一个简单的C++内存泄漏检测程序

来源:互联网 发布:淘宝店铺名儿 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/05/12 10:47

基本思路就是跟踪程序中的malloc和free调用,然后检测是否有漏掉的free调用,代码如下:

MemCheck.h

#ifndef __MEM_CHECK_H__#define __MEM_CHECK_H__#include <cstddef>void* _Malloc_Trace_Call_(std::size_t MemSize, const char* SourceFile, int LineNumber, std::size_t Alignment = 0);void _Free_Trace_Call_(void* Ptr, std::size_t Alignment = 0);void DumpMemoryInfo();#undef malloc#define malloc(Size) _Malloc_Trace_Call_(Size, __FILE__, __LINE__)#undef free#define free(Ptr) _Free_Trace_Call_(Ptr)#undef _mm_malloc#define _mm_malloc(Size, Alignment) _Malloc_Trace_Call_(Size, __FILE__, __LINE__, Alignment)#undef _mm_free#define _mm_free(Ptr) _Free_Trace_Call_(Ptr, 1)#endif

MemCheck.cpp

#include <iostream>#include <cstdlib>#include <map>#include <mutex>#include "MemCheck.h"#undef malloc#undef free#undef _mm_malloc#undef _mm_freenamespace{struct MemInfo{MemInfo(std::size_t _Size, const char* _SourceFile, int _LineNumber):Size(_Size), SourceFile(_SourceFile), LineNumber(_LineNumber){}std::size_tSize;const char*SourceFile;intLineNumber;};std::map<void*, MemInfo> g_MemInfoMap;std::size_t g_TotalMemAllocation = 0;std::size_t g_TotalMemDeallocation = 0;std::mutex g_Mutex;}void* _Malloc_Trace_Call_(std::size_t MemSize, const char* SourceFile, int LineNumber, std::size_t Alignment ){void* Ptr = nullptr;std::lock_guard<std::mutex> Locker(g_Mutex);if (Alignment > 0){Ptr = _aligned_malloc(MemSize, Alignment);}else{Ptr = malloc(MemSize);}if (Ptr != nullptr){g_MemInfoMap.emplace(Ptr, MemInfo(MemSize, SourceFile, LineNumber));g_TotalMemAllocation += MemSize;return Ptr;}else{throw std::bad_alloc();}}void _Free_Trace_Call_(void* Ptr, std::size_t Alignment ){std::lock_guard<std::mutex> Locker(g_Mutex);auto Iter = g_MemInfoMap.find(Ptr);if (Iter != g_MemInfoMap.cend()){if (Alignment > 0)_aligned_free(Ptr);elsefree(Ptr);g_TotalMemDeallocation += Iter->second.Size;g_MemInfoMap.erase(Iter);}else{std::cout << "Attempt to delete invalid ptr: " << std::ios::hex << Ptr << std::endl;}}void DumpMemoryInfo(){using std::cout;using std::endl;cout << "Total memeory allocation: " << g_TotalMemAllocation << " Bytes" << endl;cout << "Total memory deallocation: " << g_TotalMemDeallocation << " Bytes" << endl;if (g_MemInfoMap.size() > 0){cout << "Memory leak detected: " << g_TotalMemAllocation - g_TotalMemDeallocation << " Bytes" << endl;for (auto const& Iter : g_MemInfoMap){auto const& Info = Iter.second;cout << Info.SourceFile << "\tLine: " << Info.LineNumber << "\tSize: " << Info.Size  << "\tAddress: " << std::ios::hex << Iter.first << endl;}}}

几个小细节:

除了基本的malloc和free,还需要跟踪对aligned malloc的调用,因为有时候必须使用对齐的内存,这一部分不能漏掉。

跟踪函数需要加锁防止多线程环境下出现bug


测试代码:

#include "MemCheck.h"using namespace std;int main(){void* p1 = malloc(10);void* p2 = malloc(20);void* p3 = malloc(30);free(p3);free(p2);DumpMemoryInfo();return 0;}


输出:

Total memeory allocation: 60 Bytes
Total memory deallocation: 50 Bytes
Memory leak detected: 10 Bytes
main.cpp    Line: 6        Size: 10        Address: 204800E66128


在使用的时候,需要把MemCheck.h头文件放在所有的头文件最后。因为我们只想检测自己程序中的内存泄漏,不需要其它库中的内存分配信息。

这个程序只能检测malloc和free的调用,对于new和delete,情况会棘手一些。对于new的调用,可以像malloc一样用宏替换掉,然后调用自定义的operator new。比如可以这么写:

void* operator new(std::size_t MemSize, const char* SourceFile, std::size_t LineNumber);void* operator new[](std::size_t MemSize, const char* SourceFile, std::size_t LineNumber);#define new new (__FILE__, __LINE__)

对于delete,由于目前C++ 的operator delete只能传递一个指针参数,所以只能重载全局的::operator delete。但如果重载了全局delete,所有的调用都会被影响,例如STL容器的默认分配器std::allocator中就使用了全局::operator delete,这样其他库中的内存信息就会干扰检测结果。

一种不太雅观的方法就是所有需要检测new和delete的Class都继承一个基类,然后这个基类重载new和delete记录分配信息,这样就不会影响到其他库

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