Servlet基础
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1、什么是Servlet
2、Tomcat容器等级
3、手工编写第一个Servlet
4、使用MyEclipse编写Servlet
5、Servlet生命周期
6、Servlet获取九大内置对象
7、Servlet与表单
8、Servlet路劲跳转
怎样获取
out
resp.getWriter
request
service方法中的req参数
response
service方法中的resp参数
session
req.getSession（）函数
application
getServletContext（）函数
exception
Throwable
page
this
pageContext
PageContext
Config
getServletConfig函数
七、Servlet与表单
Users.java
八、Servlet路劲跳转
绝对路劲：放之四海而皆准的路劲
相对路径：相对于当前资源的路径
test.jsp
TestServlet.java
2、Tomcat容器等级
3、手工编写第一个Servlet
4、使用MyEclipse编写Servlet
5、Servlet生命周期
6、Servlet获取九大内置对象
7、Servlet与表单
8、Servlet路劲跳转
9、阶段项目
一、什么是Servlet？
jsp的前身就是Servlet
Servlet是在服务器上运行的小程序。一个Servlet就是一个Java类，并且可以通过“请求-响应”编程模型来访问这个驻留在服务器内存里的Servlet程序。
二、Tomcat容器等级
Tomcat的容器分为四个等级，Servlet的容器管理Context容器，一个Context对应一个Web工程。
Engine：引擎容器
HOST：主机容器
三、手工编写第一个Servlet
步骤：
1、继承HttpServlet
2、重写doGet（）或者doPost（）方法
3、在web.xml中注册Servlet
在eclipse中重写doGet（）和doPost（）方法：单击右键——Source——Override/Implement Methods...
@override注解：表示重写从父类继承过来的方法
四、使用MyEclipse编写Servlet
步骤：
1、src——new——Servlet
2、重写doGet（）或者doPost（）
3、部署运行
localhost是服务器主机名，也可以是IP地址127.0.0.1；
8080是tomcat服务器的端口号；
五、Servlet生命周期
servlet执行的流程：
Get方式请求HelloServlet——<a href="servlet/HelloServlet">
Servlet生命周期:
1、初始化阶段，调用init（）方法
2、响应客户端的的请求阶段，调用service（）方法。有service（）方法根据提交方式选择执行doGet（）或者doPost（）方法
3、终止阶段，调用destroy（）方法
servlet生命周期阶段包括初始化、加载、实例化、服务和销毁。
编写Servlet的doPost方法时，需要抛出ServletExcpetion和IOException异常
在下列时刻Servlet容器装载Servlet：
（1）Servlet容器启动时自动装载某些Servlet，实现它只需要在web.xml文件中<Servlet></Servlet>之间添加如下代码：
<loadon-startup>1</loadon-startup>数字越小表示优先级别越高。
（2）在Servlet容器启动后，客户端首次向Servlet发送请求。
（3）Servlet类文件被更新后，重新装载Servlet。
（4）Servlet被装载后，Servlet容器创建一个Servlet实例并且调用Servlet的init（）方法进行初始化。在Servlet的整个生命周期内，init（）方法只被调用一次。
六、Servlet获取九大内置对象
怎样获取
out
resp.getWriter
request
service方法中的req参数
response
service方法中的resp参数
session
req.getSession（）函数
application
getServletContext（）函数
exception
Throwable
page
this
pageContext
PageContext
Config
getServletConfig函数
七、Servlet与表单
reg.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'reg.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"><meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"><!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">--> <style type="text/css"> .label{ width: 20% } .controler{ width: 80% } </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/Calendar3.js"></script> </head> <body> <h1>用户注册</h1> <hr> <form name="regForm" action="servlet/RegServlet" method="post" > <table border="0" width="800" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td class="lalel">用户名：</td> <td class="controler"><input type="text" name="username" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">密码：</td> <td class="controler"><input type="password" name="mypassword" ></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">确认密码：</td> <td class="controler"><input type="password" name="confirmpass" ></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">电子邮箱：</td> <td class="controler"><input type="text" name="email" ></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">性别：</td> <td class="controler"><input type="radio" name="gender" checked="checked" value="Male">男<input type="radio" name="gender" value="Female">女</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">出生日期：</td> <td class="controler"> <input name="birthday" type="text" id="control_date" size="10" maxlength="10" onclick="new Calendar().show(this);" readonly="readonly" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">爱好：</td> <td class="controler"> <input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="nba"> NBA <input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="music"> 音乐 <input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="movie"> 电影 <input type="checkbox" name="favorite" value="internet"> 上网 </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">自我介绍：</td> <td class="controler"> <textarea name="introduce" rows="10" cols="40"></textarea> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="label">接受协议：</td> <td class="controler"> <input type="checkbox" name="flag" value="true">是否接受霸王条款 </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"> <input type="submit" value="注册"/> <input type="reset" value="取消"/> </td> </tr> </table></form> </body></html>userinfo.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*,java.text.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'userinfo.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"><meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"><!