UIScrollView

UIScrollView是一个可以滚动的继承于UIView的控件:

如果直接在StoryBoard上面拉上一个UIScrollView控件.

就是个这么情况.

正常的SB(StoryBoard)的使用方式是:

1.先拖上来一个UIScrollView控件.然后设置一下约束:

Update Frames那里选择Item of New Constraints主要是为了图省事.

2.注意.我们这里的顶部是相对于最上面的状态栏的.所以约束出来是这个效果.

如果觉得恶心想吐的话.可以把顶部拉到屏幕的顶部:

然后会出现上面的黄色的东东.这个时候我们只需要通过,按照SB更新约束就行了:

然后就变成这样的画风了:

是不是觉得正常了许多.

然后咱们运行,发现不能滚动.大家想一想.能够滚动,想一想照片应用.是不是滚动是有范围亦或者说是边界的.

3.添加一个有大小的UIView(UIImageView之类的).

这个时候没报错.然后咱们添加一个UIImageViwe之后:

这是由于我们还没有设置约束(UIScrollView里面的ContentView属性):

咱们先设置一下UIScrollView里面UIImageView的约束.

这里会报错.我们可以先不去管它.

然后咱们直接在右边设置图片

然后直接更新一下就行了.

运行就可以随意滚动了.

但是有两个问题.

第一个是.图片的起始位置是0.0点.

第二个问题是.图片不能缩放.

这是缩放.

下面会讲到用代码把ScrollView中的图片运行时放置在中心位置.

以下是UIScollView的头文件:

//

//  UIScrollView.h

//  UIKit

//

//  Copyright (c) 2007-2016 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.

//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#import <CoreGraphics/CoreGraphics.h>

#import <UIKit/UIView.h>

#import <UIKit/UIGeometry.h>

#import <UIKit/UIKitDefines.h>

#import <UIKit/UIRefreshControl.h>

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIScrollViewIndicatorStyle) {

    UIScrollViewIndicatorStyleDefault,     // black with white border. good against any background

    UIScrollViewIndicatorStyleBlack,       // black only. smaller. good against a white background

    UIScrollViewIndicatorStyleWhite        // white only. smaller. good against a black background

};

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIScrollViewKeyboardDismissMode) {

    UIScrollViewKeyboardDismissModeNone,

    UIScrollViewKeyboardDismissModeOnDrag,      // dismisses the keyboard when a drag begins

    UIScrollViewKeyboardDismissModeInteractive, // the keyboard follows the dragging touch off screen, and may be pulled upward again to cancel the dismiss

} NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);

UIKIT_EXTERN const CGFloat UIScrollViewDecelerationRateNormal NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);

UIKIT_EXTERN const CGFloat UIScrollViewDecelerationRateFast NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);

@class UIEvent, UIImageView, UIPanGestureRecognizer, UIPinchGestureRecognizer;

@protocol UIScrollViewDelegate;

NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(2_0) @interface UIScrollView : UIView <NSCoding>

@property(nonatomic)         CGPoint                      contentOffset;                  // default CGPointZero

@property(nonatomic)         CGSize                       contentSize;                    // default CGSizeZero

@property(nonatomic)         UIEdgeInsets                 contentInset;                   // default UIEdgeInsetsZero. add additional scroll area around content

@property(nullable,nonatomic,weak) id<UIScrollViewDelegate>        delegate;                       // default nil. weak reference

@property(nonatomic,getter=isDirectionalLockEnabled) BOOL directionalLockEnabled;         // default NO. if YES, try to lock vertical or horizontal scrolling while dragging

@property(nonatomic)         BOOL                         bounces;                        // default YES. if YES, bounces past edge of content and back again

@property(nonatomic)         BOOL                         alwaysBounceVertical;           // default NO. if YES and bounces is YES, even if content is smaller than bounds, allow drag vertically

@property(nonatomic)         BOOL                         alwaysBounceHorizontal;         // default NO. if YES and bounces is YES, even if content is smaller than bounds, allow drag horizontally

@property(nonatomic,getter=isPagingEnabled) BOOL          pagingEnabled __TVOS_PROHIBITED;// default NO. if YES, stop on multiples of view bounds

@property(nonatomic,getter=isScrollEnabled) BOOL          scrollEnabled;                  // default YES. turn off any dragging temporarily

@property(nonatomic)         BOOL                         showsHorizontalScrollIndicator; // default YES. show indicator while we are tracking. fades out after tracking

@property(nonatomic)         BOOL                         showsVerticalScrollIndicator;   // default YES. show indicator while we are tracking. fades out after tracking

