C++ STL 学习笔记 map multimap

map multimap

map,multimap key-value对容器，也叫字典，map中不能存放key相同的元素，而multimap可以，容器中元素默认按升序排序

map multimap的相关操作

m.insert(map<T1,T2>::value_type(a1,a2));m.insert(make_pair(a1,a2));m.insert(pair<T1,T2>(a1,a2));a[a1]=a2;                                //multimap不能用这种方式m.find(val)              //查找元素，返回迭代器m.erase(key)             //通过key删除元素m.erase(it)              //通过迭代器删除元素m.erase(it1,it2)         //删除迭代器范围内的元素

学习代码

#include <iostream>#include <map>#include <string>using namespace std;int main(){    map<int, string> a;  //键不能重复,默认按升序排序    multimap<int, string> ma;    a.insert(map<int, string>::value_type(1, "One"));    a.insert(map<int, string>::value_type(1, "one"));    a.insert(map<int, string>::value_type(2, "Two"));    a.insert(map<int, string>::value_type(3, "Three"));    a.insert(make_pair(-1, "Minus One"));    a.insert(pair<int, string>(1000, "One Thousand"));    a[1000000] = "One Million";//multimap不能用这种方式    cout << "最简单那的查找" << endl;    cout << a[3] << endl;    cout << "map里一共有" << a.size() << "个kye-value对数据" << endl;    map<int, string>::const_iterator it = a.begin();    while (it != a.end())    {        cout << "key" << it->first ;        cout << " value" << it->second.c_str();        cout << endl;        ++it;    }    ma.insert(multimap<int, string>::value_type(3, "Three"));    ma.insert(multimap<int, string>::value_type(45, "Forty Five"));    ma.insert(make_pair(-1, "Minus one"));    ma.insert(pair<int, string>(1000, "One Thousand"));    ma.insert(pair<int, string>(1000, "One Thousand"));    multimap<int, string>::const_iterator itm = ma.begin();    while (itm != ma.end())    {        cout << "key:" << itm->first;        cout << " value:" << itm->second.c_str();        cout << endl;        ++itm;    }    cout << "multimap里有" << ma.count(1000) << "个1000" << endl;    multimap<int, string>::const_iterator fi;    fi=ma.find(45);    if (fi != ma.end())    {        cout << "找到了" << fi->first<<"  "<<fi->second.c_str()<< endl;    }    else    {        cout << "没找到" << endl;    }    fi = ma.find(1000);    if (fi != ma.end())    {        cout << "找到了1000" << endl;        size_t n = ma.count(1000);        for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++)        {            cout << "key:" << fi->first << "value:" << fi->second.c_str() << endl;            ++fi;        }    }    else {        cout << "没找到" << endl;    }    if (ma.erase(-1) > 0)        cout << "删除-1成功" << endl;    multimap<int, string>::iterator itm2 = ma.find(45);    if (itm2 != ma.end())    {        ma.erase(itm2);        cout << "删除45成功" << endl;    }    ma.erase(ma.lower_bound(1000), ma.upper_bound(1000));//迭代器    getchar();    return 0;}