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">--> <style type="text/css"> .title{ width: 30%; background-color: #CCC; font-weight: bold; } .content{ width:70%; background-color: #CBCFE5; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>用户信息</h1> <hr> <center> <jsp:useBean id="regUser" class="entity.Users" scope="session"/> <table width="600" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="1"> <tr> <td class="title">用户名：</td> <td class="content"> <jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="username"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title">密码：</td> <td class="content"> <jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="mypassword"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title">性别：</td> <td class="content"> <jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="gender"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title">E-mail：</td> <td class="content"> <jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="email"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title">出生日期：</td> <td class="content"> <% SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日"); String date = sdf.format(regUser.getBirthday()); %> <%=date%> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title">爱好：</td> <td class="content"> <% String[] favorites = regUser.getFavorites(); for(String f:favorites) { %> <%=f%> <% } %> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title">自我介绍：</td> <td class="content"> <jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="introduce"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title">是否介绍协议：</td> <td class="content"> <jsp:getProperty name="regUser" property="flag"/></td> </tr> </table> </center> </body></html>Calendar3.js
/////////////////////////调用实例// <div>// <span>交易查询：</span> <span>从// <input name="control_date" type="text" id="control_date" size="10"// maxlength="10" onclick="new Calendar().show(this);" readonly="readonly" />// <input type="button" name="button" id="button" value="button" onclick="new Calendar().show(this.form.control_date);" /></span>// <span>至// <input name="control_date2" type="text" id="control_date2" size="10"// maxlength="10" onclick="new Calendar().show(this);" readonly="readonly" />// <input type="button" name="button" id="button1" value="button" onclick="new Calendar().show(this.form.control_date2);" /></span>// </div>//<!--/** * Calendar * @param beginYear 1990 * @param endYear 2010 * @param language 0(zh_cn)|1(en_us)|2(en_en)|3(zh_tw) * @param patternDelimiter "-" * @param date2StringPattern "yyyy-MM-dd" * @param string2DatePattern "ymd" * @version 1.0 build 2006-04-01 * @version 1.1 build 2006-12-17 * @author KimSoft (jinqinghua [at] gmail.com) * NOTE! you can use it free, but keep the copyright please * IMPORTANT:you must include this script file inner html body elment */function Calendar(beginYear, endYear, language, patternDelimiter, date2StringPattern, string2DatePattern) {this.beginYear = beginYear || 1990;this.endYear = endYear || 2020;this.language = language || 0;this.patternDelimiter = patternDelimiter || "-";this.date2StringPattern = date2StringPattern || Calendar.language["date2StringPattern"][this.language].replace(/\-/g, this.patternDelimiter);this.string2DatePattern = string2DatePattern || Calendar.language["string2DatePattern"][this.language];this.dateControl = null;this.panel = this.getElementById("__calendarPanel");this.iframe = window.frames["__calendarIframe"];this.form = null;this.date = new Date();this.year = this.date.getFullYear();this.month = this.date.getMonth();this.colors = {"bg_cur_day":"#00CC33","bg_over":"#EFEFEF","bg_out":"#FFCC00"}};Calendar.language = {"year" : ["\u5e74", "", "", "\u5e74"],"months" : [["\u4e00\u6708","\u4e8c\u6708","\u4e09\u6708","\u56db\u6708","\u4e94\u6708","\u516d\u6708","\u4e03\u6708","\u516b\u6708","\u4e5d\u6708","\u5341\u6708","\u5341\u4e00\u6708","\u5341\u4e8c\u6708"],["JAN","FEB","MAR","APR","MAY","JUN","JUL","AUG","SEP","OCT","NOV","DEC"],["JAN","FEB","MAR","APR","MAY","JUN","JUL","AUG","SEP","OCT","NOV","DEC"],["\u4e00\u6708","\u4e8c\u6708","\u4e09\u6708","\u56db\u6708","\u4e94\u6708","\u516d\u6708","\u4e03\u6708","\u516b\u6708","\u4e5d\u6708","\u5341\u6708","\u5341\u4e00\u6708","\u5341\u4e8c\u6708"]],"weeks" : [["\u65e5","\u4e00","\u4e8c","\u4e09","\u56db","\u4e94","\u516d"],["Sun","Mon","Tur","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],["Sun","Mon","Tur","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],["\u65e5","\u4e00","\u4e8c","\u4e09","\u56db","\u4e94","\u516d"]],"clear" : ["\u6e05\u7a7a", "Clear", "Clear", "\u6e05\u7a7a"],"today" : ["\u4eca\u5929", "Today", "Today", "\u4eca\u5929"],"close" : ["\u5173\u95ed", "Close", "Close", "\u95dc\u9589"],"date2StringPattern" : ["yyyy-MM-dd", "yyyy-MM-dd", "yyyy-MM-dd", "yyyy-MM-dd"],"string2DatePattern" : ["ymd","ymd", "ymd", "ymd"]};Calendar.prototype.draw = function() {calendar = this;var _cs = [];_cs[_cs.length] = '<form id="__calendarForm" name="__calendarForm" method="post">';_cs[_cs.length] = '<table id="__calendarTable" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="1" align="center">';_cs[_cs.length] = ' <tr>';_cs[_cs.length] = ' <th><input class="l" name="goPrevMonthButton" type="button" id="goPrevMonthButton" value="<" \/><\/th>';_cs[_cs.length] = ' <th colspan="5"><select class="year" name="yearSelect" id="yearSelect"><\/select><select class="month" name="monthSelect" id="monthSelect"><\/select><\/th>';_cs[_cs.length] = ' <th><input class="r" name="goNextMonthButton" type="button" id="goNextMonthButton" value=">" \/><\/th>';_cs[_cs.length] = ' <\/tr>';_cs[_cs.length] = ' <tr>';for(var i = 0; i < 7; i++) {_cs[_cs.length] = '<th class="theader">';_cs[_cs.length] = Calendar.language["weeks"][this.language][i];_cs[_cs.length] = '<\/th>';}_cs[_cs.length] = '<\/tr>';for(var i = 0; i < 6; i++){_cs[_cs.length] = '<tr align="center">';for(var j = 0; j < 7; j++) {switch (j) {case 0: _cs[_cs.length] = '<td class="sun"> <\/td>'; break;case 6: _cs[_cs.length] = '<td class="sat"> <\/td>'; break;default:_cs[_cs.length] = '<td class="normal"> <\/td>'; break;}}_cs[_cs.length] = '<\/tr>';}_cs[_cs.length] = ' <tr>';_cs[_cs.length] = ' <th colspan="2"><input type="button" class="b" name="clearButton" id="clearButton" \/><\/th>';_cs[_cs.length] = ' <th colspan="3"><input type="button" class="b" name="selectTodayButton" id="selectTodayButton" \/><\/th>';_cs[_cs.length] = ' <th colspan="2"><input type="button" class="b" name="closeButton" id="closeButton" \/><\/th>';_cs[_cs.length] = ' <\/tr>';_cs[_cs.length] = '<\/table>';_cs[_cs.length] = '<\/form>';this.iframe.document.body.innerHTML = _cs.join("");this.form = this.iframe.document.forms["__calendarForm"];this.form.clearButton.value = Calendar.language["clear"][this.language];this.form.selectTodayButton.value = Calendar.language["today"][this.language];this.form.closeButton.value = Calendar.language["close"][this.language];this.form.goPrevMonthButton.onclick = function () {calendar.goPrevMonth(this);}this.form.goNextMonthButton.onclick = function () {calendar.goNextMonth(this);}this.form.yearSelect.onchange = function () {calendar.update(this);}this.form.monthSelect.onchange = function () {calendar.update(this);}this.form.clearButton.onclick = function () {calendar.dateControl.value = "";calendar.hide();}this.form.closeButton.onclick = function () {calendar.hide();}this.form.selectTodayButton.onclick = function () {var today = new Date();calendar.date = today;calendar.year = today.getFullYear();calendar.month = today.getMonth();calendar.dateControl.value = today.format(calendar.date2StringPattern);calendar.hide();}};Calendar.prototype.bindYear = function() {var ys = this.form.yearSelect;ys.length = 0;for (var i = this.beginYear; i <= this.endYear; i++){ys.options[ys.length] = new Option(i + Calendar.language["year"][this.language], i);}};Calendar.prototype.bindMonth = function() {var ms = this.form.monthSelect;ms.length = 0;for (var i = 0; i < 12; i++){ms.options[ms.length] = new Option(Calendar.language["months"][this.language][i], i);}};Calendar.prototype.goPrevMonth = function(e){if (this.year == this.beginYear && this.month == 0){return;}this.month--;if (this.month == -1) {this.year--;this.month = 11;}this.date = new Date(this.year, this.month, 1);this.changeSelect();this.bindData();};Calendar.prototype.goNextMonth = function(e){if (this.year == this.endYear && this.month == 11){return;}this.month++;if (this.month == 12) {this.year++;this.month = 0;}this.date = new Date(this.year, this.month, 1);this.changeSelect();this.bindData();};Calendar.prototype.changeSelect = function() {var ys = this.form.yearSelect;var ms = this.form.monthSelect;for (var i= 0; i < ys.length; i++){if (ys.options[i].value == this.date.getFullYear()){ys[i].selected = true;break;}}for (var i= 0; i < ms.length; i++){if (ms.options[i].value == this.date.getMonth()){ms[i].selected = true;break;}}};Calendar.prototype.update = function (e){this.year = e.form.yearSelect.options[e.form.yearSelect.selectedIndex].value;this.month = e.form.monthSelect.options[e.form.monthSelect.selectedIndex].value;this.date = new Date(this.year, this.month, 1);this.changeSelect();this.bindData();};Calendar.prototype.bindData = function () {var calendar = this;var dateArray = this.getMonthViewDateArray(this.date.getFullYear(), this.date.getMonth());var tds = this.getElementsByTagName("td", this.getElementById("__calendarTable", this.iframe.document));for(var