MyBatis学习笔记(5)

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MyBatis入门之延迟加载

resultMap可以实现高级映射(使用association、collection实现一对一及一对多映射),association、collection具备延迟加载功能。

延迟加载:先从单表查询、需要时再从关联表去关联查询,大大提高数据库性能,因为查询单表要比关联查询多张表速度要快。

使用association实现延迟加载

  • mapper.xml
    需要定义两个mapper的方法对应的statement。

在查询博客的statement中使用association去延迟加载下边的satatement(博客作者,即关联的用户):

<select id="findBlogAndUser" resultMap="BlogAndUser">        SELECT            *        FROM             tbl_blog  </select>

通过上边的blogUserId来查询关联信息:

 <select id="selectByPrimaryKey" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" >    select         userId, userName    from tbl_user        where userId = #{userid,jdbcType=INTEGER}  </select>
  • 延迟加载resultMap
<resultMap type="com.icss.po.Blog" id="BlogAndUser">    <id property="blogid" column="blogId" />    <result property="blogtitle" column="blogTitle" />    <result property="blogcontent" column="blogContent" />    <association property="user" column="blogUserId" select="com.icss.dao.UserMapper.selectByPrimaryKey" javaType="com.icss.po.User">        <id property="userid" column="userId"/>        <result property="username" column="userName" />    </association>  </resultMap>

与非延迟加载的主要区别就在association标签属性多了select和column

  • 延迟加载配置

在mybatis核心配置文件中配置:lazyLoadingEnabled、aggressiveLazyLoading

设置项 描述 允许值 允许值 lazyLoadingEnabled 全局性设置懒加载。如果设为‘false’,则所有相关联的都会被初始化加载 true/false false aggressiveLazyLoading 当设置为‘true’的时候,懒加载的对象可能被任何懒属性全部加载。否则,每个属性都按需加载。 true/false true

<settings>        <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>        <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>    </settings>
  • 测试代码
@Test    public void testfindBlogAndUserLoading() throws Exception{        SqlSession sqlSession =null;        try {            //mybatis配置文件            String resourse = "SqlMapConfig.xml";            //获取配置文件流            InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resourse);            //创建会话工厂            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);            //通过会话工厂获取SqlSession            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();            //获取代理对象            BlogMapper blogMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);            List<Blog> list = blogMapper.findBlogAndUser();            for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){                Blog blog = list.get(i);                System.out.println("博客标题:"+blog.getBlogtitle());                System.out.println("博客内容:"+blog.getBlogcontent());                User user = blog.getUser();                System.out.println("博客作者:"+user.getUsername());            }        } catch (IOException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }finally{            sqlSession.close();        }    }

延迟加载思考

不使用mybatis提供的association及collection中的延迟加载功能,如何实现延迟加载??

实现方法如下:

定义两个mapper方法:

  • 查询博客列表
  • 根据用户id查询用户信息

实现思路:

先去查询第一个mapper方法,获取博客信息列表;在程序中(service),按需去调用第二个mapper方法去查询用户信息。

总之,使用延迟加载方法,先去查询简单的sql(最好单表,也可以关联查询),再去按需要加载关联查询的其它信息。

结果

DEBUG [main] - Logging initialized using 'class org.apache.ibatis.logging.log4j.Log4jImpl' adapter.DEBUG [main] - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.DEBUG [main] - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.DEBUG [main] - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.DEBUG [main] - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.DEBUG [main] - Opening JDBC ConnectionDEBUG [main] - Created connection 552364977.DEBUG [main] - Setting autocommit to false on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@20ec6bb1]DEBUG [main] - ==>  Preparing: SELECT * FROM tbl_blog DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: DEBUG [main] - <==      Total: 1博客标题:Mybatis入门博客内容:Mybatis入门程序内容DEBUG [main] - ==>  Preparing: select userId, userName from tbl_user where userId = ? DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 1(Integer)DEBUG [main] - <==      Total: 1博客作者:Mr_LiDEBUG [main] - Resetting autocommit to true on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@20ec6bb1]DEBUG [main] - Closing JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@20ec6bb1]DEBUG [main] - Returned connection 552364977 to pool.

注意

写代码过程中发现一个异常,然后并不是我自己引起的异常,而是因为导入的mybatis包版本问题,异常代码如下:

java.lang.NullPointerException    at com.icss.TestMybatis.testfindBlogAndUserLoading(TestMybatis.java:333)    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runNotIgnored(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:79)    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:71)    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:49)    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)

这是mybatis依赖包OGNL 2.6.9的一个bug,可以通过升级mybatis版本到 3.3.0及以上来解决此问题。

mybatis官方issue说明: https://github.com/mybatis/mybatis-3/issues/224

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