Maven(5)-依赖关系(实战篇)

[工欲善其事，必先利其器]

上文中，我们简单介绍了依赖关系的基本理论与配置方式。但是由于这个知识点在我们日后的开发过程中会经常使用到，因此，我们在本篇中通过演示实例来说明依赖关系，请各位看官一定跟着步骤，亲自尝试一番。仔细观察通过这种方式对我们程序架构造成的影响。

特别的，这里以一份已经调试完成的工程为例，因此，与前文说的工程命名不一致，敬请谅解。

准备工作：

a.操作系统：win7 x64

b.开发工具：eclipse mars j2ee版本，maven3.0.5，jdk7

c.请读者参照。Maven简明教程（3）---在eclipse中创建工程与基本命令介绍。创建user-parent工程，并配置其pom文件

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正文开始：

1.1以maven创建uesr-entity工程，工程类型为quickstart。建立的工程结构如下图所示：

1.2作为演示，在user-entity工程中只创建一个实体类User.Java，具体内容如下：

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1. package com.java.shiro.entity;  
2.   
3. public class User {  
4.   
5.     private Integer id; // 编号  
6.     private String userName; // 用户名  
7.     private String password; // 密码  
8.       
9.     //由于篇幅关系，set、get方法请读者自行完成  
10. }  

1.3修改pom文件，具体内容如下：注意：这里存在的继承关系。点击保存之后，请在项目的pom文件上点击右键--->run as--->maven install。将项目安装到的本地仓库

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1. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
2.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  
3.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
4.     <parent>  
5.         <groupId>com.java.shiro</groupId>  
6.         <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId>  
7.         <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
8.         <relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>  
9.     </parent>  
10.     <artifactId>user-entity</artifactId>  
11.     <packaging>jar</packaging>  
12.     <properties>  
13.         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>  
14.     </properties>  
15.     <dependencies>  
16.         <dependency>  
17.             <groupId>junit</groupId>  
18.             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
19.             <scope>test</scope>  
20.         </dependency>  
21.     </dependencies>  
22. </project>  

2.1以maven创建uesr-dao工程，工程类型为quickstart。具体请参照Maven简明教程（3）---在eclipse中创建工程与基本命令介绍。建立的工程结构如下图所示：

2.2创建接口UserDao.java，具体内容如下：

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1. package com.java.shiro.dao;  
2.   
3. import com.java.shiro.entity.User;  
4.   
5. public interface UserDao {  
6.     public User login(User user);  
7. }  

2.3创建接口实现类UserDaoImpl.java，具体内容如下：

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1. package com.java.shiro.dao.impl;  
2.   
3. import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;  
4. import com.java.shiro.dao.UserDao;  
5. import com.java.shiro.entity.User;  
6.   
7. @Repository  
8. public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{  
9. //  作为演示，我们省略数据方面的知识  
10.     public User login(User user) {  
11.         System.out.println("查询当前用户");  
12.         User u = new User(1,"Tom","1234");  
13.         return u;  
14.     }  
15. }  

2.4修改pom文件为如下内容：点击保存之后，请在项目的pom文件上点击右键--->run as--->maven install。将项目安装到的本地仓库

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1. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
2.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  
3.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
4.   
5.     <parent>  
6.         <groupId>com.java.shiro</groupId>  
7.         <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId>  
8.         <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
9.         <relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>  
10.     </parent>  
11.   
12.   
13.     <properties>  
14.         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>  
15.     </properties>  
16.   
17.     <dependencies>  
18.         <dependency>  
19.             <groupId>log4j</groupId>  
20.             <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>  
21.         </dependency>  
22.         <dependency>  
23.             <groupId>junit</groupId>  
24.             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
25.             <scope>test</scope>  
26.         </dependency>  
27.         <dependency>  
28.             <groupId>com.java.shiro</groupId>  
29.             <artifactId>user-entity</artifactId>  
30.             <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
31.         </dependency>  
32.         <dependency>  
33.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
34.             <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  
35.             <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>  
36.         </dependency>  
37.     </dependencies>  
38. </project>  

3.1以maven创建user-service工程，工程类型为quickstart。具体请参照Maven简明教程（3）---在eclipse中创建工程与基本命令介绍。建立的工程结构如下图所示：

3.2创建接口UserService.java，具体内容如下：

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1. package com.java.shiro.service;  
2.   
3. import com.java.shiro.entity.User;  
4.   
5. public interface UserService {  
6.     public User login(User user);  
7. }  

