Up and running with Kubernetes.io and Raspberry Pis

转自：http://kubecloud.io/getting-up-and-running-with-kubernetes-io/

The following post is based on this link written by Arjen Wassink. Arjen demonstrated the Kubernetes.io cluster at Devoxx 2015 together with Ray Tsang. The talk about Kubernetes and the demonstration of the Raspberry Pi cluster is embedded below.

Prerequisites

You need the following for this guide:

• A couple of Raspberry Pis including power supply, sd-cards etc.
• HypriotOS image installed. (See the Running docker on your Raspberry Pi guide)

Installing Kubernetes on the master node

First, we need to setup the master node. To get started we need to download Arjen Wassink great install scripts. Thank you for the hard work! Get the stuff by running the following command:

$ curl -L -o k8s-on-rpi.zip https://github.com/awassink/k8s-on-rpi/archive/master.zip
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Next run the following command to update the package lists from the repositories

$ apt-get update
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For unpacking the zip-file, we need to get unzip.

$ apt-get install unzip
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Unzip the downloaded zip-file by using unzip.

$ unzip k8s-on-rpi.zip
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The last thing we need to do is running the install-script for the master node. Type in the following command and press enter! 
Be aware that this can take a while.

$ ./k8s-on-rpi-master/install-k8s-master.sh
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The install-script will install 5 services, namely:docker-bootstrap.service, k8s-etcd.service, k8s-flannel.service, docker.service and k8s-master.service.

Now we need to verify that everything went as expected. To do this run the following command and you should see 2 docker daemons running as shown in the output below:

$ ps -ef|grep dockerroot      2097     1 49 10:10 ?        00:16:24 /usr/bin/docker daemon -H unix:///var/run/docker-bootstrap.sock -p /var/run/docker-bootstrap.pid --storage-driver=overlay --storage-opt dm.basesize=10G --iptables=false --ip-masq=false --bridge=none --graph=/var/lib/docker-bootstrap  root      2464     1 30 10:29 ?        00:04:02 /usr/bin/docker -d -bip=10.0.82.1/24 -mtu=1472 -H fd:// -H tcp://0.0.0.0:2376 -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock --storage-driver overlay --tlsverify --tlscacert /etc/docker/ca.pem --tlscert /etc/docker/server.pem --tlskey /etc/docker/server-key.pem --label provider=hypriot  root      2551  2464  0 10:29 ?        00:00:01 docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 3376 -container-ip 10.0.82.3 -container-port 3376  root      2557  2464  0 10:29 ?        00:00:07 /swarm manage --tlsverify --tlscacert=/etc/docker/ca.pem --tlscert=/etc/docker/server.pem --tlskey=/etc/docker/server-key.pem -H tcp://0.0.0.0:3376 --strategy spread token://6102302A23718A7353E035CBF88A957D  root      2673     1  0 10:34 ?        00:00:01 docker run --name=k8s-master --net=host --pid=host --privileged -v /sys:/sys:ro -v /var/run:/var/run:rw -v /:/rootfs:ro -v /dev:/dev -v /var/lib/docker/:/var/lib/docker:rw -v /var/lib/kubelet/:/var/lib/kubelet:rw gcr.io/google_containers/hyperkube-arm:v1.1.2 /hyperkube kubelet --v=2 --address=0.0.0.0 --enable-server --allow-privileged=true --pod_infra_container_image=gcr.io/google_containers/pause-arm:2.0 --api-servers=http://localhost:8080 --hostname-override=127.0.0.1 --cluster-dns=10.0.0.10 --cluster-domain=cluster.local --containerized --config=/etc/kubernetes/manifests-multi  root      3150  3073  0 10:42 pts/0    00:00:00 grep docker  
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Next we have to be sure that flannel and etcd are up and running. It should look something like the following, where flanneld and etcd are up and running.

$ docker -H unix:///var/run/docker-bootstrap.sock psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE                        COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES  c672d66e50d2        andrewpsuedonym/etcd:2.1.1   "/bin/etcd --addr=127"   10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                           k8s-etcd  11849faccb41        andrewpsuedonym/flanneld     "flanneld --etcd-endp"   14 minutes ago      Up 14 minutes                           k8s-flannel  
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Lastly we need to check that the hyperkube kubelet, apiserver, scheduler, controller and proxy are running. Now you should be able to see the hyperkube kubelet, apiserver, scheduler, controller and proxy. To do this, type in the following.

$ docker psCONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                           COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                              NAMES  e36ac4216c56        gcr.io/google_containers/hyperkube-arm:v1.1.2   "/hyperkube controlle"   10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                                          k8s_controller-manager.7042038a_k8s-master-127.0.0.1_default_43160049df5e3b1c5ec7bcf23d4b97d0_edb76cf2  e491a0a5cf40        gcr.io/google_containers/hyperkube-arm:v1.1.2   "/hyperkube apiserver"   10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                                          k8s_apiserver.f4ad1bfa_k8s-master-127.0.0.1_default_43160049df5e3b1c5ec7bcf23d4b97d0_cf8cf205  cec2f49600e2        gcr.io/google_containers/hyperkube-arm:v1.1.2   "/hyperkube scheduler"   10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                                          k8s_scheduler.d905fc61_k8s-master-127.0.0.1_default_43160049df5e3b1c5ec7bcf23d4b97d0_1020815f  161dffd94cac        gcr.io/google_containers/pause-arm:2.0          "/pause"                 10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                                          k8s_POD.d853e10f_k8s-master-127.0.0.1_default_43160049df5e3b1c5ec7bcf23d4b97d0_7d39c0d1  4ea725efd73c        gcr.io/google_containers/hyperkube-arm:v1.1.2   "/hyperkube proxy --m"   11 minutes ago      Up 11 minutes                                          k8s-master-proxy  f4a7330da6f7        gcr.io/google_containers/hyperkube-arm:v1.1.2   "/hyperkube kubelet -"   11 minutes ago      Up 11 minutes                                          k8s-master  
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Deploying the first pod

