Quartz+JAVA+Servlet实现任务调度系统（简洁）

1.开发环境 tomcat8.5，Jdk1.8，maven ；技术：java ,quartz,servlet(为了简便)
2.该系统使用场景：

`在12306上买了一张火车票，30分钟内需要支付（需要添加一个倒计时），30分钟还没有支付就请求取消订单的接口（自动根据url请求），如果支付了收到了支付的回调通知后，就删除计时器上的该任务`

3.测试环境：需要两个项目，一个为生产环境，一个为调度服务器（后边测试我只用一个调度环境，生产环境通过http请求工具模拟测试）
4.创建maven项目：JobServer ，下图是项目结构图

5.引入所需要依赖的jar包

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.quartz-scheduler/quartz -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>            <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>            <version>2.2.2</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>            <version>2.5.3</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>            <version>2.5.3</version>        </dependency>        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-beanutils/commons-beanutils -->        <dependency>            <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>            <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>            <version>1.9.2</version>        </dependency>        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-collections/commons-collections -->        <dependency>            <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>            <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>            <version>3.2.2</version>        </dependency>        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-lang/commons-lang -->        <dependency>            <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>            <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>            <version>2.6</version>        </dependency>        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->        <dependency>            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>            <version>1.2</version>        </dependency>        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sf.ezmorph/ezmorph -->        <dependency>            <groupId>net.sf.ezmorph</groupId>            <artifactId>ezmorph</artifactId>            <version>1.0.6</version>        </dependency>        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sf.json-lib/json-lib -->        <dependency>            <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>            <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>            <version>2.4</version>        </dependency>

编写以下类：

Config.java

package com.job.config;public class Config {    public static String token="SB is zhangke";    private Config() {        super();    }}

JobGroupInfo.java

package com.job.model;public class JobGroupInfo {    private String jobName;//任务名字    private String jobGroupName;//组名字    private Long nextFireTime;//下次执行时间    public String getJobName() {        return jobName;    }    public void setJobName(String jobName) {        this.jobName = jobName;    }    public String getJobGroupName() {        return jobGroupName;    }    public void setJobGroupName(String jobGroupName) {        this.jobGroupName = jobGroupName;    }    public Long getNextFireTime() {        return nextFireTime;    }    public void setNextFireTime(Long nextFireTime) {        this.nextFireTime = nextFireTime;    }    public JobGroupInfo() {        super();        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }    public JobGroupInfo(String jobName, String jobGroupName, Long nextFireTime) {        super();        this.jobName = jobName;        this.jobGroupName = jobGroupName;        this.nextFireTime = nextFireTime;    }}

package com.job.model;

TaskInfo.java

public class TaskInfo {    private String backUrl;//任务回调地址    private String jobName;//任务名字    private Integer seconds;//计时时间    private Object context;//其他内容    private Integer errormaxcount;//失败请求的次数    private String jobGorupName;//任务组名字    public String getJobGorupName() {        return jobGorupName;    }    public void setJobGorupName(String jobGorupName) {        this.jobGorupName = jobGorupName;    }    public Integer getErrormaxcount() {        return errormaxcount;    }    public void setErrormaxcount(Integer errormaxcount) {        this.errormaxcount = errormaxcount;    }    public String getBackUrl() {        return backUrl;    }    public void setBackUrl(String backUrl) {        this.backUrl = backUrl;    }    public String getJobName() {        return jobName;    }    public void setJobName(String jobName) {        this.jobName = jobName;    }    public Integer getSeconds() {        return seconds;    }    public void setSeconds(Integer seconds) {        this.seconds = seconds;    }    public Object getContext() {        return context;    }    public void setContext(Object context) {        this.context = context;    }    public TaskInfo() {        super();        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }    public TaskInfo(String backUrl, String jobName, Integer seconds,            Object context, Integer errormaxcount, String jobGorupName) {        super();        this.backUrl = backUrl;        this.jobName = jobName;        this.seconds = seconds;        this.context = context;        this.errormaxcount = errormaxcount;        this.jobGorupName = jobGorupName;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "TaskInfo [backUrl=" + backUrl + ", jobName=" + jobName                + ", seconds=" + seconds + ", context=" + context                + ", errormaxcount=" + errormaxcount + ", jobGorupName="                + jobGorupName + "]";    }}

