[翻译]-Windows CE 程序设计 (3rd 版)--5.2 公共控件(四)

 

命令条设计指导
因为命令条是Windows CE应用程序中的一个主要元素，所以微软对如何使用它们给出了一个相当强的规则集合。这些规则中有许多规则同其它版本的Windows是类似的，例如对主菜单项的顺序的建议和对工具条提示的使用等。大部分规则已经成为Windows程序员的第二天性了。

菜单应该是命令条上最左边的项。主菜单项按从左到右的顺序依次为：文件（File）、视图（View）、插入（Insert）、格式（Format）、工具（Tools）和窗口（Windows）。当然，大部分应用都具有这些菜单项，这些菜单项的顺序应该遵循建议的顺序。对按钮来说，按从左到右的顺序是：用于文件操作的有新建(New)、打开(Open)、保存(Save)和打印(Print)；，用于字体风格的是粗体、斜体和下划线。

CmdBar示例程序
CmdBar示例演示了命令条的基本操作。在启动的时候，创建了一个只有菜单和关闭按钮的工具条。从[视图（view）]菜单里选择不同的项来创建不同的命令条，由此展示了命令条控件的性能。源代码如清单5-1所示。

清单5-1：CmdBar 程序
CmdBar.rc
//======================================================================
// Resource file
//
// Written for the book Programming Windows CE
// Copyright (C) 2003 Douglas Boling
//======================================================================
#include "windows.h"
#include "CmdBar.h"                    // Program-specific stuff
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Icons and bitmaps
//
ID_ICON       ICON   "cmdbar.ico"      // Program icon
DisCross      BITMAP "cross.bmp"       // Disabled button image
DisMask       BITMAP "mask.bmp"        // Disabled button image mask
SortDropBtn   BITMAP "sortdrop.bmp"    // Sort drop-down button image
  
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Menu
//
ID_MENU MENU DISCARDABLE
BEGIN
    POPUP "&File"
    BEGIN
        MENUITEM "E&xit",                       IDM_EXIT
    END
  
    POPUP "&View"
    BEGIN
        MENUITEM "&Standard",                   IDM_STDBAR
        MENUITEM "&View",                       IDM_VIEWBAR
        MENUITEM "&Combination",                IDM_COMBOBAR
    END
    POPUP "&Help"
    BEGIN
        MENUITEM "&About...",                   IDM_ABOUT
    END
END
  
popmenu MENU DISCARDABLE
BEGIN
    POPUP "&Sort"
    BEGIN
        MENUITEM "&Name",                       IDC_SNAME
        MENUITEM "&Type",                       IDC_STYPE
        MENUITEM "&Size",                       IDC_SSIZE
        MENUITEM "&Date",                       IDC_SDATE
    END
END
  
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// About box dialog template
//
aboutbox DIALOG discardable 10, 10, 160, 45
STYLE WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU |
       DS_CENTER | DS_MODALFRAME
CAPTION "About"
BEGIN
    ICON ID_ICON,                    -1,   5,   5, 10, 10
    LTEXT "CmdBar - Written for the book Programming Windows /
           CE Copyright 2003 Douglas Boling"
                                      -1, 40,   5, 110, 35
END
CmdBar.h
//======================================================================
// Header file
//
// Written for the book Programming Windows CE
// Copyright (C) 2003 Douglas Boling
//======================================================================
// Returns number of elements
#define dim(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof(x[0]))
  
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Generic defines and data types
//
struct decodeUINT {                             // Structure associates
    UINT Code;                                  // messages
                                                // with a function.
    LRESULT (*Fxn)(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
};
struct decodeCMD {                              // Structure associates
    UINT Code;                                  // menu IDs with a
    LRESULT (*Fxn)(HWND, WORD, HWND, WORD);     // function.
};
  
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Generic defines used by application
#define IDC_CMDBAR          1                  // Command band ID
#define ID_ICON             10                 // Icon resource ID
#define ID_MENU             11                 // Main menu resource ID
#define IDC_COMBO           12                 // Combo box on cmd bar ID
  
// Menu item IDs
#define IDM_EXIT            101                // File menu
#define IDM_STDBAR          111                // View menu
#define IDM_VIEWBAR         112
#define IDM_COMBOBAR        113
#define IDM_ABOUT           120                // Help menu
// Command bar button IDs
#define IDC_NEW             201
#define IDC_OPEN            202
#define IDC_SAVE            203
#define IDC_CUT             204
#define IDC_COPY            205
#define IDC_PASTE           206
#define IDC_PROP            207
  
#define IDC_LICON           301
#define IDC_SICON           302
#define IDC_LIST            303
#define IDC_RPT             304
#define IDC_SNAME           305
#define IDC_STYPE           306
#define IDC_SSIZE           307
#define IDC_SDATE           308
#define IDC_DPSORT          350
  
#define STD_BMPS            (STD_PRINT+1)      // Number of bmps in
                                                // std imglist
#define VIEW_BMPS           (VIEW_NEWFOLDER+1) // Number of bmps in
                                                // view imglist
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Function prototypes
//
HWND InitInstance (HINSTANCE, LPWSTR, int);
int TermInstance (HINSTANCE, int);
  
