python unittest做api自动化测试

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项目测试对于一个项目的重要性,大家应该都知道吧。写python的朋友,应该都写过自动化测试脚本。最近正好负责公司项目中的api测试,下面写了一个简单的例子,对API 测试进行梳理。

首先,编写restful api接口文件 testpost.py,包含了get,post,put方法

#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-from flask import requestfrom flask_restful import Resourcefrom flask_restful import reqparsetest_praser = reqparse.RequestParser()test_praser.add_argument('ddos')class TestPost(Resource):    def post(self, PostData):        data = request.get_json()        user = User('wangjing')        if data['ddos']:          return {'hello': 'uese', "PostData": PostData,  'ddos': 'data[\'ddos\']'}        return {'hello': 'uese', "PostData": PostData}    def get(self, PostData):        data = request.args        if data and data['ddos']:            return "hello" + PostData + data['ddos'], 200        return {'hello': 'uese', "PostData": PostData}    def put(self, PostData):        data = test_praser.parse_args()        if data and data['ddos']:            return "hello" + PostData + data['ddos'], 200        return {'hello': 'uese', "PostData": PostData}

ps:对于request的取值,我这里定义了常用的三种方法:

post方法:request.get_json(),在调用API时,传值是json方式

get和put方法:request.args 或者reqparse.RequestParser(),调用API时,传的是字符串

其次,定义Blueprint(蓝图)文件 init.py

#!/usr/bin/env python    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-    from flask import Blueprint    from flask_restful import Api    from testpost import TestPost    testPostb = Blueprint('testPostb', __name__)    api = Api(testPostb)    api.add_resource(TestPost, '/<string:PostData>/postMeth')

然后,编写测试脚本testPostM.py

#!/usr/bin/env python    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-    import unittest    import json    from secautoApp.api.testPostMeth import api    from flask import url_for    from run import app    from secautoApp.api.testPostMeth import TestPost    headers = {'Accept': 'application/json',               'Content-Type': 'application/json'               }    class APITestCase(unittest.TestCase):        def setUp(self):            # self.app = create_app(os.getenv("SECAUTOCFG") or 'default')            self.app = app            #     self.app_context = self.app.app_context()            #     self.app_context.push()            self.client = self.app.test_client()        #        # def tearDown(self):        #     self.app_context.pop()        def test_post(self):            # with app.test_request_context():            response = self.client.get(api.url_for(TestPost, PostData='adb', ddos='123'))            self.assertTrue(response.status_code == 200)            response = self.client.get(url_for('testPostb.testpost', PostData='adb', ddos='123'))            self.assertTrue(response.status_code == 200)                self.assertTrue(json.loads(response.data)['PostData'] =='adb')            response = self.client.post(url_for('testPostb.testpost', PostData='adb'), headers=headers,                                        data=json.dumps({"ddos": '123'}))            print json.loads(response.data)            self.assertTrue(response.status_code == 200)            response = self.client.put(url_for('testPostb.testpost', PostData='adb', ddos='123'))            self.assertTrue(json.loads(response.data) == 'helloadb123')            response = self.client.put(url_for('testPostb.testpost', PostData='adb'))            print json.loads(response.data)['PostData']            self.assertTrue(response.status_code == 200)

ps:调用的api url 主要用的是flask_restful 的api.url_for,或者是flask的url_for,下面我来说下这2种方法的具体使用

flask_restful 的api.url_for说明

api.url_for(TestPost,PostData=’adb’),这里的TestPost指的是restful api接口文件中定义的class,因为我们在api蓝图中,已经通过api.add_resource(TestPost, ‘//postMeth’)添加类的方式定义过

flask的url_for的使用说明

url_for(‘testPostb.testpost’, PostData=’adb’, ddos=’123’),’testPostb.testpost’这个字符串中

testPostb指的是蓝图的名称,也就是testPostb = Blueprint(‘testPostb’, name)中Blueprint(‘testPostb’,name)中的testPostb。

testpost指的是蓝图下endpoit的端点名称,flask_restful中,指的是api.add_resource(TestPost, ‘//postMeth’)中 类名TestPost的小写

启动测试脚本:

    C:\secauto3>python run.py test    test_post (testPostM.APITestCase) ... ok    ----------------------------------------------------------------------    Ran 1 test in 0.056s    OK

小总结:url_for的传值和request中的取值是有对应关系的,最后就是flask_restful中端点的方式,一定要是api.add_resource中类名的小写

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