springboot配置异常

来源：互联网发布：自学编程入门编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/06 05:31

背景

Springboot 默认把异常的处理集中到一个ModelAndView中了，但项目的实际过程中，这样做，并不能满足我们的要求。具体的自定义异常的处理，参看以下

前提

Springboot 默认的application properties
Spring Boot异常处理详解

具体实现

如果仔细看完spring boot的异常处理详解，并且研究过源码后，我觉得具体的实现可以不用看了。。。
重写定义错误页面的url，默认只有一个/error

@Bean    public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer containerCustomizer(){        return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer(){            @Override            public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {                container.addErrorPages(new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "/error/404"));                container.addErrorPages(new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "/error/500"));                container.addErrorPages(new ErrorPage(java.lang.Throwable.class,"/error/500"));            }        };    }1
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重写通过实现ErrorController，重写BasicErrorController的功能实现

** * 重写BasicErrorController,主要负责系统的异常页面的处理以及错误信息的显示 * @see org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController * @see org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration * * @author Jonathan * @version 2016/5/31 11:22 * @since JDK 7.0+ */@Controller@RequestMapping(value = "error")@EnableConfigurationProperties({ServerProperties.class})public class ExceptionController implements ErrorController {    private ErrorAttributes errorAttributes;    @Autowired    private ServerProperties serverProperties;    /**     * 初始化ExceptionController     * @param errorAttributes     */    @Autowired    public ExceptionController(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {        Assert.notNull(errorAttributes, "ErrorAttributes must not be null");        this.errorAttributes = errorAttributes;    }    /**     * 定义404的ModelAndView     * @param request     * @param response     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(produces = "text/html",value = "404")    public ModelAndView errorHtml404(HttpServletRequest request,                                  HttpServletResponse response) {        response.setStatus(getStatus(request).value());        Map<String, Object> model = getErrorAttributes(request,                isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));        return new ModelAndView("error/404", model);    }    /**     * 定义404的JSON数据     * @param request     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value = "404")    @ResponseBody    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error404(HttpServletRequest request) {        Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,                isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));        HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);        return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status);    }    /**     * 定义500的ModelAndView     * @param request     * @param response     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(produces = "text/html",value = "500")    public ModelAndView errorHtml500(HttpServletRequest request,                                  HttpServletResponse response) {        response.setStatus(getStatus(request).value());        Map<String, Object> model = getErrorAttributes(request,                isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));        return new ModelAndView("error/500", model);    }    /**     * 定义500的错误JSON信息     * @param request     * @return     */    @RequestMapping(value = "500")    @ResponseBody    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error500(HttpServletRequest request) {        Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,                isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));        HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);        return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status);    }    /**     * Determine if the stacktrace attribute should be included.     * @param request the source request     * @param produces the media type produced (or {@code MediaType.ALL})     * @return if the stacktrace attribute should be included     */    protected boolean isIncludeStackTrace(HttpServletRequest request,                                          MediaType produces) {        ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace include = this.serverProperties.getError().getIncludeStacktrace();        if (include == ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace.ALWAYS) {            return true;        }        if (include == ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace.ON_TRACE_PARAM) {            return getTraceParameter(request);        }        return false;    }    /**     * 获取错误的信息     * @param request     * @param includeStackTrace     * @return     */    private Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(HttpServletRequest request,                                                   boolean includeStackTrace) {        RequestAttributes requestAttributes = new ServletRequestAttributes(request);        return this.errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes(requestAttributes,                includeStackTrace);    }    /**     * 是否包含trace     * @param request     * @return     */    private boolean getTraceParameter(HttpServletRequest request) {        String parameter = request.getParameter("trace");        if (parameter == null) {            return false;        }        return !"false".equals(parameter.toLowerCase());    }    /**     * 获取错误编码     * @param request     * @return     */    private HttpStatus getStatus(HttpServletRequest request) {        Integer statusCode = (Integer) request                .getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");        if (statusCode == null) {            return HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;        }        try {            return HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode);        }        catch (Exception ex) {            return HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;        }    }    /**     * 实现错误路径,暂时无用     * @see ExceptionMvcAutoConfiguration#containerCustomizer()     * @return     */    @Override    public String getErrorPath() {        return "";    }}1
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总结

第一步，通过定义containerCustomizer,重写定义了异常处理对应的视图。目前定义了404和500，可以继续扩展。
第二步，重写BasicErrorController,当然可以直接定义一个普通的controller类，直接实现第一步定义的视图的方法。重写的目的是重用ErrorAttributes。这样在页面，直接可以获取到status,message,exception,trace等内容。
如果仅仅是把异常处理的视图作为静态页面，不需要看到异常信息内容的话，直接第一步后，再定义error/404，error/500等静态视图即可。

ErrorController根据Accept头的内容，输出不同格式的错误响应。比如针对浏览器的请求生成html页面，针对其它请求生成json格式的返回

以上两步的操作，比网上流传的更能实现自定义化。

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