i = 0; i < tds.length; i++) { tds[i].style.backgroundColor = calendar.colors["bg_over"];tds[i].onclick = null;tds[i].onmouseover = null;tds[i].onmouseout = null;tds[i].innerHTML = dateArray[i] || " ";if (i > dateArray.length - 1) continue;if (dateArray[i]){tds[i].onclick = function () {if (calendar.dateControl){calendar.dateControl.value = new Date(calendar.date.getFullYear(),calendar.date.getMonth(),this.innerHTML).format(calendar.date2StringPattern);}calendar.hide();}tds[i].onmouseover = function () {this.style.backgroundColor = calendar.colors["bg_out"];}tds[i].onmouseout = function () {this.style.backgroundColor = calendar.colors["bg_over"];}var today = new Date();if (today.getFullYear() == calendar.date.getFullYear()) {if (today.getMonth() == calendar.date.getMonth()) {if (today.getDate() == dateArray[i]) {tds[i].style.backgroundColor = calendar.colors["bg_cur_day"];tds[i].onmouseover = function () {this.style.backgroundColor = calendar.colors["bg_out"];}tds[i].onmouseout = function () {this.style.backgroundColor = calendar.colors["bg_cur_day"];}}}}}//end if}//end for};Calendar.prototype.getMonthViewDateArray = function (y, m) {var dateArray = new Array(42);var dayOfFirstDate = new Date(y, m, 1).getDay();var dateCountOfMonth = new Date(y, m + 1, 0).getDate();for (var i = 0; i < dateCountOfMonth; i++) {dateArray[i + dayOfFirstDate] = i + 1;}return dateArray;};Calendar.prototype.show = function (dateControl, popuControl) {if (this.panel.style.visibility == "visible") {this.panel.style.visibility = "hidden";}if (!dateControl){throw new Error("arguments[0] is necessary!")}this.dateControl = dateControl;popuControl = popuControl || dateControl;this.draw();this.bindYear();this.bindMonth();if (dateControl.value.length > 0){this.date = new Date(dateControl.value.toDate(this.patternDelimiter, this.string2DatePattern));this.year = this.date.getFullYear();this.month = this.date.getMonth();}this.changeSelect();this.bindData();var xy = this.getAbsPoint(popuControl);this.panel.style.left = xy.x + "px";this.panel.style.top = (xy.y + dateControl.offsetHeight) + "px";this.panel.style.visibility = "visible";};Calendar.prototype.hide = function() {this.panel.style.visibility = "hidden";};Calendar.prototype.getElementById = function(id, object){object = object || document;return document.getElementById ? object.getElementById(id) : document.all(id);};Calendar.prototype.getElementsByTagName = function(tagName, object){object = object || document;return document.getElementsByTagName ? object.getElementsByTagName(tagName) : document.all.tags(tagName);};Calendar.prototype.getAbsPoint = function (e){var x = e.offsetLeft;var y = e.offsetTop;while(e = e.offsetParent){x += e.offsetLeft;y += e.offsetTop;}return {"x": x, "y": y};};/** * @param d the delimiter * @param p the pattern of your date * @author meizz * @author kimsoft add w+ pattern */Date.prototype.format = function(style) {var o = {"M+" : this.getMonth() + 1, //month"d+" : this.getDate(), //day"h+" : this.getHours(), //hour"m+" : this.getMinutes(), //minute"s+" : this.getSeconds(), //second"w+" : "\u65e5\u4e00\u4e8c\u4e09\u56db\u4e94\u516d".charAt(this.getDay()), //week"q+" : Math.floor((this.getMonth() + 3) / 3), //quarter"S" : this.getMilliseconds() //millisecond}if (/(y+)/.test(style)) {style = style.replace(RegExp.$1, (this.getFullYear() + "").substr(4 - RegExp.$1.length));}for(var k in o){if (new RegExp("("+ k +")").test(style)){style = style.replace(RegExp.$1, RegExp.$1.length == 1 ? o[k] : ("00" + o[k]).substr(("" + o[k]).length));}}return style;};/** * @param d the delimiter * @param p the pattern of your date * @rebuilder kimsoft * @version build 2006.12.15 */String.prototype.toDate = function(delimiter, pattern) {delimiter = delimiter || "-";pattern = pattern || "ymd";var a = this.split(delimiter);var y = parseInt(a[pattern.indexOf("y")], 10);//remember to change this next century ;)if(y.toString().length <= 2) y += 2000;if(isNaN(y)) y = new Date().getFullYear();var m = parseInt(a[pattern.indexOf("m")], 10) - 1;var d = parseInt(a[pattern.indexOf("d")], 10);if(isNaN(d)) d = 1;return new Date(y, m, d);};document.writeln('<div id="__calendarPanel" style="position:absolute;visibility:hidden;z-index:9999;background-color:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid #666666;width:200px;height:216px;">');document.writeln('<iframe name="__calendarIframe" id="__calendarIframe" width="100%" height="100%" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="margin:0px;"><\/iframe>');var __ci = window.frames['__calendarIframe'];__ci.document.writeln('<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional\/\/EN" "http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/xhtml1\/DTD\/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">');__ci.document.writeln('<html xmlns="http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml">');__ci.document.writeln('<head>');__ci.document.writeln('<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text\/html; charset=utf-8" \/>');__ci.document.writeln('<title>Web Calendar(UTF-8) Written By KimSoft<\/title>');__ci.document.writeln('<style type="text\/css">');__ci.document.writeln('<!