Vim提示E325（锁机制）

背景

    用vim命令处理一些超大文件时，有时会遇到卡死现象，不得不强制退出。但是，再次用vim命令访问这个文件时，会出现“E325:ATTENTION”提示。如果不做处理，以后每次都会出现。

分析

    经过一番查证，此提示是vim程序对文件的一种保护机制（或锁机制）。当我们用vim命令打开一个文件时，会自动生成一个隐藏的swp文件。如果vim还在处理此文件，或者由于一些原因未正常退出，swp文件就会一直存在。当我们再次用vim命令打开此文件时，程序检测到有swp文件存在，就提醒我们不要误操作。原文如下：

 

*

11.3*Crashed or not?*

ATTENTION* *

E325*Vim tries to protect you from doing stupid things.  Suppose you innocentlystart editing a file, expecting the contents of the file to show up.  Instead,Vim produces a very long message:E325: ATTENTION Found a swap file by the name ".main.c.swp"   owned by: mool   dated: Tue May 29 21:09:28 2001  file name: ~mool/vim/vim6/src/main.c   modified: no  user name: mool   host name: masaka.moolenaar.net process ID: 12559 (still running) While opening file "main.c"      dated: Tue May 29 19:46:12 2001 (1) Another program may be editing the same file.     If this is the case, be careful not to end up with two     different instances of the same file when making changes.     Quit, or continue with caution. (2) An edit session for this file crashed.     If this is the case, use ":recover" or "vim -r main.c"     to recover the changes (see ":help recovery").     If you did this already, delete the swap file ".main.c.swp"     to avoid this message. You get this message, because, when starting to edit a file, Vim checks if aswap file already exists for that file.  If there is one, there must besomething wrong.  It may be one of these two situations.1. Another edit session is active on this file.  Look in the message for the   line with "process ID".  It might look like this:process ID: 12559 (still running)    The text "(still running)" indicates that the process editing this file   runs on the same computer.  When working on a non-Unix system you will not   get this extra hint.  When editing a file over a network, you may not see   the hint, because the process might be running on another computer.  In   those two cases you must find out what the situation is yourself.      If there is another Vim editing the same file, continuing to edit will   result in two versions of the same file.  The one that is written last will   overwrite the other one, resulting in loss of changes.  You better quit   this Vim.2. The swap file might be the result from a previous crash of Vim or the   computer.  Check the dates mentioned in the message.  If the date of the   swap file is newer than the file you were editing, and this line appears:modified: YES    Then you very likely have a crashed edit session that is worth recovering.      If the date of the file is newer than the date of the swap file, then   either it was changed after the crash (perhaps you recovered it earlier,   but didn't delete the swap file?), or else the file was saved before the   crash but after the last write of the swap file (then you're lucky: you   don't even need that old swap file).  Vim will warn you for this with this   extra line:      NEWER than swap file! UNREADABLE SWAP FILESometimes the line[cannot be read] will appear under the name of the swap file.  This can be good or bad,depending on circumstances.It is good if a previous editing session crashed without having made anychanges to the file.  Then a directory listing of the swap file will showthat it has zero bytes.  You may delete it and proceed.It is slightly bad if you don't have read permission for the swap file.  Youmay want to view the file read-only, or quit.  On multi-user systems, if youyourself did the last changes under a different login name, a logoutfollowed by a login under that other name might cure the "read error".  Orelse you might want to find out who last edited (or is editing) the file andhave a talk with them.It is very bad if it means there is a physical read error on the diskcontaining the swap file.  Fortunately, this almost never happens.You may want to view the file read-only at first (if you can), to see theextent of the changes that were "forgotten".  If you are the one in charge ofthat file, be prepared to redo your last changes.WHAT TO DO?*

swap-exists-choices*If dialogs are supported you will be asked to select one of five choices:  Swap file ".main.c.swp" already exists!   [O]pen Read-Only, (E)dit anyway, (R)ecover, (Q)uit, (A)bort, (D)elete it: O  Open the file readonly.  Use this when you just want to view the file and   don't need to recover it.  You might want to use this when you know someone   else is editing the file, but you just want to look in it and not make   changes.E  Edit the file anyway.  Use this with caution!  If the file is being edited   in another Vim, you might end up with two versions of the file.  Vim will   try to warn you when this happens, but better be safe then sorry.R  Recover the file from the swap file.  Use this if you know that the swap   file contains changes that you want to recover.Q  Quit.  This avoids starting to edit the file.  Use this if there is another   Vim editing the same file.      When you just started Vim, this will exit Vim.  When starting Vim with   files in several windows, Vim quits only if there is a swap file for the   first one.  When using an edit command, the file will not be loaded and you   are taken back to the previously edited file.A  Abort.  Like Quit, but also abort further commands.  This is useful when   loading a script that edits several files, such as a session with multiple   windows.D  Delete the swap file.  Use this when you are sure you no longer need it.   For example, when it doesn't contain changes, or when the file itself is   newer than the swap file.      On Unix this choice is only offered when the process that created the   swap file does not appear to be running.If you do not get the dialog (you are running a version of Vim that does notsupport it), you will have to do it manually.  To recover the file, use thiscommand::recoverVim cannot always detect that a swap file already exists for a file.  This isthe case when the other edit session puts the swap files in another directoryor when the path name for the file is different when editing it on differentmachines.  Therefore, don't rely on Vim always warning you.If you really don't want to see this message, you can add the 'A' flag to the'shortmess' option.  But it's very unusual that you need this.For remarks about encryption and the swap file, see |:recover-crypt|.==============================================================================

 

解决

    因为我是未正常退出vim程序导致，而且我要编辑的文件是正常的，所以直接将sep文件删除（选择(D)elete it）即可。你也根据自己的实际情况做选择吧。

参考

 

vim命令文档：http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/usr_11.html