Android底部导航栏—RadioButton+Fragment
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简单拓展RadioButton控件使用
如果不看这些,就直接下托
RadioButton和CheckBox的区别:
1、单个RadioButton在选中后,通过点击无法变为未选中
单个CheckBox在选中后,通过点击可以变为未选中
2、一组RadioButton,只能同时选中一个
一组CheckBox,能同时选中多个
3、RadioButton在大部分UI框架中默认都以圆形表示
CheckBox在大部分UI框架中默认都以矩形表示
RadioButton和RadioGroup的关系:
1、RadioButton表示单个圆形单选框,而RadioGroup是可以容纳多个RadioButton的容器
2、每个RadioGroup中的RadioButton同时只能有一个被选中
3、不同的RadioGroup中的RadioButton互不相干,即如果组A中有一个选中了,组B中依然可以有一个被选中
4、大部分场合下,一个RadioGroup中至少有2个RadioButton
5、大部分场合下,一个RadioGroup中的RadioButton默认会有一个被选中,并建议您将它放在RadioGroup中的起始位置
简单代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="请选择您的性别:" android:textSize="9pt" /> <RadioGroup android:id="@+id/radioGroup" android:contentDescription="性别" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <RadioButton android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/radioMale" android:text="男" android:checked="true"></RadioButton> <RadioButton android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/radioFemale" android:text="女"></RadioButton> </RadioGroup> <TextView android:id="@+id/tvSex" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="您的性别是:男" android:textSize="9pt" /> </LinearLayout>
选中项变更的事件监听:
当RadioGroup中的选中项变更后,您可能需要做一些相应,比如上述例子中,性别选择“女”后下面的本文也相应改变,又或者选择不同的性别后,出现符合该性别的头像列表进行更新,女生不会喜欢使用大胡子作为自己的头像。
TextView tv = null;//根据不同选项所要变更的文本控件 @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); //根据ID找到该文本控件 tv = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.tvSex); //根据ID找到RadioGroup实例 RadioGroup group = (RadioGroup)this.findViewById(R.id.radioGroup); //绑定一个匿名监听器 group.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new OnCheckedChangeListener() { @Override public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup arg0, int arg1) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //获取变更后的选中项的ID int radioButtonId = arg0.getCheckedRadioButtonId(); //根据ID获取RadioButton的实例 RadioButton rb = (RadioButton)MyActiviy.this.findViewById(radioButtonId); //更新文本内容,以符合选中项 tv.setText("您的性别是:" + rb.getText()); } }); }
进入主题
项目中有许多地方用到了RadioGroup和Fragment组合实现切换类似于微博、微信底部的切换
案例1彷微信底部栏
ViewPager+RadioGroup+Fragment 超高仿微信主界面,可通过左右滑动或点击底部RadioButton切换
activity_main.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <RadioGroup android:id="@+id/radiogroup" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="55dp" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:background="@color/white"> <RadioButton android:id="@+id/rb_chat" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:drawableTop="@drawable/rb_chat_selector" android:checked="true" android:text="@string/radiobutton_wechat" style="@style/style_RadioButton"/> <RadioButton android:id="@+id/rb_contacts" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:drawableTop="@drawable/rb_contacts_selector" android:text="@string/radiobutton_contacts" style="@style/style_RadioButton"/> <RadioButton android:id="@+id/rb_discovery" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:drawableTop="@drawable/rb_discovery_selector" android:text="@string/radiobutton_discovery" style="@style/style_RadioButton"/> <RadioButton android:id="@+id/rb_me" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:drawableTop="@drawable/rb_me_selector" android:text="@string/radiobutton_me" style="@style/style_RadioButton"/> </RadioGroup> <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager android:id="@+id/viewPager" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_above="@id/radiogroup" /> </RelativeLayout>
style.xml
<resources> <!-- Base application theme. --> <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar"> <!-- Customize your theme here. --> </style> <style name="style_RadioButton"> <item name="android:button">@null</item> <item name="android:layout_weight">0.25</item> <item name="android:gravity">center</item> <item name="android:textColor">@color/rb_foucs_color</item> <item name="android:textSize">12sp</item> <item name="android:paddingTop">5dp</item> </style> </resources>
MainActivity.Java
