Asp.Net MVC 之 Autofac 初步使用2 集成mvc 属性注入以及自动注入

首先看下Demo2的结构

分享下demo源码 ：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qYtZCrM

   

然后下面一步步将Autofac集成到mvc中。

首先，定义Model Product.cs

public class Product    {        public int Id { get; set; }        public string Name { get; set; }        public double Price { get; set; }        public string Remark { get; set; }        public DateTime Date { get; set; }    }

Product.cs

 第二步 创建文件夹IRepository 用于存放仓储接口IProductRepository

 public interface IProductRepository    {        IEnumerable<Product> GetAll();        Product Get(int id);        Product Add(Product item);        bool Update(Product item);        bool Delete(int id);    }

IProductRepository.cs

 第三步 创建文件夹Repository 定义ProductRepository 实现IProductRepository仓储接口

  public class ProductRepository : IProductRepository    {        private List<Product> Products = new List<Product>();        public ProductRepository()        {            Add(new Product { Id = 1, Name = "手机", Price = 100, Remark = "4g 手机", Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1) });            Add(new Product { Id = 2, Name = "电脑", Price = 120, Remark = "笔记本本", Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-2) });            Add(new Product { Id = 3, Name = "bb机", Price = 10, Remark = "大时代必备", Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1100) });            Add(new Product { Id = 4, Name = "pad", Price = 130, Remark = "mini 电脑", Date = DateTime.Now });        }        public IEnumerable<Product> GetAll()        {            return Products;        }        public Product Get(int id)        {            return Products.Find(p => p.Id == id);        }        public Product Add(Product item)        {            if (item == null)            {                throw new ArgumentNullException("item");            }            Products.Add(item);            return item;        }        public bool Update(Product item)        {            if (item == null)            {                throw new ArgumentNullException("item");            }            int index = Products.FindIndex(p => p.Id == item.Id);            if (index == -1)            {                return false;            }            Products.RemoveAt(index);            Products.Add(item);            return true;        }        public bool Delete(int id)        {            Products.RemoveAll(p => p.Id == id);            return true;        }    }

ProductRepository.cs

 ok,WebApplication_AutoFac引用AutoFac_Demo2 以及从VS中的NuGet来加载Autofac.Integration.Mvc

下一步定义ProductController 这里我们用构造器注入

 public class ProductController : Controller    {        readonly IProductRepository repository;        //构造器注入        public ProductController(IProductRepository repository)        {            this.repository = repository;        }        // GET: /Product/        public ActionResult Index()        {            var data = repository.GetAll();            return View(data);        }    }

ProductController.cs

 index页也比较简单，用vs根据model生成的list页

@model IEnumerable<AutoFac_Demo2.Model.Product>@{    ViewBag.Title = "Index";    Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";}<h2>Index</h2><p>    @Html.ActionLink("Create New", "Create")</p><table class="table">    <tr>        <th>            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Name)        </th>        <th>            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Price)        </th>        <th>            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Remark)        </th>        <th>            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Date)        </th>        <th></th>    </tr>@foreach (var item in Model) {    <tr>        <td>            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Name)        </td>        <td>            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Price)        </td>        <td>            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Remark)        </td>        <td>            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Date)        </td>        <td>            @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id=item.Id }) |            @Html.ActionLink("Details", "Details", new { id=item.Id }) |            @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id=item.Id })        </td>    </tr>}</table>

Index.cshtml

 最后最关键的实现注入

protected void Application_Start()        {            //创建autofac管理注册类的容器实例            var builder = new ContainerBuilder();            //下面就需要为这个容器注册它可以管理的类型            //builder的Register方法可以通过多种方式注册类型,之前在demo1里面也演示了好几种方式了。            builder.RegisterType<ProductRepository>().As<IProductRepository>();            //使用Autofac提供的RegisterControllers扩展方法来对程序集中所有的Controller一次性的完成注册            builder.RegisterControllers(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());//生成具体的实例            var container = builder.Build();             //下面就是使用MVC的扩展 更改了MVC中的注入方式.            DependencyResolver.SetResolver(new AutofacDependencyResolver(container));            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);        }

 其实除了构造函数注入还可以属性注入 把之前repository 改为get set 就变成属性了

public class ProductController : Controller    {        #region        //readonly IProductRepository repository;        ////构造器注入        //public ProductController(IProductRepository repository)        //{        //    this.repository = repository;        //}        #endregion        public IProductRepository repository { get; set; }        // GET: /Product/        public ActionResult Index()        {            var data = repository.GetAll();            return View(data);        }    }

 然后，将

//使用Autofac提供的RegisterControllers扩展方法来对程序集中所有的Controller一次性的完成注册builder.RegisterControllers(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());

 改为

builder.RegisterControllers(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()).PropertiesAutowired(); // 这样支持属性注入

最后效果：

最后的最后，为了不像 builder.RegisterType<ProductRepository>().As<IProductRepository>(); 这样一个一个的注册，所以要像装载controller一样完成自动注入

自动注入

    Autofac提供一个RegisterAssemblyTypes方法。它会去扫描所有的dll并把每个类注册为它所实现的接口。既然能够自动注入，那么接口和类的定义一定要有一定的规律。我们可以定义IDependency接口的类型，其他任何的接口都需要继承这个接口。

public interface IDependency    {    } public interface IProductRepository : IDependency    {        IEnumerable<Product> GetAll();        Product Get(int id);        Product Add(Product item);        bool Update(Product item);        bool Delete(int id);    }

 添加IUserRepository.cs 继承IDependency

 public interface IUserRepository : IDependency    {        IEnumerable<User> GetAll();        User Get(int id);        User Add(User item);        bool Update(User item);        bool Delete(int id);    }

IUserRepository.cs

 仓储实现

 public class UserRepository : IUserRepository    {        private List<User> Users = new List<User>();        public UserRepository()        {            Add(new User { Id = 1, Name = "hyh" });            Add(new User { Id = 2, Name = "hyg" });            Add(new User { Id = 3, Name = "hyr" });        }        public IEnumerable<User> GetAll()        {            return Users;        }        public User Get(int id)        {            return Users.Find(p => p.Id == id);        }        public User Add(User item)        {            if (item == null)            {                throw new ArgumentNullException("item");            }            Users.Add(item);            return item;        }        public bool Update(User item)        {            if (item == null)            {                throw new ArgumentNullException("item");            }            int index = Users.FindIndex(p => p.Id == item.Id);            if (index == -1)            {                return false;            }            Users.RemoveAt(index);            Users.Add(item);            return true;        }        public bool Delete(int id)        {            Users.RemoveAll(p => p.Id == id);            return true;        }    }

UserRepository.cs

 最后Global

 #region 自动注入            //创建autofac管理注册类的容器实例            var builder = new ContainerBuilder();            Assembly[] assemblies = Directory.GetFiles(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.RelativeSearchPath, "*.dll").Select(Assembly.LoadFrom).ToArray();            //注册所有实现了 IDependency 接口的类型            Type baseType = typeof(IDependency);            builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(assemblies)                   .Where(type => baseType.IsAssignableFrom(type) && !type.IsAbstract)                   .AsSelf().AsImplementedInterfaces()                   .PropertiesAutowired().InstancePerLifetimeScope();            //注册MVC类型            builder.RegisterControllers(assemblies).PropertiesAutowired();            builder.RegisterFilterProvider();            var container = builder.Build();            DependencyResolver.SetResolver(new AutofacDependencyResolver(container)); #endregion

 结果如下：

 ok，先到这了...