// Window procedures
LRESULT CALLBACK MainWndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
  
// Message handlers
LRESULT DoCreateMain (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LRESULT DoSizeMain (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LRESULT DoCommandMain (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LRESULT DoNotifyMain (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LRESULT DoDestroyMain (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
  
// Command functions
LPARAM DoMainCommandExit (HWND, WORD, HWND, WORD);
LPARAM DoMainCommandVStd (HWND, WORD, HWND, WORD);
LPARAM DoMainCommandVView (HWND, WORD, HWND, WORD);
LPARAM DoMainCommandVCombo (HWND, WORD, HWND, WORD);
LPARAM DoMainCommandAbout (HWND, WORD, HWND, WORD);
// Dialog procedures
BOOL CALLBACK AboutDlgProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
CmdBar.cpp
//======================================================================
// CmdBar - Command bar demonstration
//
// Written for the book Programming Windows CE
// Copyright (C) 2003 Douglas Boling
//======================================================================
#include <windows.h>                 // For all that Windows stuff
#include <commctrl.h>                // Command bar includes
#include "CmdBar.h"                  // Program-specific stuff
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Global data
//
const TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("CmdBar");
HINSTANCE hInst;                     // Program instance handle
  
// Message dispatch table for MainWindowProc
const struct decodeUINT MainMessages[] = {
    WM_CREATE, DoCreateMain,
    WM_SIZE, DoSizeMain,
    WM_COMMAND, DoCommandMain,
    WM_NOTIFY, DoNotifyMain,
    WM_DESTROY, DoDestroyMain,
};
  
// Command Message dispatch for MainWindowProc
const struct decodeCMD MainCommandItems[] = {
    IDM_EXIT, DoMainCommandExit,
    IDM_STDBAR, DoMainCommandVStd,
    IDM_VIEWBAR, DoMainCommandVView,
    IDM_COMBOBAR, DoMainCommandVCombo,
    IDM_ABOUT, DoMainCommandAbout,
};
// Standard file bar button structure
const TBBUTTON tbCBStdBtns[] = {
// BitmapIndex       Command    State       Style       UserData String
    {0,               0,         0,          TBSTYLE_SEP,       0,   0},
    {STD_FILENEW,     IDC_NEW,   TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,    0,   0},
    {STD_FILEOPEN,    IDC_OPEN, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,    0,   0},
    {STD_FILESAVE,    IDC_SAVE, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,    0,   0},
    {0,                 0,       0,          TBSTYLE_SEP,       0,   0},
    {STD_CUT,         IDC_CUT,   TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,    0,   0},
    {STD_COPY,        IDC_COPY, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,    0,   0},
    {STD_PASTE,       IDC_PASTE, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,    0,   0},
    {0,                 0,       0,          TBSTYLE_SEP,       0,   0},
    {STD_PROPERTIES, IDC_PROP, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
        TBSTYLE_BUTTON,    0,   0}
};
  
// Standard view bar button structure
const TBBUTTON tbCBViewBtns[] = {
// BitmapIndex       Command    State       Style        UserData String
    {0,               0,         0,          TBSTYLE_SEP,        0, 0},
    {VIEW_LARGEICONS, IDC_LICON, TBSTATE_ENABLED | TBSTATE_CHECKED,
                                             TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {VIEW_SMALLICONS, IDC_SICON, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {VIEW_LIST,       IDC_LIST, 0,          TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {VIEW_DETAILS,    IDC_RPT,   TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {0,               0,         TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_SEP,        0, 0},
    {VIEW_SORTNAME,   IDC_SNAME, TBSTATE_ENABLED | TBSTATE_CHECKED,
                                             TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {VIEW_SORTTYPE,   IDC_STYPE, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {VIEW_SORTSIZE,   IDC_SSIZE, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {VIEW_SORTDATE,   IDC_SDATE, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {0,               0,         0,          TBSTYLE_SEP,        0, 0},
};
// Tooltip string list for view bar
const TCHAR *pViewTips[] = {TEXT (""), TEXT ("Large"), TEXT ("Small"),
                            TEXT ("List"), TEXT ("Details"), TEXT (""),
                            TEXT ("Sort by Name"), TEXT ("Sort by Type"),
                            TEXT ("Sort by Size"), TEXT ("Sort by Date"),
};
  