package com.example.administrator.first.activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v4.app.Fragment; import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity; import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager; import android.widget.RadioButton; import android.widget.RadioGroup; import com.example.administrator.first.R; import com.example.administrator.first.adapter.myFragmentPagerAdapter; import com.example.administrator.first.fragment.ContactsFragment; import com.example.administrator.first.fragment.DiscoveryFragment; import com.example.administrator.first.fragment.MeFragment; import com.example.administrator.first.fragment.WeChatFragment; import java.util.ArrayList; public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity{ private ViewPager mPager; private RadioGroup mGroup; private RadioButton rbChat,rbContacts,rbDiscovery,rbMe; private ArrayList<Fragment> fragmentList; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); //初始化界面组件 initView(); //初始化ViewPager initViewPager(); } private void initView(){ mPager=(ViewPager)findViewById(R.id.viewPager); mGroup=(RadioGroup)findViewById(R.id.radiogroup); rbChat=(RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.rb_chat); rbContacts=(RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.rb_contacts); rbDiscovery=(RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.rb_discovery); rbMe=(RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.rb_me); //RadioGroup选中状态改变监听 mGroup.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new myCheckChangeListener()); } private void initViewPager(){ WeChatFragment weChatFragment=new WeChatFragment(); ContactsFragment contactsFragment=new ContactsFragment(); DiscoveryFragment discoveryFragment=new DiscoveryFragment(); MeFragment meFragment=new MeFragment(); fragmentList=new ArrayList<Fragment>(); fragmentList.add(weChatFragment); fragmentList.add(contactsFragment); fragmentList.add(discoveryFragment); fragmentList.add(meFragment); //ViewPager设置适配器 mPager.setAdapter(new myFragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(), fragmentList)); //ViewPager显示第一个Fragment mPager.setCurrentItem(0); //ViewPager页面切换监听 mPager.setOnPageChangeListener(new myOnPageChangeListener()); } /** *RadioButton切换Fragment */ private class myCheckChangeListener implements RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener{ @Override public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) { switch (checkedId){ case R.id.rb_chat: //ViewPager显示第一个Fragment且关闭页面切换动画效果 mPager.setCurrentItem(0,false); break; case R.id.rb_contacts: mPager.setCurrentItem(1,false); break; case R.id.rb_discovery: mPager.setCurrentItem(2,false); break; case R.id.rb_me: mPager.setCurrentItem(3,false); break; } } } /** *ViewPager切换Fragment,RadioGroup做相应变化 */ private class myOnPageChangeListener implements ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener{ @Override public void onPageScrolled(int position, float positionOffset, int positionOffsetPixels) { } @Override public void onPageSelected(int position) { switch (position){ case 0: mGroup.check(R.id.rb_chat); break; case 1: mGroup.check(R.id.rb_contacts); break; case 2: mGroup.check(R.id.rb_discovery); break; case 3: mGroup.check(R.id.rb_me); break; } } @Override public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state) { } } }
myFragmentPagerAdapter
package com.example.administrator.first.adapter; import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager; import android.support.v4.app.Fragment; import android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter; import java.util.ArrayList; /** * Created by Administrator on 2015/6/24. */ public class myFragmentPagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter { ArrayList<Fragment> list; public myFragmentPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm, ArrayList<Fragment> list){ super(fm); this.list=list; } @Override public Fragment getItem(int position) { return list.get(position); } @Override public int getCount() { return list.size(); } }
拓展:
在MainActivity中实例化各个Fragment和RadioButton和RadioParent的控件,设置好监听器。在这里我定义了一个switchFragment()的方法,判断切换的Fragment是否已经添加过,避免每一次切换Fragment的时候都调用add()或者replace(),而是通过hide()和show(),减少频繁地创建新的实例。
private void switchFragment(Fragment fragment) { //判断当前显示的Fragment是不是切换的Fragment if(mFragment != fragment) { //判断切换的Fragment是否已经添加过 if (!fragment.isAdded()) { //如果没有,则先把当前的Fragment隐藏,把切换的Fragment添加上 getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().hide(mFragment) .add(R.id.main_fragment,fragment).commit(); } else { //如果已经添加过,则先把当前的Fragment隐藏,把切换的Fragment显示出来 getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().hide(mFragment).show(fragment).commit(); } mFragment = fragment; } }
案例2底部栏
实现思路
从图我们基本猜到基本思路如下:
底部选项卡可以使用3个RadioButton组成,并绑定相关的监听器以监听tab切换。
选项卡的上面的部分为一个容器(FrameLayout)以存取3个fragment,可以在tab绑定的监听器中去控制fragment的显示。
布局文件
R.layout.activity_main
