linux shell中利用awk获取关键字符的用法，实例说明。

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1、busybox ifconfig wlan0

wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 3C:CF:5B:84:15:90

inet addr:192.168.1.115 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::3ecf:5bff:fe84:1590/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:4224 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:1016 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:525489 (513.1 KiB) TX bytes:67242 (65.6 KiB)

2、

awk 默认以空格作为分隔符

以"addr:"为分间隔。在“addr:”之前的数据为"$1","addr:"之后的数据为“$2”

命令：busybox ifconfig wlan0 | busybox awk -F'addr:' '{print $1}'

wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 3C:CF:5B:84:15:90

inet

inet6

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:4243 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:1016 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:527614 (515.2 KiB) TX bytes:67242 (65.6 KiB)

命令:busybox ifconfig wlan0 | busybox awk -F'addr:' '{print $2}'

192.168.1.115 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

fe80::3ecf:5bff:fe84:1590/64 Scope:Link

3、将"addr:" "Bcast:"都作为分隔符，看效果

命令：busybox ifconfig wlan0 | busybox awk -F'addr:|Bcast:' '{print $2}'

192.168.1.115

fe80::3ecf:5bff:fe84:1590/64 Scope:Link

命令:busybox ifconfig wlan0 | busybox awk -F'addr:|Bcast:' '{print $3}'

192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

4、打印出关键字的所在行的信息，默认以空格为分隔符

命令：busybox ifconfig wlan0 | busybox awk '/Mask/{print $1}'

inet

命令：busybox ifconfig wlan0 | busybox awk '/Bcast/{print $1}'

inet

命令：busybox ifconfig wlan0 | busybox awk '/Mask/{print $2}'

addr:192.168.1.115

命令：busybox ifconfig wlan0 | busybox awk '/Mask/{print $3}'

Bcast:192.168.1.255

命令：busybox ifconfig wlan0 | busybox awk -F'addr:' '/Mask/{print $2}'

192.168.1.115 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

命令：busybox ifconfig wlan0 | busybox awk -F'addr:|Bcast' '/Mask/{print $2}'

192.168.1.115 （空格）

5、可以通过tr命令删除某些字符

命令：lsmod

dwc_otg 281370 0 - Live 0x0000000000000000

aml_thermal 18163 0 - Live 0x0000000000000000 (O)

mali 195296 10 - Live 0x0000000000000000 (O)

aml_nftl_dev 82380 0 - Live 0x0000000000000000 (PO)

命令：lsmod | busybox tr -d "aml"

dwc_otg 281370 0 - Live 0x0000000000000000

_ther 18163 0 - Live 0x0000000000000000 (O)

i 195296 10 - Live 0x0000000000000000 (O)

_nft_dev 82380 0 - Live 0x0000000000000000 (PO)

将'a','m','l'字符都给删除了

6、busybox ifconfig wlan0 | busybox awk -F 'addr:|Bcast' '/Mask/{print $2}' | busybox tr -d " "

得到不含空格的IP地址：192.168.1.115

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