【已实测通过】JavaMail常用的几种邮件发送方式

来源：互联网发布：mendeley for mac 编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/16 12:42

【我的Segmfault原文】https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000008114373

前言

关于JavaMail发送邮件的代码，网上随便搜搜就可以找到，但是要么写得简单且没有注释解释，要么写得复杂又非常杂乱。由于项目需要，花了一段时间搜集网上各类案例，熟悉JavaMail邮件发送涉及的配置，取其精华去其糟粕。在功能测试正常可用的前提下，对代码的排版和注释进行梳理调整，提炼出符合自己要求的功能代码，现将它分享给大家，希望大家少走弯路，提高开发效率。代码测试过程出现的问题，请参看《JavaMail邮件发送成功但未收到邮件的问题及解决办法》和《使用geronimo-javamail_1.4发送邮件的有关说明》分析解决。

主要类及功能

1、EmailAuthenticator类：继承Authenticator类的账号密码验证器，主要用于创建邮件会话时调用。
2、EmailSendInfo类：邮件参数信息设置，参数包括账号、密码、SMTP服务器地址和服务端口等。
3、EmailSender类：电子邮件发送器，包含各种邮件发送方法，如文本形式、HTML形式和含附件形式等。
注：请到Oracle官网下载JavaMail的jar包，提供以下参考下载地址：

http://www.oracle.com/technet...
https://java.net/projects/jav...

EmailAuthenticator类

import javax.mail.*;   public class EmailAuthenticator extends Authenticator{           private String userName;       private String password;               public EmailAuthenticator(){}           public EmailAuthenticator(String username, String password) {            this.userName = username;            this.password = password;        }            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){           return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);       }        public String getUserName() {        return userName;    }        public void setUserName(String userName) {        this.userName = userName;    }        public String getPassword() {        return password;    }        public void setPassword(String password) {        this.password = password;    }       }

EmailSendInfo类

import java.util.Properties;public class EmailSendInfo {        // 发送邮件的服务器的IP和端口    private String mailServerHost;    private String mailServerPort = "25";    // 邮件发送者的地址    private String fromAddress;    // 邮件接收者的地址    private String toAddress;    // 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名和密码    private String userName;    private String password;    // 是否需要身份验证    private boolean validate = false;    // 邮件主题    private String subject;    // 邮件的文本内容    private String content;    // 邮件附件的文件名    private String[] attachFileNames;    /**     * 获得邮件会话属性     */    public Properties getProperties() {        Properties p = new Properties();        p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);        p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);        p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");        return p;    }    public String getMailServerHost() {        return mailServerHost;    }    public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {        this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;    }    public String getMailServerPort() {        return mailServerPort;    }    public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {        this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;    }    public boolean isValidate() {        return validate;    }    public void setValidate(boolean validate) {        this.validate = validate;    }    public String[] getAttachFileNames() {        return attachFileNames;    }    public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) {        this.attachFileNames = fileNames;    }    public String getFromAddress() {        return fromAddress;    }    public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {        this.fromAddress = fromAddress;    }    public String getPassword() {        return password;    }    public void setPassword(String password) {        this.password = password;    }    public String getToAddress() {        return toAddress;    }    public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {        this.toAddress = toAddress;    }    public String getUserName() {        return userName;    }    public void setUserName(String userName) {        this.userName = userName;    }    public String getSubject() {        return subject;    }    public void setSubject(String subject) {        this.subject = subject;    }    public String getContent() {        return content;    }    public void setContent(String textContent) {        this.content = textContent;    }}

EmailSender类

为了方面大家阅读，我将EmailSender类的内容进行了拆分，测试使用只需要将下面内容组合就可。其中main方法中的部分参数信息需要自行设置，请勿直接粘贴测试。

import配置

import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.Date;import java.util.Properties;import javax.activation.DataHandler;import javax.activation.FileDataSource;import javax.mail.Address;import javax.mail.BodyPart;import javax.mail.Message;import javax.mail.MessagingException;import javax.mail.Multipart;import javax.mail.Session;import javax.mail.Transport;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

用于测试的main方法

public static void main(String[] args) {    String fromaddr = "XXX@sohu.com";    String toaddr = "XXX@sohu.com";//        String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-TEXT";//        String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-HTML";//        String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-eml文件";    String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-eml文件_含多个附件";    String content = "【测试内容】Hello, this is sample for to check send email using JavaMailAPI ";    String port = "25";    String host = "smtp.sohu.com";    String userName = "XXX@sohu.com";    String password = "XXX";        EmailSendInfo mailInfo = new EmailSendInfo();     mailInfo.setMailServerHost(host);          mailInfo.setMailServerPort(port);         mailInfo.setValidate(true);      mailInfo.setUserName(userName);         mailInfo.setPassword(password);     mailInfo.setFromAddress(fromaddr);         mailInfo.setToAddress(toaddr);         mailInfo.setSubject(title);         mailInfo.setContent(content);     mailInfo.setAttachFileNames(new String[]{"file/XXX.jpg","file/XXX.txt"});           //发送文体格式邮件//         EmailSender.sendTextMail(mailInfo);     //发送html格式邮件//         EmailSender.sendHtmlMail(mailInfo);       //发送含附件的邮件     EmailSender.sendAttachmentMail(mailInfo);     //读取eml文件发送//         File emailFile = new File("file/EML_myself-eml.eml");//         File emailFile = new File("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含文本附件.eml");//         File emailFile = new File("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含图片附件.eml");//         File emailFile = new File("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含多个附件.eml");//         EmailSender.sendMail(mailInfo, emailFile);}

