在mysql 里实现查询汉字的拼音首字母

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2008年03月19日星期三 12:41

php 里查询汉字的拼音首字母已经有很多参考的代码了。
现在给出在mysql 里实现的，测试环境是mysql-5.0.27-win32

1、建立拼音首字母资料表

CODE:

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `pyk`;
   CREATE TABLE `pyk` (
   `PY` varchar(1) ,
   `HZ1` int   ,
   `HZ2` int
   ) ;

INSERT INTO `pyk` (`PY`,`HZ1`,`HZ2`) VALUES
('A',-20319,-20284),
('B',-20283,-19776),
('C',-19775,-19219),
('D',-19218,-18711),
('E',-18710,-18527),
('F',-18526,-18240),
('G',-18239,-17923),
('I',-17922,-17418),
('J',-17417,-16475),
('K',-16474,-16213),
('L',-16212,-15641),
('M',-15640,-15166),
('N',-15165,-14923),
('O',-14922,-14915),
('P',-14914,-14631),
('Q',-14630,-14150),
('R',-14149,-14091),
('S',-14090,-13319),
('V',-13318,-12839),
('W',-12838,-12557),
('X',-12556,-11848),
('Y',-11847,-11056),
('Z',-11055,-10247);

2、建立mysql 函数

CODE:

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DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS hzcode;

delimiter //

CREATE FUNCTION hzcode (s CHAR(255)) RETURNS char
BEGIN
DECLARE hz_code int;
DECLARE hz_py char;
SET hz_code = ord(substring(s,1,1))*256+ord(substring(s,2,1))-65536 ;
select py into hz_py from pyk where hz_code>=pyk.hz1 and hz_code<=pyk
.hz2;
RETURN hz_py;
END
//

delimiter ;

3、先测试一下
mysql> select hzcode('南海龙王');
+--------------------+
| hzcode('南海龙王') |
+--------------------+
| N |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4、建立个测试表

CODE:

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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `f1`;
create table f1 (
name varchar(30),
pykey varchar(1)
);

insert into f1(name) values
('张三'),
('李四'),
('王五'),
('赵六'),
('钱七');

5、测试

mysql> select * from f1;
+------+-------+
| name | pykey |
+------+-------+
| 张三 | NULL   |
| 李四 | NULL   |
| 王五 | NULL   |
| 赵六 | NULL   |
| 钱七 | NULL   |
+------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update f1 set pykey = hzcode(name);
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Rows matched: 5   Changed: 5   Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from f1;
+------+-------+
| name | pykey |
+------+-------+
| 张三 | Z     |
| 李四 | L     |
| 王五 | W     |
| 赵六 | Z     |
| 钱七 | Q     |
+------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

这样就很方便地在MYSQL里查询汉字的首字母了。类似地也可以直接在MYSQL得到汉字拼音。不过需要拼音表，函数写法也不一样。