用http和https请求进行访问数据

首先，我是用tomcat作为服务器，默认https不开启，需要自行设置，参考http://blog.csdn.net/w_liujun/article/details/41541267

和参考的文章一样，使用8443端口，需要在tomcat-conf-server.xml进行配置。

<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol" SSLEnabled="true"           enableLookups="false"           acceptCount="100" disableUploadTimeout="true"           maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true"           clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"           keystoreFile="C:/Program Files/Java/keystore-file"           keystorePass="123456" />

放在如下注释的前面（在这里被坑了，导致一直无法访问到8443端口）

    <!--    <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"               maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" scheme="https" secure="true"               clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />    -->

配置完后需要重启tomcat服务器。

然后我们是通过编写servlet处理请求，请求数据格式是json，返回数据格式也是json，并且打印返回的数据。

首先在web.xml中配置servlet，java文件是controller包下的JSONServlet类，访问路径是/servlet/JSONServlet.

<servlet>    <servlet-name>JSONServlet</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>controller.JSONServlet</servlet-class>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>JSONServlet</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/servlet/JSONServlet</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>

然后是JSONServlet类

因为要应用json，所以要导入相应的包（json-lib等等）链接：http://download.csdn.net/detail/tyfengyu/4478154

import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import net.sf.json.JSONArray;import net.sf.json.JSONObject;public class JSONServlet extends HttpServlet{protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){doPost(request, response);}protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){BufferedReader br;StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();// 获取请求try {request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(request.getInputStream()));        String line = null;        while((line = br.readLine())!=null){            sb.append(line);        }} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke1.printStackTrace();}catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}        // 将资料解码        String reqBody = sb.toString();        System.out.println("reqBody:"+reqBody);JSONObject JSONVersion =  JSONObject.fromObject(reqBody);System.out.println(JSONVersion.toString());// 获取版本号进行比较String UserVersion = JSONVersion.getString("filename");//System.out.println("UserVersion" + UserVersion);        //查询数据库返回真实信息// 返回JSON文件String result = JSONString();try {response.getWriter().write(result);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public String JSONString(){// json对象JSONObject gujian = new JSONObject();gujian.put("version", "2.27");JSONObject ALL =new JSONObject();ALL.put("gujian", gujian); // String result = "{"+jsonArray.toString()+"}";String result = ALL.toString();return result;}}

http请求：（httpRequest类）

import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.MalformedURLException;import java.net.URL;import net.sf.json.JSONObject;public class HttpRequest { public static final String ADD_URL = "http://localhost:8080/test2/servlet/JSONServlet";   //   public static final String ADD_URL = "http://192.168.4.97:35357/v2.0/tokens";      public static void appadd() throws IOException {          HttpURLConnection connection=null;          try {               //创建连接               URL url = new URL(ADD_URL);               connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();                                //设置http连接属性                              connection.setDoOutput(true);               connection.setDoInput(true);               connection.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 可以根据需要 提交 GET、POST、DELETE、INPUT等http提供的功能               connection.setUseCaches(false);               connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);                              //设置http头 消息               connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/json");  //设定 请求格式 json，也可以设定xml格式的               //connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");   //设定 请求格式 xml，               connection.setRequestProperty("Accept","application/json");//设定响应的信息的格式为 json，也可以设定xml格式的  //             connection.setRequestProperty("X-Auth-Token","xx");  //特定http服务器需要的信息，根据服务器所需要求添加               connection.connect();                  //添加 请求内容                             JSONObject user = new JSONObject();                user.put("filename", "2.26");               OutputStream out = connection.getOutputStream();                                       out.write(user.toString().getBytes());               out.flush();               out.close();                  // 读取响应               BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(                       connection.getInputStream()));               String lines;               StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("");               while ((lines = reader.readLine()) != null) {                   lines = new String(lines.getBytes(), "utf-8");                   sb.append(lines);               }               System.out.println(sb);               reader.close();  ////              断开连接               connection.disconnect();           } catch (MalformedURLException e) {               // TODO Auto-generated catch block               e.printStackTrace();           } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {               // TODO Auto-generated catch block               e.printStackTrace();           } catch (IOException e) {               // TODO Auto-generated catch block               e.printStackTrace();           }         }           public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {           appadd();       }      }

https请求，本地测试忽略证书进行请求 （httpsRequest类）

import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.MalformedURLException;import java.net.URL;import java.net.URLEncoder;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;import net.sf.json.JSONObject;public class HttpsRequest {// 表示服务器端的urlprivate static String PATH = "https://localhost:8443/test2/servlet/JSONServlet";private static URL url;static HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier() {          public boolean verify(String urlHostName, SSLSession session) {              System.out.println("Warning: URL Host: " + urlHostName + " vs. "                                 + session.getPeerHost());              return true;          }    };  public HttpsRequest() {// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub} private static void trustAllHttpsCertificates() throws Exception {          javax.net.ssl.TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new javax.net.ssl.TrustManager[1];          javax.net.ssl.TrustManager tm = new miTM();          trustAllCerts[0] = tm;          javax.net.ssl.SSLContext sc = javax.net.ssl.SSLContext                  .getInstance("SSL");          sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, null);          javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc                  .getSocketFactory());      }    static class miTM implements javax.net.ssl.TrustManager,       javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager {   public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {       return null;   }   public boolean isServerTrusted(           java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs) {       return true;   }   public boolean isClientTrusted(           java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs) {       return true;   }   public void checkServerTrusted(           java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType)           throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {       return;   }   public void checkClientTrusted(           java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType)           throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {       return;   }  }  static {try {url = new URL(PATH);} catch (MalformedURLException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}/* * params 填写的URL的参数 encode 字节编码 */public static void sendPostMessage(String encode) {// 忽略证书try {trustAllHttpsCertificates();} catch (Exception e1) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke1.printStackTrace();}    HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(hv); StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();try {HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(3000);httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);// 从服务器获取数据httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);// 向服务器写入数据// 获得上传信息的字节大小及长度  JSONObject user = new JSONObject();                user.put("filename", "2.26");  // 设置请求体的类型httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Lenth",String.valueOf(user.toString().length()));// 获得输出流，向服务器输出数据OutputStream outputStream = (OutputStream) httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();outputStream.write(user.toString().getBytes());// 获得服务器响应的结果和状态码int responseCode = httpURLConnection.getResponseCode();if (responseCode == 200) {// 获得输入流，从服务器端获得数据InputStream inputStream = (InputStream) httpURLConnection.getInputStream();BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(  inputStream));              String lines;              StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("");              while ((lines = reader.readLine()) != null) {                  lines = new String(lines.getBytes(), "utf-8");                  sb.append(lines);              }              System.out.println(sb);              reader.close();  }} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}/** * @param args */public static void main(String[] args) {sendPostMessage("utf-8");}}

启动tomcat，分别运行httpRequest类和httpsRequest类进行测试。

控制台打印出 {"gujian":{"version":"2.27"}} 代表运行成功。