windows系统下安装python的pip工具

第一步：首先创建一个py文件，命名为get-pip.py，代码如下（代码也可见附件）

import os.path

import pkgutil

import shutil

import sys

import struct

import tempfile

# Useful for very coarse version differentiation.

PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2

PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3

if PY3:

    iterbytes = iter

else:

    def iterbytes(buf):

        return (ord(byte) for byte in buf)

try:

    from base64 import b85decode

except ImportError:

    _b85alphabet = (b"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"

                    b"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz!#$%&()*+-;<=>?@^_`{|}~")

    def b85decode(b):

        _b85dec = [None] * 256

        for i, c in enumerate(iterbytes(_b85alphabet)):

            _b85dec[c] = i

        padding = (-len(b)) % 5

        b = b + b'~' * padding

        out = []

        packI = struct.Struct('!I').pack

        for i in range(0, len(b), 5):

            chunk = b[i:i + 5]

            acc = 0

            try:

                for c in iterbytes(chunk):

                    acc = acc * 85 + _b85dec[c]

            except TypeError:

                for j, c in enumerate(iterbytes(chunk)):

                    if _b85dec[c] is None:

                        raise ValueError(

                            'bad base85 character at position %d' % (i + j)

                        )

                raise

            try:

                out.append(packI(acc))

            except struct.error:

                raise ValueError('base85 overflow in hunk starting at byte %d'

                                 % i)

        result = b''.join(out)

        if padding:

            result = result[:-padding]

        return result

def bootstrap(tmpdir=None):

    # Import pip so we can use it to install pip and maybe setuptools too

    import pip

    from pip.commands.install import InstallCommand

    from pip.req import InstallRequirement

    # Wrapper to provide default certificate with the lowest priority

    class CertInstallCommand(InstallCommand):

        def parse_args(self, args):

            # If cert isn't specified in config or environment, we provide our

            # own certificate through defaults.

            # This allows user to specify custom cert anywhere one likes:

            # config, environment variable or argv.

            if not self.parser.get_default_values().cert:

                self.parser.defaults["cert"] = cert_path  # calculated below

            return super(CertInstallCommand, self).parse_args(args)

    pip.commands_dict["install"] = CertInstallCommand

    implicit_pip = True

    implicit_setuptools = True

    implicit_wheel = True

    # Check if the user has requested us not to install setuptools

    if "--no-setuptools" in sys.argv or os.environ.get("PIP_NO_SETUPTOOLS"):

        args = [x for x in sys.argv[1:] if x != "--no-setuptools"]

        implicit_setuptools = False

    else:

        args = sys.argv[1:]

    # Check if the user has requested us not to install wheel

    if "--no-wheel" in args or os.environ.get("PIP_NO_WHEEL"):

        args = [x for x in args if x != "--no-wheel"]

        implicit_wheel = False

    # We only want to implicitly install setuptools and wheel if they don't

    # already exist on the target platform.

    if implicit_setuptools:

        try:

            import setuptools  # noqa

            implicit_setuptools = False

        except ImportError:

            pass

    if implicit_wheel:

        try:

            import wheel  # noqa

            implicit_wheel = False

        except ImportError:

            pass

    # We want to support people passing things like 'pip<8' to get-pip.py which

    # will let them install a specific version. However because of the dreaded

    # DoubleRequirement error if any of the args look like they might be a

    # specific for one of our packages, then we'll turn off the implicit

    # install of them.

    for arg in args:

        try:

            req = InstallRequirement.from_line(arg)

        except:

            continue

        if implicit_pip and req.name == "pip":

            implicit_pip = False

        elif implicit_setuptools and req.name == "setuptools":

            implicit_setuptools = False

        elif implicit_wheel and req.name == "wheel":

            implicit_wheel = False

    # Add any implicit installations to the end of our args

    if implicit_pip:

        args += ["pip"]

    if implicit_setuptools:

        args += ["setuptools"]

    if implicit_wheel:

        args += ["wheel"]

    delete_tmpdir = False

    try:

        # Create a temporary directory to act as a working directory if we were

        # not given one.

        if tmpdir is None:

            tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()

            delete_tmpdir = True

        # We need to extract the SSL certificates from requests so that they

        # can be passed to --cert

        cert_path = os.path.join(tmpdir, "cacert.pem")

        with open(cert_path, "wb") as cert:

            cert.write(pkgutil.get_data("pip._vendor.requests", "cacert.pem"))

        # Execute the included pip and use it to install the latest pip and

        # setuptools from PyPI

        sys.exit(pip.main(["install", "--upgrade"] + args))

    finally:

        # Remove our temporary directory

        if delete_tmpdir and tmpdir:

            shutil.rmtree(tmpdir, ignore_errors=True)

def main():

    tmpdir = None

    try:

        # Create a temporary working directory

        tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()

        # Unpack the zipfile into the temporary directory

        pip_zip = os.path.join(tmpdir, "pip.zip")

        with open(pip_zip, "wb") as fp:

            fp.write(b85decode(DATA.replace(b"\n", b"")))

        # Add the zipfile to sys.path so that we can import it

        sys.path.insert(0, pip_zip)

        # Run the bootstrap

        bootstrap(tmpdir=tmpdir)

    finally:

        # Clean up our temporary working directory

        if tmpdir:

            shutil.rmtree(tmpdir, ignore_errors=True)

DATA = b

if __name__ == "__main__":

    main()

第二步：在windows系统下运行get-pip.py文件，稍等几分钟。就完成了安装。（安装成功的标志是在python的安装目录下生成了Scripts文件夹，如下图）

 

第三步：将python路径和pip的Scripts路径添加到系统环境变量的Path里。如下图：