XML

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XML    SAX: 在读取文档提取相应的标记事件(元素起始、元素结束、文档起始)    DOM: 在内存中构造与文档中元素相应的树，可以遍历、搜索、修改    DTD: 验证文档是否正确    JAXP: 用于XML处理的Java API    Castor: 开源项目，用于Java对象与XML映射Java代码 1.    // 从对象中生成XML  2.    private final static String FILENAME = "serial.xml";  3.    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {  4.        String a = "hard work and best callback";  5.        new SerialDemoXML().write(a);  6.        new SerialDemoXML().dump();  7.    }  8.    public void write(Object obj) throws IOException {  9.        XMLEncoder os = new XMLEncoder(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(FILENAME)));  10.        os.writeObject(obj);  11.        os.close();  12.    }  13.    public void dump() throws IOException {  14.        XMLDecoder out = new XMLDecoder(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(FILENAME)));  15.        System.out.println(out.readObject());  16.        out.close();  17.    }  18.    serial.xml 格式内容如下:  19.    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>   20.    <java version="1.6.0_02" class="java.beans.XMLDecoder">   21.        <string>hard work and best callback</string>   22.    </java>  23.    控 制台输出  24.    hard work and best callback  25.      26.    // XSLT转换XML  27.    XSLT 可以用来对输出格式进行各种控制  28.    Transformer tx = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer(new StreamSource("people.xml"));  29.    tx.transform(new StreamSource("people.xml"), new StreamResult("people.html"));  30.      31.    // 用SAX解析XML - 主要用于查找关键元素，不用全文遍历  32.    public SaxLister() throws SAXException, IOException {  33.        XMLReader parser = XMLReaderFactory.createXMLReader("org.apache.xerces.parsers.SAXParser");  34.        parser.setContentHandler(new PeopleHandler());  35.        parser.parse("C:\\StudySource\\javacooksrc2\\xml\\people.xml");  36.    }  37.    class PeopleHandler extends DefaultHandler {  38.        boolean parent = false;  39.        boolean kids = false;  40.        public void startElement(String nsURI, String localName, String rawName, Attributes attr) throws SAXException {  41.            System.out.println("startElement: " +  localName + "," + rawName);  42.            if (rawName.equalsIgnoreCase("name"))  43.                parent = true;  44.            if (rawName.equalsIgnoreCase("children"))  45.            kids = true;  46.        }  47.        public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) {  48.            if (parent) {  49.                System.out.println("Parent: " + new String(ch, start, length));  50.                parent = false;  51.            } else if (kids) {  52.                System.out.println("Children: " + new String(ch, start, length));  53.                kids = false;  54.            }  55.        }  56.        public PeopleHandler() throws SAXException {  57.            super();  58.        }  59.    }  60.      61.    // DOM解析XML - 遍历整个树  62.    String uri = "file:" + new File("C:\\StudySource\\javacooksrc2\\xml\\people.xml").getAbsolutePath();  63.    DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();  64.    DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();  65.    Document doc = builder.parse(uri);  66.    NodeList nodes = doc.getChildNodes();  67.    for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {  68.        Node n = nodes.item(i);  69.        switch (n.getNodeType()) {  70.        case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:  71.            // todo  72.            break;  73.        case Node.TEXT_NODE:  74.            // todo  75.            break;  76.        }  77.    }  78.      79.    // 使用DTD或者XSD验证  80.    定 义好DTD或XSD文件  81.    XmlDocument doc = XmlDocument.createXmlDocument(uri, true);  82.      83.    // 用DOM生成XML  84.    DocumentBuilderFactory fact = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();  85.    DocumentBuilder parser = fact.newDocumentBuilder();  86.    Document doc = parser.newDocument();  87.    Node root = doc.createElement("Poem");  88.    doc.appendChild(root);  89.    Node stanza = doc.createElement("Stanza");  90.    root.appendChild(stanza);  91.    Node line = doc.createElement("Line");  92.    stanza.appendChild(line);  93.    line.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Once, upon a midnight dreary"));  94.    line = doc.createElement("Line");  95.    stanza.appendChild(line);  96.    line.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("While I pondered, weak and weary"));
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