Now we are ready to deploy our first pod. First we need to go grab the command line tool for accessing the Kubernetes cluster. Type in the following command

$ curl -fsSL -o /usr/bin/kubectl https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.1.2/bin/linux/arm/kubectl 
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In order to access the command-line tool change the permission of /usr/bin/kubectl

$ chmod 755 /usr/bin/kubectl
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In order to see available nodes, use the following command

$ kubectl get nodes
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Let's try to run a simple pod, namely the hypriot/rpi-busybox-httpd, which is just a simple webserver displaying a static page. Run the pod as follows

$ kubectl run busybox --image=hypriot/rpi-busybox-httpd
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Now we can check that the pod is running by entering the command below

$ kubectl get pods -o wideNAME                   READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       NODE  busybox-v12rw          1/1       Running   0          15m       127.0.0.1  k8s-master-127.0.0.1   3/3       Running   1          28m       127.0.0.1  
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Now, we have a pod running locally, but only locally. Export the pod to the outside by running the expose command. The --port option specifies the external port our pod will be accessible through. Remember to update the external-ip to your masters ip.

$ kubectl expose rc busybox --port=90 --target-port=80 --external-ip=<ip-address-master-node>
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To check that pod is now exposed, we can run the kubectl get svc which displays the services running and the ports at which they are accessible at

$ kubectl get svcNAME         CLUSTER_IP   EXTERNAL_IP    PORT(S)   SELECTOR      AGE  busybox      10.0.0.242   192.168.1.21   90/TCP    run=busybox   15m  kubernetes   10.0.0.1     <none>         443/TCP   <none>        29m  
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Go to the ip-address you specified (in our case: http://192.168.1.21:90) and check to see if everything is running!

You can also verify this through the commandline:

$ curl http://10.0.0.242:90<html>  <head><title>Pi armed with Docker by Hypriot</title>    <body style="width: 100%; background-color: black;">    <div id="main" style="margin: 100px auto 0 auto; width: 800px;">      <img src="pi_armed_with_docker.jpg" alt="pi armed with docker" style="width: 800px">    </div>  </body></html>  
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Setting up worker nodes

Now that our master node is up and running, we continue to setup our worker nodes. On a new node execute the following commands.

$ curl -L -o k8s-on-rpi.zip https://github.com/awassink/k8s-on-rpi/archive/master.zip
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$ apt-get update
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$ apt-get install unzip
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$ unzip k8s-on-rpi.zip
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$ mkdir /etc/kubernetes
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$ cp k8s-on-rpi-master/rootfs/etc/kubernetes/k8s.conf /etc/kubernetes/k8s.conf
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IMPORTANT: Change the ip-address in /etc/kubernetes/k8s.conf to match the master node's ip-address before running the following command.

$ ./k8s-on-rpi-master/install-k8s-worker.sh
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The install script setup everything needed in order to be a worker-node. This involves installing 4 services, which is quite similar to what the master install script was doing. The biggest difference is that the etcd service is not running and the kubelet service is configured as a worker node.

To see verify that all nodes are registered correctly, run the following.

$ kubectl get nodesNAME           LABELS                                STATUS    AGE  127.0.0.1      kubernetes.io/hostname=127.0.0.1      Ready     3h  192.168.1.22   kubernetes.io/hostname=192.168.1.22   Ready     2h  192.168.1.23   kubernetes.io/hostname=192.168.1.23   Ready     2h  192.168.1.24   kubernetes.io/hostname=192.168.1.24   Ready     2h  
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Scaling the pod

The last thing we will be going through in this post is how to scale a pod. We have 4 Raspberry Pis in our cluster, but you can choose the number you please.

$ kubectl scale --replicas=4 rc/busybox
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And lastly we can check that we got 4 busyboxes running in our cluster

$ kubectl get pods -o wideNAME                   READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       NODE  busybox-2oc8z          1/1       Running   1          2h        192.168.1.22  busybox-82efy          1/1       Running   0          2h        192.168.1.24  busybox-gw797          1/1       Running   0          2h        192.168.1.23  busybox-v12rw          1/1       Running   1          3h        127.0.0.1  k8s-master-127.0.0.1   3/3       Running   5          3h        127.0.0.1  
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Now you have a Kubernetes cluster running with some worker nodes. Stay tuned for a guide to get up and running with Kubernetes dashboard.

For more information about the installation procedure for Kubernetes, please check out the Getting started guide and the link written by Arjen Wassink.