iOS 开发中WIFI相关功能总结

来源：互联网发布：web前端知乎编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/16 05:45

iOS 开发中难免会遇到很多与网络方面的判断，这里做个汇总，大多可能是与WiFi相关的。

1.Ping域名、Ping某IP

有时候可能会遇到ping 某个域名或者ip通不通，再做下一步操作。这里的ping与传统的做get或者post请求还是有很大区别的。比如我们连接了某个WiFi，测试ping www.baidu.com，如果能ping 通，基本可以断定可以上网了，但是如果我们做了一个get 请求（url 是www.baidu.com）,路由器可能重定向这个WiFi内的某网页了，依然没有错误返回，就会误认为可以正常上网。

这里有关于ping命令的详细解释：百度百科ping

iOS中想要ping域名或者ip，苹果提供了一个官方例子:SimplePing

在例子中，有一个苹果已经封装过的类【SimplePing.h】和【SimplePing.m】

使用起来也相当的简单：

a.首先创建一个Ping对象：

 SimplePing *pinger = [[SimplePing alloc] initWithHostName:self.hostName]; self.pinger = pinger; pinger.delegate = self; pinger.addressStyle = SimplePingAddressStyleICMPv4; [pinger start];

b.然后在start成功的代理方法中，发送数据报文：

/** *  start成功，也就是准备工作做完后的回调 */- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didStartWithAddress:(NSData *)address{    // 发送测试报文数据    [self.pinger sendPingWithData:nil];}- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didFailWithError:(NSError *)error{    NSLog(@"didFailWithError");    [self.pinger stop];}

c.其他几个代理方法也非常简单，就简单记录一下：

// 发送测试报文成功的回调方法- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didSendPacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber{    NSLog(@"#%u sent", sequenceNumber);}//发送测试报文失败的回调方法- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didFailToSendPacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber error:(NSError *)error{    NSLog(@"#%u send failed: %@", sequenceNumber, error);}// 接收到ping的地址所返回的数据报文回调方法- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didReceivePingResponsePacket:(NSData *)packet sequenceNumber:(uint16_t)sequenceNumber{    NSLog(@"#%u received, size=%zu", sequenceNumber, packet.length);}- (void)simplePing:(SimplePing *)pinger didReceiveUnexpectedPacket:(NSData *)packet{    NSLog(@"#%s",__func__);}

*********注意点：

iOS 中 ping失败后（即发送测试报文成功后，一直没后收到响应的报文）,不会有任何回调方法告知我们。而一般ping 一次的结果也不太准确，ping 花费的时间也非常短，所以我们一般会ping多次，发送一次ping 测试报文0.5s后检测一下这一次ping是否已经收到响应。0.5s后检测时，如果已经收到响应，则可以ping 通；如果没有收到响应，则视为超时。

做法也有很多种，可以用NSTimer或者 {- (void)performSelector: withObject:afterDelay:}

这里有一个别人写的工程：https://github.com/lovesunstar/STPingTest

PingTest效果图

终端ping效果图

2.获取WiFi信息

以前物联网刚火的时候，出现过很多一体式无线路由，所以App里难免会遇到要判断当前所连接的WiFi，以及获取WiFi信息的功能。

需要导入import SystemConfiguration.CaptiveNetwork

//获取WiFi 信息，返回的字典中包含了WiFi的名称、路由器的Mac地址、还有一个Data(转换成字符串打印出来是wifi名称)- (NSDictionary *)fetchSSIDInfo {    NSArray *ifs = (__bridge_transfer NSArray *)CNCopySupportedInterfaces();    if (!ifs) {        return nil;    }    NSDictionary *info = nil;    for (NSString *ifnam in ifs) {        info = (__bridge_transfer NSDictionary *)CNCopyCurrentNetworkInfo((__bridge CFStringRef)ifnam);        if (info && [info count]) { break; }    }    return info;}//打印出来的结果：2017-03-02 15:28:51.674 SimplePing[18883:6790207] WIFI_INFO:{    BSSID = "a4:2b:8c:c:7f:bd";    SSID = bdmy06;    SSIDDATA = ;}

3.获取WiFi名称

有了上一步，获取WiFi名称就非常简单了。

NSString *WiFiName = info[@"SSID"];//打印结果：2017-03-02 15:35:13.059 SimplePing[18887:6791418] bdmy06