@property(nonatomic)         UIEdgeInsets                 scrollIndicatorInsets;          // default is UIEdgeInsetsZero. adjust indicators inside of insets

@property(nonatomic)         UIScrollViewIndicatorStyle   indicatorStyle;                 // default is UIScrollViewIndicatorStyleDefault

@property(nonatomic)         CGFloat                      decelerationRate NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);

- (void)setContentOffset:(CGPoint)contentOffset animated:(BOOL)animated;  // animate at constant velocity to new offset

- (void)scrollRectToVisible:(CGRect)rect animated:(BOOL)animated;         // scroll so rect is just visible (nearest edges). nothing if rect completely visible

- (void)flashScrollIndicators;             // displays the scroll indicators for a short time. This should be done whenever you bring the scroll view to front.

/*

 Scrolling with no scroll bars is a bit complex. on touch down, we don't know if the user will want to scroll or track a subview like a control.

 on touch down, we start a timer and also look at any movement. if the time elapses without sufficient change in position, we start sending events to

 the hit view in the content subview. if the user then drags far enough, we switch back to dragging and cancel any tracking in the subview.

 the methods below are called by the scroll view and give subclasses override points to add in custom behaviour.

 you can remove the delay in delivery of touchesBegan:withEvent: to subviews by setting delaysContentTouches to NO.

 */

@property(nonatomic,readonly,getter=isTracking)     BOOL tracking;        // returns YES if user has touched. may not yet have started dragging

@property(nonatomic,readonly,getter=isDragging)     BOOL dragging;        // returns YES if user has started scrolling. this may require some time and or distance to move to initiate dragging

@property(nonatomic,readonly,getter=isDecelerating) BOOL decelerating;    // returns YES if user isn't dragging (touch up) but scroll view is still moving

@property(nonatomic) BOOL delaysContentTouches;       // default is YES. if NO, we immediately call -touchesShouldBegin:withEvent:inContentView:. this has no effect on presses

@property(nonatomic) BOOL canCancelContentTouches;    // default is YES. if NO, then once we start tracking, we don't try to drag if the touch moves. this has no effect on presses

// override points for subclasses to control delivery of touch events to subviews of the scroll view

// called before touches are delivered to a subview of the scroll view. if it returns NO the touches will not be delivered to the subview

// this has no effect on presses

// default returns YES

- (BOOL)touchesShouldBegin:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(nullable UIEvent *)event inContentView:(UIView *)view;

// called before scrolling begins if touches have already been delivered to a subview of the scroll view. if it returns NO the touches will continue to be delivered to the subview and scrolling will not occur

// not called if canCancelContentTouches is NO. default returns YES if view isn't a UIControl

// this has no effect on presses

- (BOOL)touchesShouldCancelInContentView:(UIView *)view;

/*

 the following properties and methods are for zooming. as the user tracks with two fingers, we adjust the offset and the scale of the content. When the gesture ends, you should update the content

 as necessary. Note that the gesture can end and a finger could still be down. While the gesture is in progress, we do not send any tracking calls to the subview.

 the delegate must implement both viewForZoomingInScrollView: and scrollViewDidEndZooming:withView:atScale: in order for zooming to work and the max/min zoom scale must be different

 note that we are not scaling the actual scroll view but the 'content view' returned by the delegate. the delegate must return a subview, not the scroll view itself, from viewForZoomingInScrollview:

 */

@property(nonatomic) CGFloat minimumZoomScale;     // default is 1.0

@property(nonatomic) CGFloat maximumZoomScale;     // default is 1.0. must be > minimum zoom scale to enable zooming

@property(nonatomic) CGFloat zoomScale NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);            // default is 1.0

- (void)setZoomScale:(CGFloat)scale animated:(BOOL)animated NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);

- (void)zoomToRect:(CGRect)rect animated:(BOOL)animated NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);

@property(nonatomic) BOOL  bouncesZoom;          // default is YES. if set, user can go past min/max zoom while gesturing and the zoom will animate to the min/max value at gesture end

@property(nonatomic,readonly,getter=isZooming)       BOOL zooming;       // returns YES if user in zoom gesture

@property(nonatomic,readonly,getter=isZoomBouncing)  BOOL zoomBouncing;  // returns YES if we are in the middle of zooming back to the min/max value

// When the user taps the status bar, the scroll view beneath the touch which is closest to the status bar will be scrolled to top, but only if its `scrollsToTop` property is YES, its delegate does not return NO from `shouldScrollViewScrollToTop`, and it is not already at the top.

// On iPhone, we execute this gesture only if there's one on-screen scroll view with `scrollsToTop` == YES. If more than one is found, none will be scrolled.