3.3创建接口UserServiceImpl.java，具体内容如下：

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1. package com.java.shiro.service.impl;  
2.   
3. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
4. import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;  
5.   
6. import com.java.shiro.dao.UserDao;  
7. import com.java.shiro.entity.User;  
8. import com.java.shiro.service.UserService;  
9.   
10. @Service  
11. public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{  
12.   
13.     @Autowired  
14.     private UserDao userDao;  
15.       
16.     public User login(User user) {  
17.         return userDao.login(user);  
18.     }  
19. }  

3.4修改pom文件，具体内容如下：点击保存之后，请在项目的pom文件上点击右键--->run as--->maven install。将项目安装到的本地仓库

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1. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
2.   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  
3.   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
4.   
5.   <parent>  
6.     <groupId>com.java.shiro</groupId>  
7.     <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId>  
8.     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
9.     <relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>  
10.   </parent>     
11.     
12.   <artifactId>user-service</artifactId>  
13.   <packaging>jar</packaging>  
14.   
15.    
16.   
17.   <properties>  
18.     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>  
19.   </properties>  
20.   
21.   <dependencies>  
22.     
23.     <dependency>  
24.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
25.         <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
26.     </dependency>  
27.     <dependency>  
28.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
29.         <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>  
30.     </dependency>  
31.     <dependency>  
32.          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
33.          <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>  
34.         </dependency>  
35.     <dependency>  
36.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
37.         <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  
38.     </dependency>  
39.     <dependency>  
40.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
41.         <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>  
42.     </dependency>  
43.     <dependency>  
44.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
45.         <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>  
46.     </dependency>  
47.       
48.     <dependency>  
49.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
50.         <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
51.     </dependency>  
52.       
53.     <dependency>  
54.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
55.         <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>  
56.     </dependency>  
57.       
58.       
59.     <dependency>  
60.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
61.         <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>  
62.     </dependency>  
63.     
64.     <dependency>  
65.       <groupId>junit</groupId>  
66.       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
67.       <scope>test</scope>  
68.     </dependency>  
69.       
70.     <dependency>  
71.         <groupId>com.java.shiro</groupId>  
72.         <artifactId>user-dao</artifactId>  
73.         <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
74.     </dependency>  
75.   </dependencies>  
76. </project>  

4.1以maven创建user-web工程，工程类型为webapp。具体请参照前文。具体请参照Maven简明教程（3）---在eclipse中创建工程与基本命令介绍。建立的工程结构如下图所示：

4.2创建UserController.java文件，具体内容如下：

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1. package com.java.shiro.web.controller;  
2.   
3. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  
4. import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;  
5.   
6. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
7. import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
8. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
9.   
10. import com.java.shiro.entity.User;  
11. import com.java.shiro.service.UserService;  
12.   
13. @Controller  
14. @RequestMapping("/user")  
15. public class UserController {  
16.   
17.     @Autowired  
18.     private UserService userService;  
19.       
20.     /** 
21.      * 用户登录 
22.      * @param user 
23.      * @param request 
24.      * @return 
25.      */  
26.     @RequestMapping("/login")  
27.     public String login(User user,HttpServletRequest request){  
28.         User resultUser=userService.login(user);  
29.         if(resultUser==null){  
30.             System.out.println("用户名或密码错误！");  
31.             return "index";  
32.         }else{  
33.             HttpSession session=request.getSession();  
34.             session.setAttribute("currentUser", resultUser);  
35.             return "redirect:/success.jsp";  
36.         }  
37.     }  
38. }  

4.3创建applicationContext.xml文件，具体内容如下：

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
6.        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd  
7.         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd  
8.         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd  
9.         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd"  
10.        default-lazy-init="true">  
11.   
12.     <description>Spring公共配置</description>  
13.   
14.     <!-- 使用annotation 自动注册bean, 并保证@Required、@Autowired的属性被注入 -->  
15.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.java.shiro">  
16.         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation"  
17.                                 expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>  
18.         <context:exclude-filter type="annotation"  
19.                                 expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>  
20.     </context:component-scan>  
21. </beans>  

4.4创建spring-mvc.xml文件，具体内容如下：

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>      
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     
4.     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"    
5.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"     
6.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    
7.     xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"    
8.     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    
9.     xsi:schemaLocation="      
10.         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd    
11.         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd    
12.         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd    
13.         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.0.xsd    
14.         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">      
15.   
16.     <!-- 使用注解的包，包括子集 -->  
17.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.java.shiro" />  
18.   
19.     <!-- 视图解析器 -->  
20.     <bean id="viewResolver"  
21.         class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
22.         <property name="prefix" value="/" />  
23.         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>  
24.     </bean>  
25.   
26. </beans>    