--');__ci.document.writeln('body {font-size:12px;margin:0px;text-align:center;}');__ci.document.writeln('form {margin:0px;}');__ci.document.writeln('select {font-size:12px;background-color:#EFEFEF;}');__ci.document.writeln('table {border:0px solid #CCCCCC;background-color:#FFFFFF}');__ci.document.writeln('th {font-size:12px;font-weight:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;}');__ci.document.writeln('th.theader {font-weight:normal;background-color:#666666;color:#FFFFFF;width:24px;}');__ci.document.writeln('select.year {width:64px;}');__ci.document.writeln('select.month {width:60px;}');__ci.document.writeln('td {font-size:12px;text-align:center;}');__ci.document.writeln('td.sat {color:#0000FF;background-color:#EFEFEF;}');__ci.document.writeln('td.sun {color:#FF0000;background-color:#EFEFEF;}');__ci.document.writeln('td.normal {background-color:#EFEFEF;}');__ci.document.writeln('input.l {border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;background-color:#EFEFEF;width:20px;height:20px;}');__ci.document.writeln('input.r {border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;background-color:#EFEFEF;width:20px;height:20px;}');__ci.document.writeln('input.b {border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;background-color:#EFEFEF;width:100%;height:20px;}');__ci.document.writeln('-->');__ci.document.writeln('<\/style>');__ci.document.writeln('<\/head>');__ci.document.writeln('<body>');__ci.document.writeln('<\/body>');__ci.document.writeln('<\/html>');__ci.document.close();document.writeln('<\/div>');var calendar = new Calendar();//-->Users.java
package entity;import java.util.Date;//用户实体类public class Users {private String username; //用户名private String mypassword; //密码private String email; //电子邮箱private String gender; //性别private Date birthday; //出生日期private String[] favorites; //爱好private String introduce; //自我介绍private boolean flag; //是否接受协议public Users(){}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getMypassword() {return mypassword;}public void setMypassword(String mypassword) {this.mypassword = mypassword;}public String getEmail() {return email;}public void setEmail(String email) {this.email = email;}public String getGender() {return gender;}public void setGender(String gender) {this.gender = gender;}public Date getBirthday() {return birthday;}public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday = birthday;}public String[] getFavorites() {return favorites;}public void setFavorites(String[] favorites) {this.favorites = favorites;}public String getIntroduce() {return introduce;}public void setIntroduce(String introduce) {this.introduce = introduce;}public boolean isFlag() {return flag;}public void setFlag(boolean flag) {this.flag = flag;}}package servlet;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Date;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import entity.Users;public class RegServlet extends HttpServlet {/** * Constructor of the object. */public RegServlet() {super();}/** * Destruction of the servlet. <br> */public void destroy() {super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log// Put your code here}/** * The doGet method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {doPost(request,response);}/** * The doPost method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");Users u = new Users();String username,mypassword,gender,email,introduce,flag;Date birthday;String[] favorites;SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");try{username = request.getParameter("username");mypassword = request.getParameter("mypassword");gender = request.getParameter("gender");email = request.getParameter("email");introduce = request.getParameter("introduce");birthday = sdf.parse(request.getParameter("birthday"));if(request.getParameterValues("flag")!