JobBack.java

package com.job.server;import org.quartz.Job;import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;import com.job.config.Config;import com.job.model.TaskInfo;import com.job.utli.HttpUtil;import com.job.utli.MD5Util;/** * 执行回调任务 *  * @author niewei * */public class JobBack implements Job {    //回调执行方法    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {        //得到添加任务中的参数        TaskInfo task = (TaskInfo) context.getMergedJobDataMap().get("task");        sendBack(task);    }    private void sendBack(TaskInfo task) {        task.setErrormaxcount(task.getErrormaxcount() - 1);        // 得到参数请求回调        try {            //拼装请求地址以及参数            String uri = "jobName=" + task.getJobName() + "&context=" + task.getContext() + "&jobGorupName="                    + task.getJobGorupName() + "&paramkey=" + MD5Util.GetMD5Code(Config.token);            //请求并得到返回值            String res = HttpUtil.request_post(task.getBackUrl(), uri);            //如果返回值不是“SUCCESS” 就等待10S进行重复请求（此处避免请求失败就结束请求，参数中传递了一个失败请求次数）            if (!res.trim().equals("SUCCESS")) {                //如果请求错误次数还大于0                if (task.getErrormaxcount() >= 1) {                    Thread.sleep(10000);                    sendBack(task);                }            }        } catch (Exception e) {            System.out.println(e.getMessage());            if (task.getErrormaxcount() >= 1) {                try {                    Thread.sleep(10000);                } catch (InterruptedException e1) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e1.printStackTrace();                }                sendBack(task);            }        }    }}

JobManager.java

package com.job.server;import java.util.Date;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import org.quartz.Job;import org.quartz.JobDetail;import org.quartz.JobKey;import org.quartz.Scheduler;import org.quartz.SchedulerException;import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;import org.quartz.core.jmx.JobDetailSupport;import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;import org.quartz.impl.triggers.SimpleTriggerImpl;/** * 任务调度 * @author niewei * */public class JobManager {    private final static String TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME = "QUARTZ_TRIGGERGROUP";//触发器组    private final static SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();    /**     * 添加任务     * @param jobName 任务名称     * @param job 任务处理类 需要继承Job     * @param context 处理任务可以获取的上下文 通过context.getMergedJobDataMap().getString("context"); 获取     * @param seconds 间隔秒     * @return     */    public static int addJob(String jobName,Class<? extends Job> job,Object task,int seconds,String jobGorupName){        try {            //判断任务是否存在            Scheduler sche = sf.getScheduler();            JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName,jobGorupName);            if(sche.checkExists(jobKey)){                return 1;//任务已经存在             }            //创建一个JobDetail实例，指定SimpleJob            Map<String, Object> JobDetailmap =new HashMap<String, Object>();            JobDetailmap.put("name", jobName);//设置任务名字            JobDetailmap.put("group", jobGorupName);//设置任务组            JobDetailmap.put("jobClass",job.getCanonicalName());//指定执行类  Task.class.getCanonicalName()            JobDetail jobDetail=JobDetailSupport.newJobDetail(JobDetailmap);            //添加数据内容            jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("task",task);//传输的上下文            //通过SimpleTrigger定义调度规则：马上启动，每2秒运行一次，共运行100次  等。。。。            SimpleTriggerImpl simpleTrigger = new SimpleTriggerImpl();            simpleTrigger.setName(jobName);            simpleTrigger.setGroup(TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME);            //什么时候开始执行            simpleTrigger.setStartTime(new Date(new Date().getTime()+1000*seconds));            //间隔时间            simpleTrigger.setRepeatInterval(1000*seconds);            //最多访问次数  默认执行一次            simpleTrigger.setRepeatCount(0);            //通过SchedulerFactory获取一个调度器实例            SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();            Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();            scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, simpleTrigger);//④ 注册并进行调度            scheduler.start();//⑤调度启动            return 0;//添加成功        } catch (Exception e) {            //e.printStackTrace();            return 2;//操作异常        }    }    /**     * 关闭任务调度     * @param jobName 任务名称     * @return 0 关闭成功 1： 关闭失败 2：操作异常     */    public static int closeJob(String jobName,String jobGorupName){        //关闭任务调度        try {            Scheduler sche = sf.getScheduler();            JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName,jobGorupName);            return sche.deleteJob(jobKey)==true?0:1;        } catch (SchedulerException e) {            //e.printStackTrace();            return 2;        }    }    private JobManager() {}}

