName());        values.put("city_code", city.getCityCode());        values.put("province_id", city.getProvinceId());        db.insert("City", null, values);    }}// db->CoolWeatherDB->loadCities(...)// 读取某省内所有城市数据public List<City> loadCities(int provinceId) {    List<City> list = new ArrayList<City>();    Cursor cursor = db.query("City", null, "province_id = ?",new String[] { String.valueOf(provinceId) }, null, null, null);    if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {        do {            City city = new City();            city.setId(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("id")));            city.setCityName(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("city_name")));            city.setCityCode(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("city_code")));            city.setProvinceId(provinceId);            list.add(city);        } while (cursor.moveToNext());    }    return list;}// util->HttpUtil->sendHttpRequest(...)// 发送HTTP请求到服务器,获取返回的结果public static void sendHttpRequest(final String address,final HttpCallbackListener listener) {        new Thread(new Runnable() {            @Override            public void run() {                HttpURLConnection connection = null;                try {                    URL url = new URL(address);                    connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();                    connection.setRequestMethod("GET");                    connection.setConnectTimeout(8000);                    connection.setReadTimeout(8000);                    InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();                    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new                    InputStreamReader(in));                    StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();                    String line;                    while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {                        response.append(line);                    }                    if (listener != null) {                        // 回调onFinish()方法                        listener.onFinish(response.toString());                    }                } catch (Exception e) {                    if (listener != null) {                    // 回调onError()方法                    listener.onError(e);                }                } finally {                    if (connection != null) {                        connection.disconnect();                    }                }            }        }).start();    }// util->HttpUtil->handleCitiesResponse(...)// 解析http请求返回的数据(省市县)public static boolean handleCitiesResponse(CoolWeatherDB coolWeatherDB,String response, int provinceId) {        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(response)) {            //按逗号分隔            String[] allCities = response.split(",");            if (allCities != null && allCities.length > 0) {                for (String c : allCities) {                    //按单竖线分隔                    String[] array = c.split("\\|");                    City city = new City();                    city.setCityCode(array[0]);                    city.setCityName(array[1]);                    city.setProvinceId(provinceId);                    // 将解析出来的数据存储到City表                    coolWeatherDB.saveCity(city);                }                return true;            }        }        return false;    }// util->HttpUtil->handleWeatherResponse(...)// 解析http请求返回的天气数据public static void handleWeatherResponse(Context context, String response) {        try {            String temp = new String(response.getBytes(), "utf-8");// 将数据以utf-8的编码方式获取出来            JSONObject dataOfJson = new JSONObject(temp);            JSONArray heWeatherArray = dataOfJson.getJSONArray("HeWeather data service 3.0");            JSONObject heWeatherArray0 = heWeatherArray.getJSONObject(0);            JSONObject basic = heWeatherArray0.getJSONObject("basic");            String cityName = basic.getString("city");            String weatherCode0 = basic.getString("id");            String weatherCode = weatherCode0.substring(2, 11);            JSONObject updateJson = basic.getJSONObject("update");            String publishTime0 = updateJson.getString("loc");            String publishTime = publishTime0.substring(11, 16);            JSONArray daily_forecast = heWeatherArray0.getJSONArray("daily_forecast");            JSONObject daily_forecast0 = daily_forecast.getJSONObject(0);            JSONObject cond = daily_forecast0.getJSONObject("cond");            String txt_d = cond.getString("txt_d");            String txt_n = cond.getString("txt_n");            String weatherDiscribe;            if (txt_d.equals(txt_n)) {                weatherDiscribe = txt_d;            } else {                weatherDiscribe = txt_d + "转" + txt_n;            }            JSONObject tmp = daily_forecast0.getJSONObject("tmp");            String temp10 = tmp.getString("min");            String temp1 = temp10 + "℃";            String temp20 = tmp.getString("max");            String temp2 = temp20 + "℃";            Log.d("Utility", cityName + weatherCode + temp1 + temp2+ weatherDiscribe + publishTime);            saveWeatherInfo(context, cityName, weatherCode, temp1, temp2,weatherDiscribe, publishTime);        } catch (JSONException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }// activity->ChooseAreaActivity->queryCities()// 查询选中市内所有的县，优先从数据库查询，如果没有查询到再去服务器上查询    private void queryCities() {        cityList = coolWeatherDB.loadCities(selectedProvince.getId());        if (cityList.size() > 0) {            dataList.clear();            for (City city : cityList) {                dataList.add(city.getCityName());            }            adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();            listView.setSelection(0);            titleText.setText(selectedProvince.getProvinceName());            currentLevel = LEVEL_CITY;        } else {            queryFromServer(selectedProvince.getProvinceCode(), "city");        }    }// activity->ChooseAreaActivity->queryFromServer(...)