4.5修改web.xml文件，具体内容如下：

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
3.     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
4.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"  
5.     id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">  
6.     <welcome-file-list>  
7.         <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  
8.     </welcome-file-list>  
9.   
10.     <!-- Spring配置文件 -->  
11.     <context-param>  
12.         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
13.         <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>  
14.     </context-param>  
15.     <!-- 编码过滤器 -->  
16.     <filter>  
17.         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
18.         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
19.         <async-supported>true</async-supported>  
20.         <init-param>  
21.             <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
22.             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
23.         </init-param>  
24.     </filter>  
25.     <filter-mapping>  
26.         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
27.         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
28.     </filter-mapping>  
29.     <!-- Spring监听器 -->  
30.     <listener>  
31.         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
32.     </listener>  
33.   
34.     <!-- 添加对springmvc的支持 -->  
35.     <servlet>  
36.         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  
37.         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
38.         <init-param>  
39.             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
40.             <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>  
41.         </init-param>  
42.         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
43.         <async-supported>true</async-supported>  
44.     </servlet>  
45.     <servlet-mapping>  
46.         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  
47.         <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>  
48.     </servlet-mapping>  
49. </web-app>  

4.5修改index.jsp文件，具体内容如下：

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1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  
2.     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  
3. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  
4. <html>  
5. <head>  
6. <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  
7. <title>Insert title here</title>  
8. </head>  
9. <body>  
10. <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/user/login.do" method="post">  
11.     userName:<input type="text" name="userName" value="${user.userName }"/><br/>  
12.     password:<input type="password" name="password" value="${user.password }"><br/>  
13.     <input type="submit" value="login"/><font color="red">${errorMsg }</font>  
14. </form>  
15. </body>  
16. </html>  

4.6创建success.jsp文件，具体内容如下：

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1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  
2.     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  
3. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  
4. <html>  
5. <head>  
6. <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  
7. <title>Insert title here</title>  
8. </head>  
9. <body>  
10. 欢迎：${currentUser.userName }  
11. </body>  
12. </html>  

4.7修改pom文件，具体内容如下：

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1. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
2.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">  
3.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  
4.   
5.     <parent>  
6.         <groupId>com.java.shiro</groupId>  
7.         <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId>  
8.         <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
9.         <relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>  
10.     </parent>  
11.   
12.     <artifactId>user-web</artifactId>  
13.     <packaging>war</packaging>  
14.   
15.     <dependencies>  
16.   
17.         <!-- 添加Servlet支持 -->  
18.         <dependency>  
19.             <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>  
20.             <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>  
21.         </dependency>  
22.   
23.         <dependency>  
24.             <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>  
25.             <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>  
26.         </dependency>  
27.   
28.         <!-- 添加jtl支持 -->  
29.         <dependency>  
30.             <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>  
31.             <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>  
32.         </dependency>  
33.   
34.   
35.         <!-- 添加Spring支持 -->  
36.         <dependency>  
37.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
38.             <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
39.         </dependency>  
40.         <dependency>  
41.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
42.             <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>  
43.         </dependency>  
44.         <dependency>  
45.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
46.             <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>  
47.         </dependency>  
48.         <dependency>  
49.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
50.             <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  
51.         </dependency>  
52.         <dependency>  
53.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
54.             <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>  
55.             <classifier>sources</classifier>  
56.         </dependency>  
57.         <dependency>  
58.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
59.             <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>  
60.         </dependency>  
61.   
62.         <dependency>  
63.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
64.             <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>  
65.         </dependency>  
66.   
67.         <dependency>  
68.             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
69.             <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
70.         </dependency>  
71.   
72.   
73.         <dependency>  
74.             <groupId>com.java.shiro</groupId>  
75.             <artifactId>user-service</artifactId>  
76.             <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  
77.         </dependency>  
78.   
79.         <dependency>  
80.             <groupId>junit</groupId>  
81.             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
82.             <scope>test</scope>  
83.         </dependency>  
84.         <dependency>  
85.             <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>  
86.             <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>  
87.             <version>1.8.8</version>  
88.         </dependency>  
89.     </dependencies>  
90.     <build>  
91.         <finalName>user-web</finalName>  
92.     </build>  
93. </project>  

测试方法：

将user-web项目部署在tomcat上，启动tomcat。在浏览器地址栏中输入http://localhost/user-web/，进入index.jsp页面，这里由于我们没有真正的验证用户的用户名，密码。因此，直接点击登陆按钮即可。紧接着，浏览器会提示我们tom已经成功登陆！

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