React Form详解

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一、不可控组件和可控组件
不可控组件:<input type="text" defaultValue="HelloWorld"/>数据写死。
可控组件:<input type="text" defaultValue={this.state.value}/>
为什么组件要可控:
符合React的数据流
数据存储在state中,便于使用
便于对数据进行处理

不可控组件代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>表单详解</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="./build/react.js"></script>
<script src="./build/JSXTransformer.js"></script>
<script type="text/jsx">
/*var MyForm = React.createClass({
render:function () {
return <input type="text" defaultValue="HelloWorld!"/>
}
});*/
var MyForm = React.createClass({
submitHandler:function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
var HelloTo = React.findDOMNode(this.refs.helloTo).value;alert(HelloTo);
},
render:function () {
return <form onSubmit={this.submitHandler}>
<input type="text" ref="helloTo" defaultValue="Hello World"/><br/>
<button type="submit">Speak</button>
</form>
}
});
React.render(<MyForm></MyForm>,document.body
);
</script>
</body>
</html>

可控组件代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>表单详解</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="./build/react.js"></script>
<script src="./build/JSXTransformer.js"></script>
<script type="text/jsx">
var MyForm = React.createClass({
getInitialState:function () {
return{
helloTo:"helloworld"
};
},
handleChange:function () {
this.setState({
helloTo:event.target.value
});
},
submitHandler:function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
alert(this.state.helloTo);
},
render:function () {
return <form onSubmit={this.submitHandler}>
<input type="text" value={this.state.helloTo} onChange={this.handleChange}/><br/>
<button type="submit">Speak</button>
</form>
}
});
React.render(<MyForm></MyForm>,document.body
);
</script>
</body>
</html>

二、不同表单元素的使用
<label htmlFor="name">Name</label>
<input type="checkbox" value="A" checked={this.state.checked} onChange={this.handleChange}/>
<textarea value={this.state.helloTo} onChange={this.handleChange}/>
<select value={this.state.helloTo} onChange={this.handleChange}> <option value="one">1</option></select>
实例代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>表单详解</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="./build/react.js"></script>
<script src="./build/JSXTransformer.js"></script>
<script type="text/jsx">
var MyForm = React.createClass({
getInitialState:function () {
return{
username:"",
gender:"man",
checked:true
};
},
handleUsernameChange:function () {
this.setState({
username:event.target.value
});
},
handleGenderChange:function (event) {
this.setState({
gender:event.target.value
});
},
handleCheckboxChange:function (event) {
this.setState({
checked:event.target.checked
});
},
submitHandler:function () {
event.preventDefault();
console.log(this.state);
},
render:function () {
return <form onSubmit={this.submitHandler}>
<label htmlFor="username">请输入用户名:</label>
<input id="username" type="text" value={this.state.username} onChange={this.handleUsernameChange}/><br/>
<select value={this.state.gender} onChange={this.handleGenderChange}><option value="man"></option>
<option value="woman"></option></select>
<br/>
<label htmlFor="checkbox">同意用户协议:</label>
<input id="checkbox" type="checkbox" value="agree" checked={this.state.checked} onChange={this.handleCheckboxChange}/>
<button type="submit">注册</button>
</form>
}
});
React.render(<MyForm></MyForm>,document.body
);
</script>
</body>
</html>

三、事件处理函数复用
onChange={this.handleChange1}
onChange={this.handleChange2}
onChange={this.handleChange3}
onChange={this.handleChange4}
...
最好的处理方式是:处理成一个onChange={this.handleChange}
(1)bind复用
handleChange:function(name, event){
    ...
}
{this.handleChange.bind(this,'input1')}
实例代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>表单详解</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="./build/react.js"></script>
<script src="./build/JSXTransformer.js"></script>
<script type="text/jsx">
var MyForm = React.createClass({
getInitialState:function () {
return{
username:"",
gender:"man",
checked:true
};
},
handleChange:function (name,event) {
var newState = {};
newState[name] = name == "checked"?event.target.checked:event.target.value;
this.setState(newState);
},
submitHandler:function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
console.log(this.state);
},
render:function () {
return <form onSubmit={this.submitHandler}>
<label htmlFor="username">请输入用户名:</label>
<input id="username" type="text" value={this.state.username} onChange={this.handleChange.bind(this,"username")}/><br/>
<select value={this.state.gender} onChange={this.handleGenderChange}><option value="man"></option>
<option value="woman"></option></select>
<br/>
<label htmlFor="checkbox">同意用户协议:</label>
<input id="checkbox" type="checkbox" value="agree" checked={this.state.checked} onChange={this.handleChange.bind(this,"checkbox")}/>
<button type="submit">注册</button>
</form>
}
});
React.render(<MyForm></MyForm>,document.body
);
</script>
</body>
</html>

