【Android】不同App之间通过SharedPreference共享数据

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Android中不同App之间共享数据可以用SharedPreference、ContentProvider,也可以通过sharedUserId。

今天具体来说下怎么通过SharedPreference(以下简称SP)在不同App之间共享数据。

比如SharedApp是共享数据的App,ReceiverApp是来接收数据的App;SharedApp中创建一个SP1,把共享数据存进去;在ReceiverApp中创建一个SP2(需要用到SharedApp的包名),这个SP2就包含共享数据。

关键代码:

Context sharedAppContext = null;try {    sharedAppContext = createPackageContext("com.clipperl.sharedpreferenceprovider2", 0);} catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {    e.printStackTrace(); }

以上代码就是通过SharedApp的包名拿到SharedApp中的SP的数据。

接下来把全部代码展示出来。

SharedApp的Activity:

package com.clipperl.sharedpreferenceprovider2;import android.content.SharedPreferences;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.EditText;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    public static final String PREFS_READ = "PREFS_READ";    public static final String KEY_READ = "KEY_READ";    private SharedPreferences sharedPreferences;    EditText etShare;    Button btnShare;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        etShare = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_share);        btnShare = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_share);        btnShare.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                sharedPreferences = getSharedPreferences(PREFS_READ, MODE_WORLD_READABLE);                SharedPreferences.Editor prefsReadEditor = sharedPreferences.edit();                prefsReadEditor.putString(KEY_READ, String.valueOf(etShare.getText()));                prefsReadEditor.commit();            }        });    }}

它的布局:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout    android:id="@+id/activity_main"    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical">    <EditText        android:id="@+id/et_share"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:hint="请输入可读数据"/>    <Button        android:id="@+id/btn_share"        android:text="分享可读数据"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/></LinearLayout>

接下来是ReceiverApp的Activity:

package com.clipperl.sharedpreferencereceiver2;import android.content.Context;import android.content.SharedPreferences;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.EditText;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    public static final String PREFS_READ = "PREFS_READ";    public static final String KEY_READ = "KEY_READ";    private SharedPreferences sharedPreferences;    private EditText etReceiver;    private Button btnReceiver;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        etReceiver = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_receiver);        btnReceiver = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_receiver);        btnReceiver.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                Context sharedAppContext = null;                try {                    sharedAppContext = createPackageContext("com.clipperl.sharedpreferenceprovider2", 0);                } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }                sharedPreferences = sharedAppContext.getSharedPreferences(PREFS_READ, MODE_WORLD_READABLE);                etReceiver.setText(sharedPreferences.getString(KEY_READ, "读取失败"));                sharedPreferences = null;            }        });    }}

它对应的布局:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout    android:id="@+id/activity_main"    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical">    <EditText        android:id="@+id/et_receiver"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:hint="接收其他app的数据"/>    <Button        android:id="@+id/btn_receiver"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="接收其他app的数据"/></LinearLayout>

操作方法:
1、在SharedApp中的EditText中输入数据,点击Button保存到SP中;
2、在ReceiverApp中点击Button,拿到SP中保存的数据,并展示在EditText中。

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