oracle Trace File Analyzer （TFA）使用方法（含BUG解决）一
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12C自带了一个很好用的日志分析工具，TFA可以帮您快速分析当前数据库日志。迅速定位和分析日志，是DBA很好的帮手
一、安装
在安装12C的程序的最后一步执行root脚本的时候，会有如下提示
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed byDatabase Configuration Assistant when a database is createdFinished running generic part of root script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed.Do you want to setup Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) now ? yes|[no] : Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA - User Mode) is available at : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/suptools/tfa/release/tfa_home/bin/tfactlOROracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA - Daemon Mode) can be installed by running this script : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/suptools/tfa/release/tfa_home/install/roottfa.sh
如果选择no，那就不会安装该工具，默认是no，如果未在安装时选择安装该工具，也可以用，文中提示的两种方式启动TFA，一种是直接到
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/suptools/tfa/release/tfa_home/bin/tfactl目录下执行命令操作，另一种方式是安装到系统
使用root执行该脚本，将可以直接使用tfa命令读取日志内容
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/suptools/tfa/release/tfa_home/install/roottfa.sh，执行完毕会有如下提示
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/suptools/tfa/release/tfa_home/install/roottfa.shInstalling Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA).Log File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_12cr2.yudean.com_2017-03-14_15-53-55.logFinished installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA)
二、使用
安装好tfa后设置好环境变量，我们看下tfa支持哪些命令，首先是tfactl 我们用help看下有哪些我们可以使用。
[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ . oraenvORACLE_SID = [PROD] ? PROD1The Oracle base has been changed from /home/oracle to /u01/app/oracle[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ tfactltfactl> help Usage : /u01/app/oracle/tfa/bin/tfactl <command> [options] commands:diagcollect|collection|analyze|ips|run|start|stop|print|directory|toolstatusFor detailed help on each command use: /u01/app/oracle/tfa/bin/tfactl <command> -help
1、启动和关闭
命令tfactl start 和tfactl stop
2、查看当前哪些用户可以使用tfactl
该命令一般使用TFA admin权限的用户，使用安装TFA的用户执行，这里是root用户
tfactl> access lsusers
.---------------------------------.| TFA Users in 12cr2 |+-----------+-----------+---------+| User Name | User Type | Status |+-----------+-----------+---------+| oracle | USER | Allowed |'-----------+-----------+---------'
3、查看当前TFA主机的状态
当前我们只有一个节点，相关节点的信息如下
tfactl> print status .--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.| Host | Status of TFA | PID | Port | Version | Build ID | Inventory Status |+-------+---------------+-----+-------+------------+----------------------+------------------+| 12cr2 | RUNNING | 912 | 48978 | 12.2.1.0.0 | 12210020161122170355 | COMPLETE |'-------+---------------+-----+-------+------------+----------------------+------------------'
4、列出当前TFA的配置信息
tfactl> print config .------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.| 12cr2 |+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+| Configuration Parameter | Value |+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+| TFA Version | 12.2.1.0.0 || Java Version | 1.8 || Public IP Network | false || Automatic Diagnostic Collection | true || Alert Log Scan | true || Disk Usage Monitor | true || Managelogs Auto Purge | false || Trimming of files during diagcollection | true || Inventory Trace level | 1 || Collection Trace level | 1 || Scan Trace level | 1 || Other Trace level | 1 || Repository current size (MB) | 19 || Repository maximum size (MB) | 10240 || Max Size of TFA Log (MB) | 50 || Max Number of TFA Logs | 10 || Max Size of Core File (MB) | 20 || Max Collection Size of Core Files (MB) | 200 || Minimum Free Space to enable Alert Log Scan (MB) | 500 || Time interval between consecutive Disk Usage Snapshot(minutes) | 60 || Time interval between consecutive Managelogs Auto Purge(minutes) | 60 || Logs older than the time period will be auto purged(days[d]|hours[h]) | 30d || Automatic Purging | true || Age of Purging Collections (Hours) | 12 || TFA IPS Pool Size | 5 |'-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------'我们可以用tfactl host add /remove host 增加或者删除grid节点，也就是可以同时收集多个数据库的tfa信息。
5、列出对哪些目录进行了统计
可以看到不仅收集数据库、监听还有安装和操作系统的相关日志，看来功能很强大。
tfactl> print directories .------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.| 12cr2 |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| Trace Directory | Component | Permission | Added By |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML | [INSTALL] | public | root || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oraInventory/logs | [INSTALL] | public | root || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs | [CFGTOOLS] | public | root || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/diag | [RDBMS] | public | root || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/or | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=orcl, RDBMS|instance=orcl} | public | root || cl/cdump | | | || Collection policy : No Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/or | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=orcl, RDBMS|instance=orcl} | public | root || cl/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/prod1/P | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=prod1, RDBMS|instance=PROD1} | public | root || ROD1/cdump | | | || Collection policy : No Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/prod1/P | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=prod1, RDBMS|instance=PROD1} | public | root || ROD1/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/12cr2 | [TNS] | public | root || /listener/cdump | | | || Collection policy : No Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/12cr2 | [TNS] | public | root || /listener/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbh | [CFGTOOLS] | public | root || ome_1/cfgtoollogs | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbh | [INSTALL] | public | root || ome_1/install | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbh | [RDBMS] | public | root || ome_1/rdbms/log | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/sup | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=orcl, RDBMS|instance=orcl} | public | root || tools/ips/user_oracle/201703151143 | | | || 09ipscoll_12cr2/diag/rdbms/orcl/or | | | || cl/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/sup | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=prod1, RDBMS|instance=PROD1} | public | root || tools/ips/user_oracle/201703151143 | | | || 09ipscoll_12cr2/diag/rdbms/prod1/P | | | || ROD1/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/sup | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=orcl, RDBMS|instance=orcl} | public | root || tools/ips/user_oracle/201703151144 | | | || 52ipscoll_12cr2/diag/rdbms/orcl/or | | | || cl/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/sup | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=prod1, RDBMS|instance=PROD1} | public | root || tools/ips/user_oracle/201703151144 | | | || 52ipscoll_12cr2/diag/rdbms/prod1/P | | | || ROD1/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/sup | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=orcl, RDBMS|instance=orcl} | public | root || tools/ips/user_oracle/201703201505 | | | || 49ipscoll_12cr2/diag/rdbms/orcl/or | | | || cl/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/sup | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=prod1, RDBMS|instance=PROD1} | public | root || tools/ips/user_oracle/201703201505 | | | || 49ipscoll_12cr2/diag/rdbms/prod1/P | | | || ROD1/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/sup | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=orcl, RDBMS|instance=orcl} | public | root || tools/ips/user_oracle/201703201519 | | | || 20ipscoll_12cr2/diag/rdbms/orcl/or | | | || cl/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/sup | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=prod1, RDBMS|instance=PROD1} | public | root || tools/ips/user_oracle/201703201519 | | | || 20ipscoll_12cr2/diag/rdbms/prod1/P | | | || ROD1/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/sup | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=orcl, RDBMS|instance=orcl} | public | root || tools/ips/user_root/20170320155302 | | | || ipscoll_12cr2/user_root/diag/rdbms | | | || /orcl/orcl/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/sup | [RDBMS]{RDBMS|database=prod1, RDBMS|instance=PROD1} | public | root || tools/ips/user_root/20170320155302 | | | || ipscoll_12cr2/user_root/diag/rdbms | | | || /prod1/PROD1/trace | | | || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /var/adm | [OS] | public | root || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------+| /var/log | [OS:RACDBCLOUD] | public | root || Collection policy : Exclusions | | | |'------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+------------+----------'当让您也可以增加或者删除目录，命令如下增加目录
tfactl directory add dir [ -public ]
[ -exclusions | -noexclusions | -collectall ]
[ -node all | n1,n2,... ]
删除目录 tfactl directory remove dir [ -node all | n1,n2,... ]
6、收集日志信息
如果您使用了中文字符集也就是LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8的话接下来就会出现BUG ，Illegal parameter passed to diagcollection -z
[root@12cr2 ~]# echo $LANGzh_CN.UTF-8[root@12cr2 ~]# tfactl diagcollect -database PROD1Collecting data for the last 12 hours for this component ...Collecting data for all nodesCollection Id : 2017032116573212cr2Detailed Logging at : /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/collection_二_3月_21_16_57_32_CST_2017_node_all/diagcollect_20170321165732_12cr2.logIllegal parameter passed to diagcollection -zFAILED
这个错误原因找了很久，找不到这个logging 的日志，度娘是找不到相关信息的，最终猜想应该是文件中包含了中文名称导致收集失败，试着将字符集换成英文，结果成功了
[root@12cr2 ~]# export LANG=en_US[root@12cr2 ~]# echo $LANGen_US[root@12cr2 ~]# tfactl diagcollect -database PROD1Collecting data for the last 12 hours for this component ...Collecting data for all nodesCollection Id : 2017032117030312cr2Detailed Logging at : /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/collection_Tue_Mar_21_17_03_03_CST_2017_node_all/diagcollect_20170321170303_12cr2.log2017/03/21 17:03:07 CST : Collection Name : tfa_Tue_Mar_21_17_03_03_CST_2017.zip2017/03/21 17:03:07 CST : Collecting diagnostics from hosts : [12cr2]2017/03/21 17:03:07 CST : Scanning of files for Collection in progress...2017/03/21 17:03:07 CST : Collecting additional diagnostic information...2017/03/21 17:03:12 CST : Getting list of files satisfying time range [03/21/2017 05:03:07 CST, 03/21/2017 17:03:12 CST]2017/03/21 17:03:13 CST : Collecting ADR incident files...2017/03/21 17:03:29 CST : Completed collection of additional diagnostic information...2017/03/21 17:03:33 CST : Completed Local Collection.---------------------------------.| Collection Summary |+-------+-----------+------+------+| Host | Status | Size | Time |+-------+-----------+------+------+| 12cr2 | Completed | 63kB | 26s |'-------+-----------+------+------'Logs are being collected to: /u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/collection_Tue_Mar_21_17_03_03_CST_2017_node_all/u01/app/oracle/tfa/repository/collection_Tue_Mar_21_17_03_03_CST_2017_node_all/12cr2.tfa_Tue_Mar_21_17_03_03_CST_2017.zip
顺利收集成功，TFA作为新出来的工具，在一些细节方面可能支持不太好，本章先到收集，下一章讲演示，查询剪切后日志信息。
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