iOS AttributedString

AttributedString可以分为NSAttributedString和NSMutableAttributedString两种。在使用中通过将AttributedString赋值给控件的attributedText 属性来添加文字样式。有属性的控件有UILabel、UITextField和UITextView。

使用方式一

初始化一个NSMutableAttributedString，然后向里面添加文字样式，将其赋给控件的attributedText属性。（这种方式只是简单的用几个属性表示了用法，在下面的一种使用方式中，会详细总结所有属性）

NSString *str = @"人生若只如初见，何事悲风秋画扇。\n等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。\n骊山语罢清宵半，泪雨霖铃终不怨。\n何如薄幸锦衣郎，比翼连枝当日愿。";//创建NSMutableAttributedStringNSMutableAttributedString *attrStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str];//设置字体和设置字体的范围[attrStr addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName value:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:30.0f] range:NSMakeRange(0, 3)];//添加文字颜色[attrStr addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor redColor] range:NSMakeRange(17, 7)];//添加文字背景颜色[attrStr addAttribute:NSBackgroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor orangeColor] range:NSMakeRange(17, 7)];//添加下划线[attrStr addAttribute:NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName value:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:NSUnderlineStyleSingle] range:NSMakeRange(8, 7)];UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(60, 100, 200, 0)];label.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];//自动换行label.numberOfLines = 0;//设置label的富文本label.attributedText = attrStr;//label高度自适应[label sizeToFit];[self.view addSubview:label];

使用方式二

创建属性字典，并将各种属性初始化。赋值，并利用方法appendAttributedString:添加入NSMutableAttributedString，将其赋给控件的attributedText属性。