AddJob.java

package com.job.servlet;import java.io.IOException;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import com.job.model.TaskInfo;import com.job.server.JobBack;import com.job.server.JobManager;/*** * 添加任务调度 *  * @author niewei * */@WebServlet("/addJob.do")public class AddJob extends HttpServlet {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    /**     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()     */    public AddJob() {        super();        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }    /**     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse     *      response)     */    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        //避免get 请求        response.sendError(403);        // doPost(request, response);    }    /**     * 处理添加任务     */    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        // 设置编码        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");        response.setContentType("utf-8");        // 得到请求        String jobName = request.getParameter("jobName");// 得到任务名称        // 得到token        //String token = request.getParameter("token");        // 验证签名        /*if (!MD5Util.GetMD5Code(jobName + Config.token + "zhangke is shabi!").equals(token)) {            return;        }*/        // 得到回调        String backUrl = request.getParameter("backUrl");        // 得到请求定时时间        Integer seconds = Integer.valueOf(request.getParameter("seconds"));        String errMaxCount = request.getParameter("errormaxcount");        Integer errormaxcount = errMaxCount == null ? 1 : Integer.valueOf(errMaxCount);// 回调请求失败的次数                                                                                        // 默认为一次        // 得到其他参数        String context = request.getParameter("context");        // 得到任务组        String jobGorupName = request.getParameter("jobGorupName");        TaskInfo t = new TaskInfo(backUrl, jobName, seconds, context, errormaxcount, jobGorupName);        // 添加任务        Integer res = JobManager.addJob(jobName, JobBack.class, t, seconds, jobGorupName);        response.getWriter().write(res.toString());    }}

MonitoringJob.java

package com.job.servlet;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Date;import java.util.List;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.quartz.JobKey;import org.quartz.Scheduler;import org.quartz.SchedulerException;import org.quartz.Trigger;import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;import org.quartz.impl.matchers.GroupMatcher;import com.job.model.JobGroupInfo;import net.sf.json.JSONArray;/*** * 查看任务情况 *  * @author niewei * */@WebServlet("/monitoringJob.do")public class MonitoringJob extends HttpServlet {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    /**     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()     */    public MonitoringJob() {        super();    }    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,            HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {        doPost(request, response);    }    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,            HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");        response.setContentType("text/json;char=utf-8");        // 得到任务组名字        String jobGroupName = request.getParameter("jobGroupName");        // 验证是否为空        //monitoringJob.do        List<JobGroupInfo> list=new ArrayList<JobGroupInfo>();        try {            Scheduler scheduler = new StdSchedulerFactory().getScheduler();            for (JobKey jobKey : scheduler.getJobKeys(GroupMatcher.jobGroupEquals(jobGroupName==null?"":jobGroupName))) {                String jobName = jobKey.getName();                String jobGroup = jobKey.getGroup();                // get job's trigger                List<Trigger> triggers = (List<Trigger>) scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(jobKey);                Date nextFireTime = triggers.get(0).getNextFireTime(); // 下一次执行时间、                JobGroupInfo gri=new JobGroupInfo(jobName, jobGroup, nextFireTime.getTime());                list.add(gri);            }            response.getWriter().write(JSONArray.fromObject(list).toString());        } catch (SchedulerException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

RemoveJob.java

package com.job.servlet;import java.io.IOException;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import com.job.server.JobManager;/*** * 移除任务 * @author niewei * */@WebServlet("/removeJob.do")public class RemoveJob extends HttpServlet {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    /**     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()     */    public RemoveJob() {        super();        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }    /**     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)     */    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {        response.sendError(403);    }    /**     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)     */    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {        //得到任务名        String jobName=request.getParameter("jobName");        //得到签名        String token =request.getParameter("token");        //得到任务组        String jobGorupName=request.getParameter("jobGorupName");        //验证签名        /*if(!MD5Util.GetMD5Code(jobName+Config.token+"zhangke is sb!").equals(token)){            response.getWriter().write("2");            return;        }*/        //执行移除操作        int res=JobManager.closeJob(jobName,jobGorupName);        if(res==0){//成功            response.getWriter().write("0");        }else if(res==1){//不存在            response.getWriter().write("1");        }else{            //报错啦！            response.getWriter().write("2");        }    }}