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" > <RadioGroup android:id="@+id/ll_rbtn_contain" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:gravity="center" android:orientation="horizontal" > <RadioButton android:id="@+id/rb_first" style="@style/tab_style" android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_first_background" android:text="first" android:textColor="@color/radio_colors" /> <RadioButton android:id="@+id/rb_second" style="@style/tab_style" android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_second_background" android:text="second" android:textColor="@color/radio_colors" /> <RadioButton android:id="@+id/rb_thrid" style="@style/tab_style" android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_third_background" android:text="thrid" android:textColor="@color/radio_colors" /> </RadioGroup> <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/fl_contain" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_above="@id/ll_rbtn_contain" android:layout_alignParentTop="true" > </FrameLayout></RelativeLayout>
根视图为相对布局以控制RadioGroup在底部,FrameLayout在RadioGroup的上面
设置选项卡Style
每个RadioButton都设置了统一的tab_style
<!-- 底部Tab按钮样式 --><style name="tab_style"> <item name="android:textSize">12sp</item> <item name="android:gravity">center</item> <item name="android:background">@drawable/home_btn_bg</item> <item name="android:layout_width">fill_parent</item> <item name="android:layout_height">wrap_content</item> <item name="android:button">@null</item> <item name="android:paddingTop">2dp</item> <item name="android:singleLine">true</item> <item name="android:layout_weight">1.0</item></style>
设置选项卡icon的背景
每个radioButton都设置了Android:drawableTop属性,只要创建三个drawable文件即可 eg :tab_first_background.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <item android:drawable="@drawable/first_pressed" android:state_pressed="true"/> <item android:drawable="@drawable/first_pressed" android:state_checked="true"/> <item android:drawable="@drawable/first_normal"/></selector>
设置选项卡title的背景
除了选显卡对应的icon要改变外,其对应的title的字体颜色也要随之改变。注意要在res下创建color文件夹并将颜色状态配置文件放在此文件夹下。eg:radio_colors.xml
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <item android:state_pressed="true" android:color="@color/orange_color"/> <item android:state_checked="true" android:color="@color/orange_color"/> <item android:color="#aaaaaa" /></selector>
Main.java
package com.example.tabapp;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;import android.widget.CompoundButton;import android.widget.CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener;import android.widget.FrameLayout;import android.widget.RadioButton;public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements OnCheckedChangeListener{ //三个选项卡 private RadioButton mRBtnFrist; private RadioButton mRBtnSecond; private RadioButton mRBtnThrid; //存放fragment对应的容器 private FrameLayout mFragmentContain; private TabFragment mFirstFragment; private TabFragment mSecondFragment; private TabFragment mThirdFragment; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mFragmentContain = (FrameLayout)findViewById(R.id.fl_contain); mRBtnFrist = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.rb_first); mRBtnSecond = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.rb_second); mRBtnThrid = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.rb_thrid); mRBtnThrid.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this); mRBtnThrid.performClick();//此处设置默认第三个选项卡对应的fragment显示 mRBtnFrist.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this); mRBtnSecond.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this); } @Override public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) { if (isChecked) { //用户当前浏览的选项卡 int checkedWidgetId = buttonView.getId(); mRBtnFrist.setChecked(checkedWidgetId == R.id.rb_first); mRBtnSecond.setChecked(checkedWidgetId == R.id.rb_second); mRBtnThrid.setChecked(checkedWidgetId == R.id.rb_thrid); showFragment(checkedWidgetId); }else { //此处记录了用户上次浏览的选项卡 String unCheckFragmentTag = getTagById(buttonView.getId()); TabFragment unCheckFragment = (TabFragment)getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(unCheckFragmentTag); if(unCheckFragment != null){ //隐藏上次显示到fragment,确保fragment不会重叠 getSupportFragmentManager() .beginTransaction() .hide(unCheckFragment) .commit(); } } } /** * 显示对应的fragment * @param checkedRadioBtnId */ private void showFragment(int checkedRadioBtnId){ String tag = getTagById(checkedRadioBtnId); TabFragment mainFragment = (TabFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(tag); if(mainFragment == null){ //如果没有找到对应的fragment则生成一个新的fragment,并添加到容器中 TabFragment newFragment = new TabFragment(tag); getSupportFragmentManager() .beginTransaction() .add(R.id.fl_contain, newFragment, tag) .commit(); }else { //如果找到了fragment则显示它 getSupportFragmentManager() .beginTransaction() .show(mainFragment) .commit(); } } /** * 为三个fragment分别取三个不同到tag名 * @param widgetId * @return */ private String getTagById(int widgetId){ if(widgetId == R.id.rb_first){ return "first"; }else if(widgetId == R.id.rb_second){ return "second"; }else { return "thrid"; } }}
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