Spring装配bean，依赖注入及注入参数

1、【装配一个bean】

先导入Spring基本jar包

我们先装配一个车的类Car

package com.zhiqi.model;public class Car {private int id;private String carName;public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getCarName() {return carName;}public void setCarName(String carName) {this.carName = carName;}}

配置xml文件

<bean id="book" class="com.zhiqi.model.Book"></bean>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean></beans>

然后在主方法调用ApplicationContext

public class MyTest {public static void main(String[] args) {ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");Car car=(Car)ac.getBean("car");car.setCarName("奥迪");System.out.println(car.getCarName());}}

运行如图：

2、【属性注入】【构造方法注入】【工厂注入】

装配一个Employee类

package com.zhiqi.model;public class Employee {private int id;private String name;private String sex;public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getSex() {return sex;}public void setSex(String sex) {this.sex = sex;}}

属性注入形式：

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<property name="" value=""></property>
</bean>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee"><property name="id" value="10010"></property><property name="name" value="王经理"></property><property name="sex" value="男"></property></bean></beans>

构造方法注入形式：

按照类型、按照索引、综合类型和索引

【类型】

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<constructor-arg type="" value=""></constructor-arg>
</bean>

【索引】

<bean id="" class="">
<constructor-arg index="" value=""></constructor-arg>
</bean>

【类型+索引】
<bean>
<constructor-arg type="" index="" value=""></constructor-arg>
</bean>

【类型示例】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee"><constructor-arg type="int" value="10010"></constructor-arg><constructor-arg type="String" value="王经理"></constructor-arg><constructor-arg type="String" value="男"></constructor-arg></bean></beans>

【索引示例】索引从0开始

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee"><constructor-arg index="0" value="10020"></constructor-arg><constructor-arg index="1" value="刘经理"></constructor-arg><constructor-arg index="2" value="女"></constructor-arg></bean></beans>

【类型+索引示例】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee"><constructor-arg type="int" index="0" value="10020"></constructor-arg><constructor-arg type="String" index="1" value="刘经理"></constructor-arg><constructor-arg type="String" index="2" value="女"></constructor-arg></bean></beans>

工厂注入形式：

写一个EmployeeFactory来造Employee

public class EmployeeFactory {public Employee createEmployee(){Employee emp=new Employee();emp.setId(10050);emp.setName("孙经理");emp.setSex("女");return emp;}}

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean><bean id="employeeFactory" class="com.zhiqi.factory.EmployeeFactory"></bean><bean id="employee" factory-bean="employeeFactory" factory-method="createEmployee"></bean></beans>

静态工厂：

public class EmployeeFactory {public static Employee createEmployee(){Employee emp=new Employee();emp.setId(10050);emp.setName("孙经理");emp.setSex("女");return emp;}}

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.factory.EmployeeFactory" factory-method="createEmployee"></bean></beans>

3、注入参数【基本类型】【注入bean】【内部bean】【null值】【级联属性】【集合List Set Map】

前面都是基本类型注入

现在注入一个bean

如：一个员工有一辆车

package com.zhiqi.model;public class Employee {private int id;private String name;private String sex;private Car car;public Employee() {super();// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}public Employee(int id, String name, String sex) {super();this.id = id;this.name = name;this.sex = sex;}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getSex() {return sex;}public void setSex(String sex) {this.sex = sex;}public Car getCar() {return car;}public void setCar(Car car) {this.car = car;}}

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"><property name="id" value="2007"></property><property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property></bean><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee"><property name="id" value="10080"></property><property name="name" value="贾经理"></property><property name="sex" value="男"></property><property name="car" ref="car"></property></bean></beans>

运行：

内部bean，如：一辆车只属于某个员工

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"><property name="id" value="2007"></property><property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property></bean><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee"><property name="id" value="10080"></property><property name="name" value="贾经理"></property><property name="sex" value="男"></property><property name="car"><bean class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"><property name="id" value="6008"></property><property name="carName" value="奥拓"></property></bean></property></bean></beans>

null值，如：某个员工没有车

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"><property name="id" value="2007"></property><property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property></bean><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee"><property name="id" value="10080"></property><property name="name" value="贾经理"></property><property name="sex" value="男"></property><property name="car"><null></null></property></bean></beans>

级联，如：

<property name="car.name" value="XX车"></property>

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"><property name="id" value="2007"></property><property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property></bean><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee"><property name="id" value="10080"></property><property name="name" value="贾经理"></property><property name="sex" value="男"></property><property name="car.id" value="8008"></property><property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property></bean></beans>

集合List。如：一个员工有多个手机

private List<String> phoneList=new ArrayList<String>();

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><!--bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"><property name="id" value="2007"></property><property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property></bean--><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee"><property name="id" value="10080"></property><property name="name" value="贾经理"></property><property name="sex" value="男"></property><!-- 内部bean 需要new --><!--property name="car.id" value="8008"></property><property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property--><property name="phoneList"><list><value>苹果IPhone6s</value><value>小米5MX</value><value>华为Meta</value></list></property></bean></beans>

运行：

集合Set。如：一个员工有多套房子

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><!--bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"><property name="id" value="2007"></property><property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property></bean--><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee"><property name="id" value="10080"></property><property name="name" value="贾经理"></property><property name="sex" value="男"></property><!-- 内部bean 需要new --><!--property name="car.id" value="8008"></property><property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property--><property name="phoneList"><list><value>苹果IPhone6s</value><value>小米5MX</value><value>华为Meta</value></list></property><property name="houseSet"><set><value>华侨城6区 C座</value><value>齐悦花园3-104</value></set></property></bean></beans>

Set集合遍历

Map集合，如：一个员工有多个QQ

private Map<String,String> qqMap=new HashMap<String,String>();

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><!--bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"><property name="id" value="2007"></property><property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property></bean--><bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee"><property name="id" value="10080"></property><property name="name" value="贾经理"></property><property name="sex" value="男"></property><!-- 内部bean 需要new --><!--property name="car.id" value="8008"></property><property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property--><property name="phoneList"><list><value>苹果IPhone6s</value><value>小米5MX</value><value>华为Meta</value></list></property><property name="houseSet"><set><value>华侨城6区 C座</value><value>齐悦花园3-104</value></set></property><property name="qqMap"><map><entry><key><value>工作QQ</value></key><value>10078</value></entry><entry><key><value>私密QQ</value></key><value>10079</value></entry></map></property></bean></beans>

运行：