// Combination standard and view bar button structure
const TBBUTTON tbCBCmboBtns[] = {
// BitmapIndex       Command    State       Style        UserData String
    {0,               0,         0,          TBSTYLE_SEP,        0, 0},
    {STD_FILENEW,     IDC_NEW,   TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,     0, 0},
    {STD_FILEOPEN,    IDC_OPEN, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,     0, 0},
    {STD_PROPERTIES, IDC_PROP, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,     0, 0},
    {0,               0,         0,          TBSTYLE_SEP,        0, 0},
    {STD_CUT,         IDC_CUT,   TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,     0, 0},
    {STD_COPY,        IDC_COPY, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,     0, 0},
    {STD_PASTE,       IDC_PASTE, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_BUTTON,     0, 0},
    {0,               0,         0,          TBSTYLE_SEP,        0, 0},
    {STD_BMPS + VIEW_LARGEICONS,
                      IDC_LICON, TBSTATE_ENABLED | TBSTATE_CHECKED,
                                             TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {STD_BMPS + VIEW_SMALLICONS,
                      IDC_SICON, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {STD_BMPS + VIEW_LIST,
                      IDC_LIST, TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {STD_BMPS + VIEW_DETAILS,
                      IDC_RPT,   TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_CHECKGROUP, 0, 0},
    {0,               0,         0,          TBSTYLE_SEP,        0, 0},
    {STD_BMPS + VIEW_BMPS,
                      IDC_DPSORT,TBSTATE_ENABLED,
                                             TBSTYLE_DROPDOWN,   0, 0}
};
  
//======================================================================
// Program entry point
//
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                    LPWSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {
    HWND hwndMain;
    MSG msg;
    int rc = 0;
  
    // Initialize application.
  
    hwndMain = InitInstance (hInstance, lpCmdLine, nCmdShow);
    if (hwndMain == 0) return 0x10;
  
    // Application message loop
    while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {
        TranslateMessage (&msg);
        DispatchMessage (&msg);
    }
    // Instance cleanup
    return TermInstance (hInstance, msg.wParam);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// InitInstance - Instance initialization
//
HWND InitInstance (HINSTANCE hInstance, LPWSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow){
    HWND hWnd;
    DWORD dwStyle = WS_VISIBLE;
    int x = CW_USEDEFAULT, y = CW_USEDEFAULT;
    int cx = CW_USEDEFAULT, cy = CW_USEDEFAULT;
    WNDCLASS wc;
    INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX icex;
  
#if defined(WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC)
    // If Pocket PC, allow only one instance of the application.
    hWnd = FindWindow (szAppName, NULL);
    if (hWnd) {
        SetForegroundWindow ((HWND)(((DWORD)hWnd) | 0x01));   
        return 0;
    }
#endif
    // Register application main window class.
    wc.style = 0;                             // Window style
    wc.lpfnWndProc = MainWndProc;             // Callback function
    wc.cbClsExtra = 0;                        // Extra class data
    wc.cbWndExtra = 0;                        // Extra window data
    wc.hInstance = hInstance;                 // Owner handle
    wc.hIcon = NULL,                          // Application icon
    wc.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW);// Default cursor
    wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH);
    wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;                  // Menu name
    wc.lpszClassName = szAppName;             // Window class name
  
    if (RegisterClass (&wc) == 0) return 0;
  
    // Load the command bar common control class.
    icex.dwSize = sizeof (INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX);
    icex.dwICC = ICC_BAR_CLASSES;
    InitCommonControlsEx (&icex);
  
   
#ifndef WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC
    dwStyle |= WS_CAPTION | WS_SIZEBOX | WS_MAXIMIZEBOX | WS_MINIMIZEBOX;
    x = y = 10;
    cx = GetSystemMetrics (SM_CXSCREEN) - 30;
    cy = GetSystemMetrics (SM_CYSCREEN) - 50
#endif
    // Save program instance handle in global variable.
    hInst = hInstance;
  
    // Create main window.
    hWnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, TEXT ("CmdBar Demo"), dwStyle,
                         x, y, cx, cy, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
    // Return fail code if window not created.
    if (!IsWindow (hWnd)) return 0;
  
    // Standard show and update calls
    ShowWindow (hWnd, nCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow (hWnd);
    return hWnd;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// TermInstance - Program cleanup
//
int TermInstance (HINSTANCE hInstance, int nDefRC) {
    return nDefRC;
}
//======================================================================
// Message handling procedures for MainWindow
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// MainWndProc - Callback function for application window
//
LRESULT CALLBACK MainWndProc (HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam,
                              LPARAM lParam) {
    int i;
    //
    // Search message list to see if we need to handle this
    // message. If in list, call procedure.
    //
    for (i = 0; i < dim(MainMessages); i++) {
        if (wMsg == MainMessages[i].Code)
            return (*MainMessages[i].Fxn)(hWnd, wMsg, wParam, lParam);
    }
    return DefWindowProc (hWnd, wMsg, wParam, lParam);
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// DoCreateMain - Process WM_CREATE message for window.
//
LRESULT DoCreateMain (HWND hWnd, UINT wMsg, WPARAM wParam,
                      LPARAM lParam) {
    HWND hwndCB;
  
    // Create a minimal command bar that has only a menu and an
    // exit button.
    hwndCB = CommandBar_Create (hInst, hWnd, IDC_CMDBAR);
  
    // Insert the menu.
    CommandBar_InsertMenubar (hwndCB, hInst, ID_MENU, 0);
  
    // Add exit button to command bar.
    CommandBar_AddAdornments (hwndCB, 0, 0);
    return 0;
}