=null){flag = request.getParameter("flag");}else{flag = "false";}//用来获取多个复选按钮的值favorites = request.getParameterValues("favorite");u.setUsername(username);u.setMypassword(mypassword);u.setGender(gender);u.setEmail(email);u.setFavorites(favorites);u.setIntroduce(introduce);if(flag.equals("true")){u.setFlag(true);}else{u.setFlag(false);}u.setBirthday(birthday);//把注册成功的用户对象保存在session中request.getSession().setAttribute("regUser", u);//跳转带注册成功页面request.getRequestDispatcher("../userinfo.jsp").forward(request,response);}catch(Exception ex){ex.printStackTrace();}}/** * Initialization of the servlet. <br> * * @throws ServletException if an error occurs */public void init() throws ServletException {// Put your code here}}<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <display-name></display-name> <servlet> <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description> <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name> <servlet-name>RegServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>servlet.RegServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>RegServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/RegServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list></web-app>
八、Servlet路劲跳转
绝对路劲：放之四海而皆准的路劲
相对路径：相对于当前资源的路径
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title><meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"><meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"><!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">--> </head> <body> <h1>Servlet路径跳转</h1> <hr> <!--使用相对路径访问HelloServlet --> <!-- /servlet/HelloServlet 第一个/表示服务器的根目录 --> <a href="servlet/HelloServlet">访问HelloServlet!</a><br> <!-- 使用绝对路径 访问HelloServlet,可以使用path变量:path变量表示项目的根目录--> <a href="<%=path%>/servlet/HelloServlet">访问HelloServlet!</a><br> <!--表单中action的URL地址写法，与超链接方式完全相同。 --> <a href="servlet/TestServlet">访问TestServlet,跳转到Test.jsp</a> </body></html>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <display-name></display-name> <servlet> <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description> <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name> <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet> <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description> <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name> <servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>servlet.TestServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name> <!--url-pattern处必须以/开头，这里的/表示项目的根目录 --> <url-pattern>/servlet/HelloServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/TestServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list></web-app>
test.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title><meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"><meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"><!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">--> </head> <body> <h1>Test.jsp</h1> <hr> </body></html>
package servlet;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {/** * Constructor of the object. */public HelloServlet() {super();}/** * Destruction of the servlet. <br> */public void destroy() {super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log// Put your code here}/** * The doGet method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {doPost(request,response);}/** * The doPost method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();out.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\">");out.println("<HTML>");out.println(" <HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>");out.println(" <BODY>");out.println("<h1>您好，我是HelloServlet!</h1>");out.println(" </BODY>");out.println("</HTML>");out.flush();out.close();}/** * Initialization of the servlet. <br> * * @throws ServletException if an error occurs */public void init() throws ServletException {// Put your code here}}TestServlet.java
package servlet;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {/** * Constructor of the object. */public TestServlet() {super();}/** * Destruction of the servlet. <br> */public void destroy() {super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log// Put your code here}/** * The doGet method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {doPost(request,response);}/** * The doPost method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException { //请求重定向方式跳转到test.jsp,当前路径是ServletPathDirection/servlet/ //response.sendRedirect("test.jsp"); //使用request.getContextPath获得上下文对象 //response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/test.jsp"); //服务器内部跳转,这里的斜线表示项目的根目录 //request.getRequestDispatcher("/test.jsp").forward(request, response); request.getRequestDispatcher("../test.jsp").forward(request, response);}/** * Initialization of the servlet. <br> * * @throws ServletException if an error occurs */public void init() throws ServletException {// Put your code here}}九、阶段项目
阶段案例：使用Servlet实现用户登录小例子。
用户名admin，密码admin，登录成功使用服务器内部转发到login_success.jsp页面，并且提示登录成功的用户名。如果登陆失败则请求重定向到login_failure.jsp页面。
