Java使用Velocity模板发送HTML格式邮件并解决中文乱码问题

来源：互联网发布：mac os 光盘镜像编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/04/28 02:00

项目中经常会遇到发送邮件的问题，有时还需要发送html格式的邮件，如果直接在java文件硬编码写html，那么维护起来将会非常麻烦，利用Velocity模板引擎可以解决这个问题，使得业务处理和视图渲染相分离，方便维护。

项目依赖：

<properties>    <springframework>4.2.6.RELEASE</springframework></properties><dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>    <version>${springframework}</version></dependency><dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>    <version>${springframework}</version></dependency><dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>    <version>${springframework}</version>    <exclusions>        <exclusion>            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>        </exclusion>    </exclusions></dependency><dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>    <version>${springframework}</version></dependency><dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>    <version>${springframework}</version></dependency><dependency>    <groupId>org.apache.velocity</groupId>    <artifactId>velocity</artifactId>    <version>1.7</version></dependency><dependency>    <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>    <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>    <version>1.5.5</version></dependency>

接下写一个服务类，提供发送邮件的功能：

public class SendEmailService {    private JavaMailSender sender;    private VelocityEngine velocityEngine;    public void sendEmail() {        MimeMessagePreparator preparator = new MimeMessagePreparator() {            @Override            public void prepare(MimeMessage mimeMessage) throws Exception {                //设置内容显示的编码格式                MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, "UTF-8");                helper.setTo("wang704987562@vip.qq.com");                helper.setFrom("输入你的发送邮箱地址");                Map modal = new HashMap<>();                modal.put("userName", "wzx");                modal.put("emailAddress", "wang704987562@vip.qq.com");                String content = VelocityEngineUtils.mergeTemplateIntoString(velocityEngine, "email_tempalte.vm", "UTF-8", modal);                helper.setSubject("邮件主题");                helper.setText(content, true);            }        };        this.sender.send(preparator);    }    public void setSender(JavaMailSender sender) {        this.sender = sender;    }    public void setVelocityEngine(VelocityEngine velocityEngine) {        this.velocityEngine = velocityEngine;    }}

添加一个简单的模板文件：

<html>    <body>        <h3>Hi ${userName}, welcome to the Chipping Sodbury On-the-Hill message boards!</h3>        <div>            Your email address is ${emailAddress}.        </div>    </body></html>

在配置文件中配置bean：

<bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">        <property name="host" value="smtp.mxhichina.com"/>        <property name="username" value="输入发送邮箱地址"/>        <property name="password" value="输入发送邮箱密码"/>    </bean>    <bean id="sendEmailService" class="cn.ssm.service.SendEmailService">        <property name="sender" ref="mailSender"/>        <property name="velocityEngine" ref="velocityEngine"/>    </bean>    <bean id="velocityEngine" class="org.springframework.ui.velocity.VelocityEngineFactoryBean">        <property name="velocityProperties">            <props>                <prop key="resource.loader">class</prop>                <prop key="class.resource.loader.class">                    org.apache.velocity.runtime.resource.loader.ClasspathResourceLoader                </prop>                <!-- 配置引擎读取数据的编码格式 -->                <prop key="input.encoding">UTF-8</prop>                <!-- 配置引擎输出数据的编码格式 -->                <prop key="output.encoding">UTF-8</prop>                <prop key="default.contentType">application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8</prop>            </props>        </property>    </bean>

注意：需要将代码替换成自己的邮箱帐号和密码，否则发送失败

最后，写个测试用例：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")public class SendEmailTest {    @Autowired    private SendEmailService emailService;    @Test    public void test() {        emailService.sendEmail();    }}

运行后，效果如下：

可以正确显示html格式并显示中文。

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