Ubuntu下ssh服务的安装

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Ubuntu默认并没有安装ssh服务，如果通过ssh远程连接到Ubuntu，需要自己手动安装ssh-server。
判断是否安装ssh服务，可以通过如下命令进行：
ps -e|grep ssh
输出如下：
~$ ps -e|grep ssh
2151 ? 00:00:00 ssh-agent

5313 ? 00:00:00 sshd

ssh-agent表示ssh-client启动，sshd表示ssh-server启动了。

如果缺少sshd，说明ssh服务没有启动或者没有安装。
安装ssh-client命令：sudo apt-get install openssh-client

安装ssh-server命令：sudo apt-get install openssh-server

安装完成以后，先启动服务：sudo /etc/init.d/ssh start
启动后，可以通过“ps -e|grep ssh”查看是否正确启动。

ssh服务默认的端口是22，可以更改端口，使用如下命令打开ssh配置文件：
sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

# Package generated configuration file   # See the sshd(8) manpage for details   # What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for  Port 22# Package generated configuration file# See the sshd(8) manpage for details# What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for

修改端口号（Port）后，重启ssh服务即可生效，命令如下：
sudo /etc/init.d/ssh restart

ssh服务启动后，即可登陆，登陆命令格式为：ssh 帐号@IP地址 -p
例如：ssh test@192.168.135.249 -p

可以通过SFTP工具进行登录

如:flashfxp 或者 FileZilla

配置ssh免密码登录

root@ubuntu:~/.ssh# ssh-keygen -t rsa  使用rsa加密Generating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:9e:32:c6:43:0c:37:92:29:be:cc:13:4a:23:c5:c4:5a root@ubuntuThe key's randomart image is:+--[ RSA 2048]----+| ..              || oE  o           || o+ = o          ||.o . = .         ||.oo   o S        ||o+.o o . .       ||. =   * o        ||   . . +         ||                 |+-----------------+root@ubuntu:~/.ssh# lsid_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts    --id_rsa私钥  id_rsa.pub 公钥root@ubuntu:~/.ssh# more id_rsa.pub ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCpxApV3r+YQztiDcS2aK0eRLZjawAT9fSXNaTRYHkGerVRdITYqBlJdYWSAyl8MQH4t5BxXTSt1iDl86fva87MWY5jKmoMPB/11uaB9SFC/Ir4Ym9mNmbIwsVfWxD810iEEHJO4zfaZ1Nbm+ALwvFGnwXAasT6P1vp0XTCYdtleeBWfX9RubA8NUrNm3XXRaWXX2+lba1vD4UZV1jrPWCf2TvAa0cMiiljIa8KX5mP9LQPxbskNzr1Q6cm3XrlAgGkIfUKR2VuJnajbC+wwuFP2r/iQqQ62BcyzgsDO5C8obR8IXlGGHfpwPNNtVaG15WTx3Rq6869eRlZCm/hKVi3 root@ubunturoot@ubuntu:~/.ssh# cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys    (ssh启动需要读取 用户目录/.ssh 文件中的 authorized_keys)root@ubuntu:~/.ssh# ls authorized_keys  id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts

测试是否可以直接登录

root@ubuntu:~/.ssh# ssh localhostWelcome to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 3.2.0-23-generic x86_64) * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/New release '14.04.5 LTS' available.Run 'do-release-upgrade' to upgrade to it.Last login: Mon Feb 20 16:27:36 2017 from myhost01.localroot@ubuntu:~# exitlogoutConnection to localhost closed.

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