login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%><% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><html><head><!-- Page title --><title>imooc - Login</title><!-- End of Page title --><!-- Libraries --><link type="text/css" href="css/login.css" rel="stylesheet" /><link type="text/css" href="css/smoothness/jquery-ui-1.7.2.custom.html" rel="stylesheet" /><script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.3.2.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/easyTooltip.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-ui-1.7.2.custom.min.js"></script><!-- End of Libraries --></head><body><div id="container"><div class="logo"><a href="#"><img src="assets/logo.png" alt="" /></a></div><div id="box"><form action="servlet/LoginServlet" method="post"><p class="main"><label>用户名: </label><input name="username" value="" /> <label>密码: </label><input type="password" name="password" value=""></p><p class="space"><input type="submit" value="登录" class="login" style="cursor: pointer;"/></p></form></div></div></body></html>login_success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%><% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><html><head><!-- Page title --><title>imooc - Login</title><!-- End of Page title --><!-- Libraries --><link type="text/css" href="css/login.css" rel="stylesheet" /><link type="text/css" href="css/smoothness/jquery-ui-1.7.2.custom.html" rel="stylesheet" /><script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.3.2.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/easyTooltip.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-ui-1.7.2.custom.min.js"></script><!-- End of Libraries --></head><body><div id="container"><div class="logo"><a href="#"><img src="assets/logo.png" alt="" /></a></div><div id="box"> <% String loginUser = ""; if(session.getAttribute("loginUser")!=null) { loginUser = session.getAttribute("loginUser").toString(); } %> 欢迎您<font color="red"><%=loginUser%></font>,登录成功！</div></div></body></html>login_failure.jsp<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%><% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><html><head><!-- Page title --><title>imooc - Login</title><!-- End of Page title --><!-- Libraries --><link type="text/css" href="css/login.css" rel="stylesheet" /><link type="text/css" href="css/smoothness/jquery-ui-1.7.2.custom.html" rel="stylesheet" /><script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.3.2.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/easyTooltip.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-ui-1.7.2.custom.min.js"></script><!-- End of Libraries --></head><body><div id="container"><div class="logo"><a href="#"><img src="assets/logo.png" alt="" /></a></div><div id="box"> 登录失败！请检查用户或者密码!<br> <a href="login.jsp">返回登录</a> </div></div></body></html>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <display-name></display-name> <servlet> <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description> <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name> <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>servlet.LoginServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/LoginServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list></web-app>Users.java
package com.po;//用户类public class Users {private String username;private String password;public Users(){}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}}LoginServlet.javapackage servlet;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import com.po.Users;public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {/** * Constructor of the object. */public LoginServlet() {super();}/** * Destruction of the servlet. <br> */public void destroy() {super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log// Put your code here}/** * The doGet method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {doPost(request,response);}/** * The doPost method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {Users u = new Users();String username = request.getParameter("username");String password = request.getParameter("password");u.setUsername(username);u.setPassword(password);//判断用户名和密码是否合法if(u.getUsername().equals("admin")&&u.getPassword().equals("admin")){response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/login_success.jsp");}else{response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/login_failure.jsp");}}/** * Initialization of the servlet. <br> * * @throws ServletException if an error occurs */public void init() throws ServletException {// Put your code here}} 1 0
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