以文本格式发送邮件

public static boolean sendTextMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo) {       boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态    // 判断是否需要身份认证        EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;        Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();    if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {        // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器          authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());        }       // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session      Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, authenticator);        //【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式    sendMailSession.setDebug(true);    try {            // 根据session创建一个邮件消息            MimeMessage  mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);            // 创建邮件发送者地址            Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());            // 设置邮件消息的发送者            mailMessage.setFrom(from);            // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中            Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());            mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);            // 设置邮件消息的主题            mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject(), "UTF-8");        // 设置邮件消息发送的时间            mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());            // 设置邮件消息的主要内容            String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();            mailMessage.setText(mailContent, "UTF-8"); //            mailMessage.saveChanges();                 //生成邮件文件        createEmailFile("file/EML_myself-TEXT.eml", mailMessage);                 // 发送邮件            Transport.send(mailMessage);           sendStatus = true;        } catch (MessagingException ex) {              LOG.error("以文本格式发送邮件出现异常", ex);          return sendStatus;    }        return sendStatus;    }

以HTML格式发送邮件

public static boolean sendHtmlMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo){       boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态    // 判断是否需要身份认证        EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;       Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();       //如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器         if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {          authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());       }        // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session        Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,authenticator);      //【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式    sendMailSession.setDebug(true);    try {            // 根据session创建一个邮件消息            Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);            // 创建邮件发送者地址            Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());            // 设置邮件消息的发送者            mailMessage.setFrom(from);            // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中            Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());            // Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO            mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);            // 设置邮件消息的主题            mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());            // 设置邮件消息发送的时间            mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());            // 设置邮件内容        mailMessage.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html;charset=utf-8");                //生成邮件文件        createEmailFile("file/EML_myself-HTML.eml", mailMessage);                // 发送邮件            Transport.send(mailMessage);            sendStatus = true;        } catch (MessagingException ex) {            LOG.error("以HTML格式发送邮件出现异常", ex);            return sendStatus;    }        return sendStatus;    }

读取eml文件后发送邮件

public static boolean sendMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo, File emailFile) {    boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态    // 判断是否需要身份认证        EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;        Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();    if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {        // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器          authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());        }       // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session      Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, authenticator);        //【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式    sendMailSession.setDebug(true);    try {            InputStream source = new FileInputStream(emailFile);        // 根据session创建一个邮件消息             Message  mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession, source);            // 发送邮件            Transport.send(mailMessage);           //【重要】关闭输入流，否则会导致文件无法移动或删除        source.close();        sendStatus = true;        } catch (MessagingException e) {              LOG.error("以文本格式发送邮件出现异常", e);          return sendStatus;    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {        LOG.error("FileNotFoundException", e);        return sendStatus;       } catch (Exception e) {        LOG.error("Exception", e);        return sendStatus;    }    return sendStatus;    }

以含附件形式发送邮件

public static boolean sendAttachmentMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo) {    boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态    // 判断是否需要身份认证        EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;        Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();    if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {        // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器          authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());        }       // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session      Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, authenticator);        //【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式    sendMailSession.setDebug(true);    try {            // 根据session创建一个邮件消息            MimeMessage  mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);            // 创建邮件发送者地址            Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());            // 设置邮件消息的发送者            mailMessage.setFrom(from);            // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中            Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());            mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);            // 设置邮件消息的主题            mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject(), "UTF-8");        // 设置邮件消息发送的时间            mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());            // 设置邮件消息的主要内容            String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();           // MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象            Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();            // 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart            BodyPart bodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();            //设置TEXT内容//            bodyPart.setText(mailInfo.getContent());        // 设置HTML内容            bodyPart.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");            mainPart.addBodyPart(bodyPart);            //设置附件         String[] filenames = mailInfo.getAttachFileNames();         for (int i = 0; i < filenames.length; i++) {             // Part two is attachment               bodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();               String filename = filenames[i];//1.txt/sohu_mail.jpg//                 DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);               FileDataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);              bodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));               bodyPart.setFileName(source.getName());               mainPart.addBodyPart(bodyPart);          }        // 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容            mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);                 //生成邮件文件        createEmailFile("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含多个附件.eml", mailMessage);                 // 发送邮件            Transport.send(mailMessage);           sendStatus = true;        } catch (MessagingException ex) {              LOG.error("以文本格式发送邮件出现异常", ex);          return sendStatus;    }        return sendStatus;    }

生成邮件文件

public static void createEmailFile(String fileName, Message mailMessage)        throws MessagingException {        File f = new File(fileName);     try {        mailMessage.writeTo(new FileOutputStream(f));    } catch (IOException e) {        LOG.error("IOException", e);      }}

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