Spring学习之旅(八) Spring Security的使用

来源：互联网发布：w3c php手册下载编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/17 16:43

辛苦堆砌，转载请注明出处，谢谢！

之前的User校验我们自己通过比较用户名和密码来完成，这样可能存在一些安全隐患，还需要自己处理Session的问题。本篇文章使用Spring Security进行安全校验，对项目进行重构。

Spring Security是Spring实现的安全框架，可以对请求和方法进行安全保护，Spring Security根本上是一套Filter链，当配置使用Spring Security时，Spring会向项目中添加Filter，从而对请求进行拦截，并进行必要的安全校验。

首先，为了让Spring支持Spring Security，需要添加必要的依赖，这是因为Spring Security不属于Spring Framework，是一个独立的项目。

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId><artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId><version>${spring-security-web.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId><artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId><version>${spring-security-web.version}</version></dependency>

然后，创建如下的类

package com.yjp.springmvc.blog.config;import org.springframework.security.web.context.AbstractSecurityWebApplicationInitializer;public class SecurityWebInitializer extends AbstractSecurityWebApplicationInitializer {}

该类派生自AbstractSecurityWebApplicationInitializer，这样，当启用Spring Security时，会加入安全校验需要的Filter链。最后，启用Spring Security，并配置拦截规则和用户数据源

package com.yjp.springmvc.blog.config;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;@Configuration@EnableWebSecuritypublic class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {@Autowiredprivate UserDetailsService userDetailsService;@Overrideprotected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {//配置拦截规则http.formLogin().loginPage("/login").failureUrl("/loginError").and().logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/login").and().authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").authenticated().antMatchers("/**").permitAll();}@Overrideprotected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService);}}

我们派生了WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter类，并重新实现了两个方法，其中，configure以HttpSecurity为参数的方法，用来定制拦截规则，我们这里拦截"/"请求，其他请求放行，然后通过表单认证，认证表单为login，验证失败进入loginError请求，注销时，默认会进入logout请求，注销成功跳转到login请求。通过configure以AuthenticationManagerBuilder为参数的方法，我们返回数据源，数据源Spring会从UserDetailsService获取。记得将该配置类引入到RootConfig中。

下面调整我们之前的项目，删除LoginController，创建SecurityController

package com.yjp.springmvc.blog.web.controller;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;@Controllerpublic class SecurityController {@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET, value="/login")public String login(String error) {return "login";}@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET, value="/loginError")public String loginError(Model model) {model.addAttribute("error", "用户名或密码错误");return "login";}}

主要用来处理login流程的请求，将请求与对应的视图挂钩，看看login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ page isELIgnored="false"%><!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>简微</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="resources/css/login.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="resources/css/error.css"></head><body><div class="loginPanel">    <div>        <img src="resources/images/logo.png" alt="简微"/>    </div>    <form method="post" action="login">        <table>            <tr>                <td colspan="2" align="center" style="font-weight:bold">会员登录</td>            </tr>            <tr>                <td>名称：</td>                <td><input type="text" name="username"/></td>            </tr>            <tr>                <td>密码：</td>                <td><input type="password" name="password"/></td>            </tr>            <tr>        <td colspan="2" align="center"><span class="error">${error}</span></td>        </tr>            <tr>                <td colspan="2" align="center"><input type="submit" value="登入"></td>            </tr>            <tr>            <td align="center"><a href="registerPage">注册</a></td>                <td align="center"><a href="forgotPage">忘记密码？</a></td>            </tr>        </table>        <input type="hidden" name="${_csrf.parameterName}" value="${_csrf.token}"/>    </form>    </div>    <div>        <h1>简微</h1>        <ul>        <li>说你想说</li>        <li>看你想看</li>        <li>就这么简单</li>    </ul>    </div></body></html>

删除了之前用Spring标签库做的内容，表单发送POST请求到login，这里千万注意，我们拦截规则的formPage中的/login是GET请求，会发送到我们的SecurityController处理，然后返回login.jsp视图，而视图表单中的login是POST给Spring Security处理的，会完成及鉴权相关的工作。另外，编单中添加了一个

<input type="hidden" name="${_csrf.parameterName}" value="${_csrf.token}"/>

这个是防止CSRF攻击的，Spring Security要求要有这个表单域。这样，如果我们输入的用户名密码与数据源比较通过校验，就会进入"/"请求，我们在HomeController中处理该请求

package com.yjp.springmvc.blog.web.controller;import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;@Controllerpublic class HomeController {@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET, value="/")public String home(Model model) {//通过Spring Security获取当前的用户UserDetails userDetails = (UserDetails) SecurityContextHolder.getContext()    .getAuthentication()    .getPrincipal();model.addAttribute("username", userDetails.getUsername());return "home";}}

该请求会跳转到home.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ page isELIgnored="false"%><!DOCTYPE html"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>简微</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="resources/css/home.css" type="text/css"></head><body><div class="leftPanel"><img src="resources/images/logo.png" alt="简微" /><br><br><form method="post" action="logout" style=""><input type="hidden" name="${_csrf.parameterName}" value="${_csrf.token}"/><button type="submit">注销 ${username}</button></form></div><form method="post" action="message">说说你的事...<br><br>        <textarea cols='60' rows='4' name='blabla'></textarea><br><br><button type="submit">送出</button></form></body></html>

这里的home.jsp我们已经完成了注销功能，注意有一个发送POST logout请求的表单，这个同样的道理，注销流程会交给Spring Security处理，主要是清除及鉴权相关的数据。

最后，由于我们要给鉴权提供数据源，持久层做了相应的改动，首先看看UserService

package com.yjp.springmvc.blog.beans.service;import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;import com.yjp.springmvc.blog.beans.model.User;public interface UserService extends UserDetailsService {boolean saveUser(User user);}

package com.yjp.springmvc.blog.beans.service;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import com.yjp.springmvc.blog.beans.model.User;import com.yjp.springmvc.blog.beans.repository.UserRepository;@Servicepublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {@Autowiredprivate UserRepository userRepository;@Overridepublic boolean saveUser(User user) {User saveUser = userRepository.save(user);return saveUser != null;}@Overridepublic UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {UserDetails findUser = userRepository.findUserByUsername(username);if (findUser != null) {return findUser;} else {return null;}}}

UserService实现了UserDetailsService接口，用来提供数据源，我们的数据源就是User对象，但是User对象实现了UserDetails接口

package com.yjp.springmvc.blog.beans.model;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.Collection;import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.Table;import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;@Entity@Table(name="users")public class User implements Serializable, UserDetails {private static final long serialVersionUID = 9038460243059691075L;@Id@GenericGenerator(strategy = "assigned", name = "username")private String username;@Columnprivate String password;@Columnprivate String email;public User() {}public User(String username, String password, String email) {this.username = username;this.password = password;this.email = email;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public String getEmail() {return email;}public void setEmail(String email) {this.email = email;}@Overridepublic Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {//返回用户权限return Arrays.asList(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("USER"));}@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonExpired() {//账户是否会过期return true;}@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonLocked() {//用户是否被锁定return true;}@Overridepublic boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {//密码是否会过期return true;}@Overridepublic boolean isEnabled() {//用户是否使能return true;}}

UserDetails接口的方法已经添加注释，可以酌情修改。这样就完成了Spring Security的配置，并将其使用在了我们的项目中。

0 0