MySQL5.7在线开启-关闭GTID

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在线开启/关闭GTID

环境介绍

Part1:写在最前

截止本文撰写当日,是官网的最新稳定版,本文将用来进行演示。从开始,支持了GTID复制模式,这种模式其实是把双刃剑,虽然容易搭建主从复制了,但使用不当,就容易出现一些错误,例如error 1236。在如果开启GTID模式,需要在中加入以下几个参数:


log-bin=mysql-bin

binlog_format=row

log_slave_updates=1

gtid_mode=ON

enforce_gtid_consistency=ON


Warning:警告这里的一些参数不是动态参数,也就是需要重启mysql才能生效。



Part2:环境

[root@HE1 ~]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 4Server version: -log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> select version();+------------+| version()  |+------------+| -log |+------------+1 row in set ( sec)mysql> show global variables like 'log_slave%';+-------------------+-------+| Variable_name     | Value |+-------------------+-------+| log_slave_updates | OFF   |+-------------------+-------+1 row in set ( sec)


开启GTID需要开启log_slave_updates参数,否则启动报错,而不在需要开启该参数。


实战

Part1:搭建传统复制模式

本文环境HE1为从,HE3为主库


[root@HE1 ~]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 7Server version: -log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row ***************************               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event                  Master_Host:                   Master_User: mysync                  Master_Port: 3306                Connect_Retry: 60              Master_Log_File: mysql-          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1694               Relay_Log_File: HE1-relay-                Relay_Log_Pos: 320        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-             Slave_IO_Running: Yes            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes              Replicate_Do_DB:           Replicate_Ignore_DB:            Replicate_Do_Table:        Replicate_Ignore_Table:       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:                    Last_Errno: 0                   Last_Error:                  Skip_Counter: 0          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1694              Relay_Log_Space: 525              Until_Condition: None               Until_Log_File:                 Until_Log_Pos: 0           Master_SSL_Allowed: No           Master_SSL_CA_File:            Master_SSL_CA_Path:               Master_SSL_Cert:             Master_SSL_Cipher:                Master_SSL_Key:         Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No                Last_IO_Errno: 0                Last_IO_Error:                Last_SQL_Errno: 0               Last_SQL_Error:   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:              Master_Server_Id: 1250                  Master_UUID: 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d             Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/                    SQL_Delay: 0          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates           Master_Retry_Count: 86400                  Master_Bind:       Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:      Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:                Master_SSL_Crl:            Master_SSL_Crlpath:            Retrieved_Gtid_Set:             Executed_Gtid_Set:                 Auto_Position: 0         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:                  Channel_Name:            Master_TLS_Version: 1 row in set ( sec)


Part2:传统复制模式切换为GTID

主库从库都需执行以下命令

mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF_PERMISSIVE';Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON_PERMISSIVE';Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=ON;Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON';Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)


主库插数从库执行

mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                      |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+| mysql- |      154 |              |                  | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+1 row in set ( sec)

可以看到gtid_set下面有数了,这说明已经开启了gtid模式



Part3:GTID变更为传统模式

mysql> stop slave;-----从库执行Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON_PERMISSIVE';Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF_PERMISSIVE';Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=0;Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF';Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> show variables like '%gtid%';+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+| Variable_name                    | Value                                  |+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery      | ON                                     || enforce_gtid_consistency         | ON                                     || gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000                                   || gtid_mode                        | OFF                                    || gtid_next                        | AUTOMATIC                              || gtid_owned                       |                                        || gtid_purged                      | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 || session_track_gtids              | OFF                                    |+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+8 rows in set ( sec)


可以看到这里GTID模式已经关了,下面再次开启GTID模式来观察id的变化

mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF_PERMISSIVE';Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON_PERMISSIVE';Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=ON;Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON';Query OK, 0 rows affected ( sec)mysql> mysql> mysql> show variables like '%gtid%';+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+| Variable_name                    | Value                                  |+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery      | ON                                     || enforce_gtid_consistency         | ON                                     || gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000                                   || gtid_mode                        | ON                                     || gtid_next                        | AUTOMATIC                              || gtid_owned                       |                                        || gtid_purged                      | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 || session_track_gtids              | OFF                                    |+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+8 rows in set ( sec)主库做操作,从库执行如下命令会看到gtid_set的值在变化mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                        |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+| mysql- |      154 |              |                  | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1-2 |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+1 row in set ( sec)mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                        |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+| mysql- |      154 |              |                  | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1-3 |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+1 row in set ( sec)

——总结——

开启/关闭GTID,不用重启mysql,这大大提高了GTID的易用性。由于笔者的水平有限,编写时间也很仓促,文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方,不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。



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