(2)name复用
handleChange:function(event){
    var name = event.target.name
}
{this.handleChange}
实例代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>表单详解</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="./build/react.js"></script>
<script src="./build/JSXTransformer.js"></script>
<script type="text/jsx">
var MyForm = React.createClass({
getInitialState:function () {
return{
username:"",
gender:"man",
checked:true
};
},
handleChange:function (event) {
var newState = {};
newState[event.target.name] = event.target.name == "checked"?event.target.checked:event.target.value;
this.setState(newState);
},
submitHandler:function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
console.log(this.state);
},
render:function () {
return <form onSubmit={this.submitHandler}>
<label htmlFor="username">请输入用户名:</label>
<input name="username" id="username" type="text" value={this.state.username} onChange={this.handleChange}/><br/>
<select name="gender" value={this.state.gender} onChange={this.handleGenderChange}><option value="man"></option>
<option value="woman"></option></select>
<br/>
<label htmlFor="checkbox">同意用户协议:</label>
<input name="checked" id="checkbox" type="checkbox" value="agree" checked={this.state.checked} onChange={this.handleChange}/>
<button type="submit">注册</button>
</form>
}
});
React.render(<MyForm></MyForm>,document.body
);
</script>
</body>
</html>

四、表单组件自定义
为什么要自定义表单组件:
内因:本身具有特殊性:样式统一、信息内聚、行为固定
外因:本质上是组件嵌套

不可控的自定义组件:
代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>表单详解</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="./react-0.13.2/react-0.13.2/build/react-with-addons.js"></script>
<script src="./react-0.13.2/react-0.13.2/build/JSXTransformer.js"></script>
<script type="text/jsx">
var Radio = React.createClass({
getInitialState: function () {
return {
value: this.props.defaultValue
};
},
handleChange: function (event) {
if (this.props.onChange) {
this.props.onChange(event);
}
this.setState({
value: event.target.value
});
},
render: function () {
var children = {};
var value = this.props.value || this.state.value;
React.Children.forEach(this.props.children, function (child, i) {
var label = <label>
<input type="radio" name={this.props.name} value={child.props.value} checked={child.props.value == value} onChange={this.handleChange} />
{child.props.children}
<br/>
</label>;
children['label' + i] = label;
}.bind(this));
return <span>{children}</span>;
}
});
var MyForm = React.createClass({
submitHandler: function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
alert(this.refs.radio.state.value);
},
render: function () {
return <form onSubmit={this.submitHandler}>
<Radio ref="radio" name="my_radio" defaultValue="B">
<option value="A">First Option</option>
<option value="B">Second Option</option>
<option value="C">Third Option</option>
</Radio>
<button type="submit">Speak</button>
</form>;
}
});
React.render(<MyForm></MyForm>, document.body);
</script>
</body>
</html>


可控组件,示例代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>表单详解</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="./react-0.13.2/react-0.13.2/build/react-with-addons.js"></script>
<script src="./react-0.13.2/react-0.13.2/build/JSXTransformer.js"></script>
<script type="text/jsx">
var Radio = React.createClass({
getInitialState: function () {
return {
value: this.props.defaultValue
};
},
handleChange: function (event) {
if (this.props.onChange) {
this.props.onChange(event); }
this.setState({
value: event.target.value
});
},
render: function () {
var children = {};
var value = this.props.value || this.state.value;
React.Children.forEach(this.props.children, function (child, i) {
var label = <label>
<input type="radio" name={this.props.name} value={child.props.value} checked={child.props.value == value} onChange={this.handleChange} />
{child.props.children}
<br/>
</label>;
children['label' + i] = label;
}.bind(this));
return <span>{children}</span>;
}
});
var MyForm = React.createClass({
getInitialState: function () {
return {my_radio: "B"};
},
handleChange: function (event) {
this.setState({
my_radio: event.target.value
});
},
submitHandler: function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
alert(this.state.my_radio);
},
render: function () {
return <form onSubmit={this.submitHandler}>
<Radio name="my_radio" value={this.state.my_radio} onChange={this.handleChange}>
<option value="A">First Option</option>
<option value="B">Second Option</option>
<option value="C">Third Option</option>
</Radio>
<button type="submit">Speak</button>
</form>;
}
});
React.render(<MyForm></MyForm>, document.body);
</script>
</body>
</html>

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