@property(nonatomic) BOOL  scrollsToTop __TVOS_PROHIBITED;          // default is YES.

// Use these accessors to configure the scroll view's built-in gesture recognizers.

// Do not change the gestures' delegates or override the getters for these properties.

// Change `panGestureRecognizer.allowedTouchTypes` to limit scrolling to a particular set of touch types.

@property(nonatomic, readonly) UIPanGestureRecognizer *panGestureRecognizer NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(5_0);

// `pinchGestureRecognizer` will return nil when zooming is disabled.

@property(nullable, nonatomic, readonly) UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinchGestureRecognizer NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(5_0);

// `directionalPressGestureRecognizer` is disabled by default, but can be enabled to perform scrolling in response to up / down / left / right arrow button presses directly, instead of scrolling indirectly in response to focus updates.

@property(nonatomic, readonly) UIGestureRecognizer *directionalPressGestureRecognizer UIKIT_AVAILABLE_TVOS_ONLY(9_0);

@property(nonatomic) UIScrollViewKeyboardDismissMode keyboardDismissMode NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0); // default is UIScrollViewKeyboardDismissModeNone

@property (nonatomic, strong, nullable) UIRefreshControl *refreshControl NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(10_0) __TVOS_PROHIBITED;

@end

@protocol UIScrollViewDelegate<NSObject>

@optional

- (void)scrollViewDidScroll:(UIScrollView *)scrollView;                                               // any offset changes

- (void)scrollViewDidZoom:(UIScrollView *)scrollView NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_2); // any zoom scale changes

// called on start of dragging (may require some time and or distance to move)

- (void)scrollViewWillBeginDragging:(UIScrollView *)scrollView;

// called on finger up if the user dragged. velocity is in points/millisecond. targetContentOffset may be changed to adjust where the scroll view comes to rest

- (void)scrollViewWillEndDragging:(UIScrollView *)scrollView withVelocity:(CGPoint)velocity targetContentOffset:(inout CGPoint*)targetContentOffset NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(5_0);

// called on finger up if the user dragged. decelerate is true if it will continue moving afterwards

- (void)scrollViewDidEndDragging:(UIScrollView *)scrollView willDecelerate:(BOOL)decelerate;

- (void)scrollViewWillBeginDecelerating:(UIScrollView *)scrollView;   // called on finger up as we are moving

- (void)scrollViewDidEndDecelerating:(UIScrollView *)scrollView;      // called when scroll view grinds to a halt

- (void)scrollViewDidEndScrollingAnimation:(UIScrollView *)scrollView; // called when setContentOffset/scrollRectVisible:animated: finishes. not called if not animating

- (nullable UIView *)viewForZoomingInScrollView:(UIScrollView *)scrollView;     // return a view that will be scaled. if delegate returns nil, nothing happens

- (void)scrollViewWillBeginZooming:(UIScrollView *)scrollView withView:(nullable UIView *)view NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_2); // called before the scroll view begins zooming its content

- (void)scrollViewDidEndZooming:(UIScrollView *)scrollView withView:(nullable UIView *)view atScale:(CGFloat)scale; // scale between minimum and maximum. called after any 'bounce' animations

- (BOOL)scrollViewShouldScrollToTop:(UIScrollView *)scrollView;   // return a yes if you want to scroll to the top. if not defined, assumes YES

- (void)scrollViewDidScrollToTop:(UIScrollView *)scrollView;      // called when scrolling animation finished. may be called immediately if already at top

@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

//最常用的三个属性

@property(nonatomic)         CGPoint                      contentOffset;                  // default CGPointZero

@property(nonatomic)         CGSize                       contentSize;                    // default CGSizeZero

@property(nonatomic)         UIEdgeInsets                 contentInset;                   // default UIEdgeInsetsZero. add additional 

contentOffset一般用来显示当前UIScrollView滚动到的位置.

contentSize是可以滚动的范围.

contentInset是滚动范围旁边能够多移动的范围(有上下左右):

bounces是弹性效果.不能弹就赋值为NO即可.

pagingEnabled是是否分页.就像那个图片轮播器一样.松手就不会停在中间.只会停在分页上

@property(nonatomic,getter=isScrollEnabled) BOOL          scrollEnabled;                  // default YES. turn off any dragging temporarily

@property(nonatomic)         BOOL                         showsHorizontalScrollIndicator; // default YES. show indicator while we are tracking. fades out after tracking

@property(nonatomic)         BOOL                         showsVerticalScrollIndicator;   // default YES. show indicator while we are 

scrollEnabled:是否能滚动.

下面两个show是是否开启滚动条(看英文,一个是垂直方向的.一个是水平方向的).