完整的：

- (NSString *)fetchWiFiName {    NSArray *ifs = (__bridge_transfer NSArray *)CNCopySupportedInterfaces();    if (!ifs) {        return nil;    }    NSString *WiFiName = nil;    for (NSString *ifnam in ifs) {        NSDictionary *info = (__bridge_transfer NSDictionary *)CNCopyCurrentNetworkInfo((__bridge CFStringRef)ifnam);        if (info && [info count]) {            // 这里其实对应的有三个key:kCNNetworkInfoKeySSID、kCNNetworkInfoKeyBSSID、kCNNetworkInfoKeySSIDData，            // 不过它们都是CFStringRef类型的            WiFiName = [info objectForKey:(__bridge NSString *)kCNNetworkInfoKeySSID];//            WiFiName = [info objectForKey:@"SSID"];            break;        }    }    return WiFiName;}

4.获取当前所连接WiFi的网关地址

- (NSString *)getGatewayIpForCurrentWiFi {    NSString *address = @"error";    struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;    struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;    int success = 0;    // retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success    success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);    if (success == 0) {        // Loop through linked list of interfaces        temp_addr = interfaces;        //*/        while(temp_addr != NULL) {        /*/         int i=255;         while((i--)>0)         //*/            if(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {                // Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone                if([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@"en0"])                {                    // Get NSString from C String //ifa_addr                    //ifa->ifa_dstaddr is the broadcast address, which explains the "255's"                    //                    address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)];                    address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];                    //routerIP----192.168.1.255 广播地址                    NSLog(@"broadcast address--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)]);                    //--192.168.1.106 本机地址                    NSLog(@"local device ip--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)]);                    //--255.255.255.0 子网掩码地址                    NSLog(@"netmask--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_netmask)->sin_addr)]);                    //--en0 端口地址                    NSLog(@"interface--%@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name]);                }            }            temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;        }    }    // Free memory    freeifaddrs(interfaces);    in_addr_t i = inet_addr([address cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);    in_addr_t* x = &i;    unsigned char *s = getdefaultgateway(x);    NSString *ip=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.%d.%d.%d",s[0],s[1],s[2],s[3]];    free(s);    return ip;}

5.获取本机在WiFi环境下的IP地址

- (NSString *)getLocalIPAddressForCurrentWiFi{    NSString *address = nil;    struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;    struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;    int success = 0;    // retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success    success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);    if (success == 0) {        // Loop through linked list of interfaces        temp_addr = interfaces;        while(temp_addr != NULL) {            if(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {                // Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone                if([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@"en0"]) {                    address = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];                    return address;                }            }            temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;        }        freeifaddrs(interfaces);    }    return nil;}

6.获取广播地址、子网掩码、端口等

- (NSMutableDictionary *)getLocalInfoForCurrentWiFi {    NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];    struct ifaddrs *interfaces = NULL;    struct ifaddrs *temp_addr = NULL;    int success = 0;    // retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success    success = getifaddrs(&interfaces);    if (success == 0) {        // Loop through linked list of interfaces        temp_addr = interfaces;        //*/        while(temp_addr != NULL) {            if(temp_addr->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {                // Check if interface is en0 which is the wifi connection on the iPhone                if([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name] isEqualToString:@"en0"]) {                    //----192.168.1.255 广播地址                    NSString *broadcast = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_dstaddr)->sin_addr)];                    if (broadcast) {                        [dict setObject:broadcast forKey:@"broadcast"];                    }                    NSLog(@"broadcast address--%@",broadcast);                    //--192.168.1.106 本机地址                    NSString *localIp = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_addr)->sin_addr)];                    if (localIp) {                        [dict setObject:localIp forKey:@"localIp"];                    }                    NSLog(@"local device ip--%@",localIp);                    //--255.255.255.0 子网掩码地址                    NSString *netmask = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)temp_addr->ifa_netmask)->sin_addr)];                    if (netmask) {                        [dict setObject:netmask forKey:@"netmask"];                    }                    NSLog(@"netmask--%@",netmask);                    //--en0 端口地址                    NSString *interface = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:temp_addr->ifa_name];                    if (interface) {                        [dict setObject:interface forKey:@"interface"];                    }                    NSLog(@"interface--%@",interface);                    return dict;                }            }            temp_addr = temp_addr->ifa_next;        }    }    // Free memory    freeifaddrs(interfaces);    return dict;}

打印结果：

2017-03-02 17:59:09.257 SimplePing[19141:6830567] wifi:{    broadcast = "192.168.1.255";    interface = en0;    localIp = "192.168.1.7";    netmask = "255.255.255.0";}

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