// 去服务器上查询private void queryFromServer(final String code, final String type) {        String address;        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(code)) {            address = "http://www.weather.com.cn/data/list3/city" + code +".xml";        } else {            address = "http://www.weather.com.cn/data/list3/city.xml";        }        showProgressDialog();        HttpUtil.sendHttpRequest(address, new HttpCallbackListener() {            @Override            public void onFinish(String response) {                boolean result = false;                if ("province".equals(type)) {                    result = Utility.handleProvincesResponse(coolWeatherDB,response);                } else if ("city".equals(type)) {                    result = Utility.handleCitiesResponse(coolWeatherDB,response, selectedProvince.getId());                } else if ("county".equals(type)) {                    result = Utility.handleCountiesResponse(coolWeatherDB,response, selectedCity.getId());                }                if (result) {                    // 通过runOnUiThread()方法回到主线程处理逻辑                    runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                        @Override                        public void run() {                            closeProgressDialog();                            if ("province".equals(type)) {                                queryProvinces();                            } else if ("city".equals(type)) {                                queryCities();                            } else if ("county".equals(type)) {                                queryCounties();                            }                        }                    });                }            }            @Override            public void onError(Exception e) {                // 通过runOnUiThread()方法回到主线程处理逻辑                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                @Override                public void run() {                    closeProgressDialog();                    Toast.makeText(ChooseAreaActivity.this,"加载失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                }                });            }        });    }// activity->WeatherActivity>queryWeatherInfo(...)// 根据天气代号查询天气信息private void queryWeatherInfo(String weatherCode) {    String address = "http://api.heweather.com/x3/weather?cityid=CN"+ weatherCode + "&key=3e9f4017110547f2b74237fdc7152f38";    queryFromServer(address, "weatherCode");}// Service->AutoUpdateService>onStartCommand(...)// 更新天气public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {    new Thread(new Runnable() {        @Override        public void run() {            updateWeather();        }    }).start();    AlarmManager manager = (AlarmManager) getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);    int anHour = 8 * 60 * 60 * 1000; // 这是8小时的毫秒数    long triggerAtTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() + anHour;    Intent i = new Intent(this, AutoUpdateReceiver.class);    PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, i, 0);    manager.set(AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME_WAKEUP, triggerAtTime, pi);    return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);}// Service->AutoUpdateService>updateWeather(...)// 更新天气SharedPreferences prefs = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);String weatherCode = prefs.getString("weather_code", "");String address = "http://api.heweather.com/x3/weather?cityid=CN"+ weatherCode + "&key=3e9f4017110547f2b74237fdc7152f38";HttpUtil.sendHttpRequest(address, new HttpCallbackListener() {........}// Receiver>AutoUpdateReceiver// 自动更新天气public class AutoUpdateReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {        Intent i = new Intent(context, AutoUpdateService.class);        context.startService(i);    }}//定时处理AlarmManager manager = (AlarmManager) getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);int anHour = 8 * 60 * 60 * 1000; // 这是8小时的毫秒数long triggerAtTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() + anHour;Intent i = new Intent(this, AutoUpdateReceiver.class);PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, i, 0);manager.set(AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME_WAKEUP, triggerAtTime, pi);return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);3.项目总结    实习期间，做了一个Android小项目;虽然已经学了很久，但是真到自己动手的时候会发现遇到了各种问题;    首先,讲述一下从中获得了什么?    (1)CoolWeather这款软件主要利用了HttpURLConnection完成HTTP请求,进行对返回数据的XML解析、JSON解析;    (2)运用了数据库SQLiteDateBase进行省市县数据的存储以及操作,    (3)运用SharedPreferences,进行实时天气信息的存储    (4)Service 服务的后台运行    (5)Receiver 广播接收器的定时处理    其次,简单讲述一下遇到的问题    (1)广播接收器运用时，onReceive()总是崩溃 - 忘记注册(已解决)    (2)UI界面更新会出现ANR错误 - 延时处理的操作没有在子线程完成(已解决)    (3)ListView数据没有实时显示 - 适配器未提醒更新(已解决)    最后,感谢这样的一次实习机会，Android开发水平有了进一步的提升;