//初始化NSMutableAttributedStringNSMutableAttributedString *attributedString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc]init];//设置字体格式和大小NSString *str0 = @"设置字体格式和大小";NSDictionary *dictAttr0 = @{NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:14]};NSAttributedString *attr0 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str0 attributes:dictAttr0];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr0];//设置字体颜色NSString *str1 = @"\n设置字体颜色\n";NSDictionary *dictAttr1 = @{NSForegroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor purpleColor]};NSAttributedString *attr1 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str1 attributes:dictAttr1];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr1];//设置字体背景颜色NSString *str2 = @"设置字体背景颜色\n";NSDictionary *dictAttr2 = @{NSBackgroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor cyanColor]};NSAttributedString *attr2 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str2 attributes:dictAttr2];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr2];/* 注：NSLigatureAttributeName设置连体属性，取值为NSNumber对象（整数），1表示使用默认的连体字符，0表示不使用，2表示使用所有连体符号（iOS不支持2）。而且并非所有的字符之间都有组合符合。如 fly ，f和l会连起来。 *///设置连体属性NSString *str3 = @"fly";NSDictionary *dictAttr3 = @{NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont fontWithName:@"futura" size:14],NSLigatureAttributeName:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:1]};NSAttributedString *attr3 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str3 attributes:dictAttr3];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr3];/*! 注：NSKernAttributeName用来设置字符之间的间距，取值为NSNumber对象（整数），负值间距变窄，正值间距变宽 */NSString *str4 = @"\n设置字符间距";NSDictionary *dictAttr4 = @{NSKernAttributeName:@(4)};NSAttributedString *attr4 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str4 attributes:dictAttr4];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr4];/*! 注：NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName设置删除线，取值为NSNumber对象，枚举NSUnderlineStyle中的值。NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName设置删除线的颜色。并可以将Style和Pattern相互 取与 获取不同的效果 */NSString *str51 = @"\n设置删除线为细单实线,颜色为红色";NSDictionary *dictAttr51 = @{NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleSingle),NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]};NSAttributedString *attr51 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str51 attributes:dictAttr51];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr51];NSString *str52 = @"\n设置删除线为粗单实线,颜色为红色";NSDictionary *dictAttr52 = @{NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleThick),NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]};NSAttributedString *attr52 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str52 attributes:dictAttr52];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr52];NSString *str53 = @"\n设置删除线为细单实线,颜色为红色";NSDictionary *dictAttr53 = @{NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleDouble),NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]};NSAttributedString *attr53 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str53 attributes:dictAttr53];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr53];NSString *str54 = @"\n设置删除线为细单虚线,颜色为红色";NSDictionary *dictAttr54 = @{NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleSingle|NSUnderlinePatternDot),NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]};NSAttributedString *attr54 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str54 attributes:dictAttr54];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr54];/*! NSStrokeWidthAttributeName 设置笔画的宽度，取值为NSNumber对象（整数），负值填充效果，正值是中空效果。NSStrokeColorAttributeName  设置填充部分颜色，取值为UIColor对象。 设置中间部分颜色可以使用 NSForegroundColorAttributeName 属性来进行 *///设置笔画宽度和填充部分颜色NSString *str6 = @"设置笔画宽度和填充颜色\n";NSDictionary *dictAttr6 = @{NSStrokeWidthAttributeName:@(2),NSStrokeColorAttributeName:[UIColor blueColor]};NSAttributedString *attr6 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str6 attributes:dictAttr6];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr6];//设置阴影属性，取值为NSShadow对象NSString *str7 = @"设置阴影属性\n";NSShadow *shadow = [[NSShadow alloc]init];shadow.shadowColor = [UIColor redColor];shadow.shadowBlurRadius = 1.0f;shadow.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(1, 1);NSDictionary *dictAttr7 = @{NSShadowAttributeName:shadow};NSAttributedString *attr7 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str7 attributes:dictAttr7];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr7];//设置文本特殊效果，取值为NSString类型，目前只有一个可用效果  NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle（凸版印刷效果）NSString *str8 = @"设置特殊效果\n";NSDictionary *dictAttr8 = @{NSTextEffectAttributeName:NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle};NSAttributedString *attr8 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str8 attributes:dictAttr8];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr8];//设置文本附件，取值为NSTextAttachment对象，常用于文字的图文混排NSString *str9 = @"文字的图文混排\n";NSTextAttachment *textAttachment = [[NSTextAttachment alloc]init];textAttachment.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"logo.png"];textAttachment.bounds = CGRectMake(0, 0, 30, 30);NSDictionary *dictAttr9 = @{NSAttachmentAttributeName:textAttachment};NSAttributedString *attr9 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str9 attributes:dictAttr9];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr9];/*! 添加下划线 NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName。设置下划线的颜色 NSUnderlineColorAttributeName，对象为 UIColor。使用方式同删除线一样。 *///添加下划线NSString *str10 = @"添加下划线\n";NSDictionary *dictAttr10 = @{NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName:@(NSUnderlineStyleSingle),NSUnderlineColorAttributeName:[UIColor redColor]};NSAttributedString *attr10 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str10 attributes:dictAttr10];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr10];/*! NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName 设置基线偏移值。取值为NSNumber （float），正值上偏，负值下偏 *///设置基线偏移值 NSBaselineOffsetAttributeNameNSString *str11 = @"添加基线偏移值\n";NSDictionary *dictAttr11 = @{NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName:@(-10)};NSAttributedString *attr11 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str11 attributes:dictAttr11];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr11];/*! NSObliquenessAttributeName 设置字体倾斜度，取值为 NSNumber（float），正值右倾，负值左倾 *///设置字体倾斜度 NSObliquenessAttributeNameNSString *str12 = @"设置字体倾斜度\n";NSDictionary *dictAttr12 = @{NSObliquenessAttributeName:@(0.5)};NSAttributedString *attr12 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str12 attributes:dictAttr12];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr12];/*! NSExpansionAttributeName 设置字体的横向拉伸，取值为NSNumber （float），正值拉伸 ，负值压缩 *///设置字体的横向拉伸 NSExpansionAttributeNameNSString *str13 = @"设置字体横向拉伸\n";NSDictionary *dictAttr13 = @{NSExpansionAttributeName:@(0.5)};NSAttributedString *attr13 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str13 attributes:dictAttr13];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr13];/*! NSWritingDirectionAttributeName 设置文字的书写方向，取值为以下组合 @[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)] @[@(NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight | NSWritingDirectionOverride)] @[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)] @[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionOverride)] ???NSWritingDirectionEmbedding和NSWritingDirectionOverride有什么不同 *///设置文字的书写方向 NSWritingDirectionAttributeNameNSString *str14 = @"设置文字书写方向\n";NSDictionary *dictAttr14 = @{NSWritingDirectionAttributeName:@[@(NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft | NSWritingDirectionEmbedding)]};NSAttributedString *attr14 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str14 attributes:dictAttr14];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr14];/*! NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName 设置文字排版方向，取值为NSNumber对象（整数），0表示横排文本，1表示竖排文本  在iOS中只支持0 *///设置文字排版方向 NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeNameNSString *str15 = @"设置文字排版方向\n";NSDictionary *dictAttr15 = @{NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName:@(0)};NSAttributedString *attr15 = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:str15 attributes:dictAttr15];[attributedString appendAttributedString:attr15];//段落样式NSMutableParagraphStyle *paragraph = [[NSMutableParagraphStyle alloc]init];//行间距paragraph.lineSpacing = 10;//段落间距paragraph.paragraphSpacing = 20;//对齐方式paragraph.alignment = NSTextAlignmentLeft;//指定段落开始的缩进像素paragraph.firstLineHeadIndent = 30;//调整全部文字的缩进像素paragraph.headIndent = 10;//添加段落设置[attributedString addAttribute:NSParagraphStyleAttributeName value:paragraph range:NSMakeRange(0, attributedString.length)];UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(60, 100, 300, 0)];label.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];//自动换行label.numberOfLines = 0;//设置label的富文本label.attributedText = attributedString;//label高度自适应[label sizeToFit];[self.view addSubview:label];

注:例子中只是将单个的属性进行展示，可以将不同的属性进行组合来产生所需的效果