TestBack.java(这个servlet是用来测试回调用，我回调url就写这个。。)

package com.job.servlet;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.Date;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import net.sf.json.JSONObject;import org.quartz.JobKey;import org.quartz.Scheduler;import org.quartz.SchedulerException;import org.quartz.Trigger;import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;import org.quartz.impl.matchers.GroupMatcher;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.util.JSONPObject;/** * 测试回调地址 */@WebServlet("/testback")public class TestBack extends HttpServlet {    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    /**     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()     */    public TestBack() {        super();        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }    /**     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)     */    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {        System.out.println("get请求");        // TODO Auto-generated method stub    }    /**     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)     */    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");        Map<String, String[]> map=request.getParameterMap();        Iterator<String> iter = map.keySet().iterator();        while (iter.hasNext()) {            String key=iter.next();            System.out.println("key："+key+" value:"+map.get(key)[0]);        }         response.getWriter().write("SUCCESS");    }}

HttpUtil.java

package com.job.utli;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.URL;public class HttpUtil {    public static String request_get(String httpUrl) {        BufferedReader reader = null;        String result = null;        StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();        try {            URL url = new URL(httpUrl);            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url                    .openConnection();            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");            connection.setDoOutput(true);            connection.setDoInput(true);            connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);            connection.setReadTimeout(20000);            connection.connect();            InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8"));            String strRead = null;            while ((strRead = reader.readLine()) != null) {                sbf.append(strRead);                sbf.append("\r\n");            }            reader.close();            result = sbf.toString();        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return result;    }    public static String request_post(String httpUrl, String httpArg) {        BufferedReader reader = null;        String result = null;        StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();        try {            URL url = new URL(httpUrl);            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url                    .openConnection();            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");            connection.setDoOutput(true);            connection.setDoInput(true);            connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);            connection.setReadTimeout(20000);            connection.getOutputStream().write(httpArg.getBytes("UTF-8"));            connection.connect();            InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8"));            String strRead = null;            while ((strRead = reader.readLine()) != null) {                sbf.append(strRead);                sbf.append("\r\n");            }            reader.close();            result = sbf.toString();        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return result;    }}

MD5Util.java

package com.job.utli;import java.security.MessageDigest;import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;/*** *md5 * @author niewei * */public class MD5Util {    private final static String[] strDigits = { "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5",            "6", "7", "8", "9", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" };    public MD5Util() {    }    private static String byteToArrayString(byte bByte) {        int iRet = bByte;        if (iRet < 0) {            iRet += 256;        }        int iD1 = iRet / 16;        int iD2 = iRet % 16;        return strDigits[iD1] + strDigits[iD2];    }    private static String byteToNum(byte bByte) {        int iRet = bByte;        System.out.println("iRet1=" + iRet);        if (iRet < 0) {            iRet += 256;        }        return String.valueOf(iRet);    }    private static String byteToString(byte[] bByte) {        StringBuffer sBuffer = new StringBuffer();        for (int i = 0; i < bByte.length; i++) {            sBuffer.append(byteToArrayString(bByte[i]));        }        return sBuffer.toString();    }    public static String GetMD5Code(String strObj) {        String resultString = null;        try {            resultString = new String(strObj);            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");            resultString = byteToString(md.digest(strObj.getBytes()));        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {            ex.printStackTrace();        }        return resultString;    }}

以上代码编写完了之后就跑起来

测试

1.我使用火狐浏览器—》附加组件—》搜索HttpRequester安装重启火狐即可
2.

在测试工具中填写如下类型参数即可，注意回调地址我写的调度中心的测试方法
3.等5s中就能在在控制台中打印出来

以上大致就完成了，查看任务详情，和删除任务就不一一测试了。

以上只是简单得一个场景测试，重启服务器任务就丢失，所以这样不是很推荐这样在生产环境中使用，后边文章中会吧任务放置数据库中。