Quartz 指南

应用场景

给定时间执行任务（在一个确定的天指定，月的哪天，年的哪天…） 或者 重复执行 任务(某个时间重复执行，重复执行直到某个时间，无限重复， 稍后的某个时间重复执行…)

例如：
1. 初始化一个订单后，两个小时候来检查订单状态，如果订单未被处理，触发一个警告，订单状态改为等待
2. 计划表里列一个任务 在每个工作日的11:30 把数据库里的数据同步到一个xml文件中
3. 提供提醒服务

Job 执行

1. jobs是任何实现了Job Interface 的java类，为你的工作的执行留下了无限的可能 （execute方法中实现你的逻辑代码，注意JobExecutionContext是传递过来的参数）
2. Job 类可以被Quartz或 你的 项目框架实例化。灵活
3. 当trigger触发后，scheduler通知0个或者多个java Objects，以及实现JobListener和TriggerListener 接口的,Listener 可以在 job执行之后触发
   Executed
4. Jobs完成后，返回JobCompletionCode 表明 scheduler的成功，JobCompletionCode 也同样可以指导Scheduler 的行为。给予结果的成功失败，比如立即执行Job

功能代码

写之前要先把quartz.jar 和 quartz-job.jar导入项目中
常用的方法可以用static关键字导入

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;import static org.quartz.TriggerBuilder.newTrigger;import static org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule;import static org.quartz.DateBuilder.futureDate;import static org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule;

job，trigger 加入schedule 并启动

Date startTime = DateBuilder.nextGivenSecondDate(null, 10);JobDetail job = newJob(SimpleJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build() ;//或者可以将里面的simpleSchedule 换成cronSchedule("0 0 10 ? * * *")trigger =   newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger2", "group1").startAt(startTime).withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withIntervalInSeconds(10).withRepeatCount(10)).build();//job可以不依赖trigger,立即执行 sched.scheduleJob(job,null);ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);sched.start();

获取供执行了多少个job

SchedulerMetaData metaData = sched.getMetaData();log.info("Executed " + metaData.getNumberOfJobsExecuted() + " jobs.");

异常处理

JobExecutionException e2 = new JobExecutionException();e2.setRefireImmediately(true); 立即运行//e2.setUnscheduleAllTriggers(true);不运行了//throw e2;

中断job

  sched.interrupt(job.getKey());

日历

 AnnualCalendar holidays = new AnnualCalendar(); Calendar fourthOfJuly = new GregorianCalendar(2005, 6, 4); holidays.setDayExcluded(fourthOfJuly, true); sched.addCalendar("holidays", holidays, false, false);SimpleTrigger trigger = newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "group1").startAt(runDate)            .withSchedule(simpleSchedule().withIntervalInHours(1).repeatForever()).modifiedByCalendar("holidays").build();

监听 1.监听类实现JobListener接口,jobWasExecuted，方法是监听执行后执行的代码

JobListener jobListener = new Job1Listener();Matcher<JobKey> matcher = KeyMatcher.keyEquals(job.getKey());sched.getListenerManager().addJobListener(jobListener, matcher);

trigger可以设置监听等级
withPriority
使用插件：配置文件来生成job和trigger

关键点：

1. simpleTrigger vs cronTrigger
   simpleTrigger适用于隔多久执行，执行多少次这种，cronTrigger 适用于按日历上的来执行，实际应用中cronTrigger更常用。
2. cronTrigger 表达式的用法
   表达式中 按顺序依次表示： “秒 分 时 day-of-month month day-of-week year” —注意取值范围 ：秒分 是0-59 ,时 0-23，Day-of-Month 1-31 ，month 0-11或者 JAN, FEB, MAR, APR, MAY, JUN, JUL, AUG, SEP, OCT, NOV and DEC， day-of-week 1-7或者SUN, MON, TUE, WED, THU, FRI and SAT.
3. 线程池的个数
   线程池的个数给5个就够了，可以保证100个job了，因为job都比较快执行的，并且都不同一个时间执行，人家有个人如果给了10 15 100个的是人家有数以千trigger
   原则就是越小越好，足够你用
4. JTA的使用
   如果需要所有的job 都加上事物，在配置文件里加上 org.quartz.scheduler.wrapJobExecutionInUserTransaction = true
   如果想单个job加事物， 在 类前面加上注解 @ExecuteInJTATransaction
5. 配置文件
   quartz.properties

#============================================================================# Configure Main Scheduler Properties  #============================================================================org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName: TestSchedulerorg.quartz.scheduler.instanceId: AUTOorg.quartz.scheduler.skipUpdateCheck: true#============================================================================# Configure ThreadPool  #============================================================================org.quartz.threadPool.class: org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPoolorg.quartz.threadPool.threadCount: 12org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority: 5#============================================================================# Configure JobStore  #============================================================================org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold: 60000#org.quartz.jobStore.class: org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore#org.quartz.jobStore.class: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX#org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.PostgreSQLDelegate#org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties: false#org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource: myDS#org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix: QRTZ_#org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered: false#============================================================================# Configure Datasources  #============================================================================#org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver: org.postgresql.Driver#org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.URL: jdbc:postgresql://localhost/ErpDB7jia2#org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.user:erp7jia2#org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.password:erp7jia2 #org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.maxConnections: 5#============================================================================# Configure Plugins #============================================================================#org.quartz.plugin.triggHistory.class: org.quartz.plugins.history.LoggingJobHistoryPlugin#org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.class: org.quartz.plugins.xml.XMLSchedulingDataProcessorPlugin#org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.fileNames: quartz_data.xml#org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.failOnFileNotFound: true#org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.scanInterval: 120#org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.wrapInUserTransaction: false

quart_data.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><job-scheduling-data xmlns="http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/JobSchedulingData"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/JobSchedulingData http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/xml/job_scheduling_data_1_8.xsd"    version="1.8">    <pre-processing-commands>        <delete-jobs-in-group>*</delete-jobs-in-group>  <!-- clear all jobs in scheduler -->        <delete-triggers-in-group>*</delete-triggers-in-group> <!-- clear all triggers in scheduler -->    </pre-processing-commands>    <processing-directives>        <!-- if there are any jobs/trigger in scheduler of same name (as in this file), overwrite them -->        <overwrite-existing-data>true</overwrite-existing-data>        <!-- if there are any jobs/trigger in scheduler of same name (as in this file), and over-write is false, ignore them rather then generating an error -->        <ignore-duplicates>false</ignore-duplicates>     </processing-directives>    <schedule>        <job>           <name>job11</name>           <job-class>org.quartz.example10.SimpleJob</job-class>           <durability>true</durability>             <recover>false</recover>        </job>        <trigger>            <simple>                <name>trigger11</name>                <job-name>job11</job-name>                <repeat-count>3</repeat-count>                 <repeat-interval>3000</repeat-interval>             </simple>        </trigger>        <job>            <name>job22</name>            <job-class>org.quartz.example10.SimpleJob</job-class>            <durability>true</durability>              <recover>false</recover>          </job>        <trigger>            <simple>                <name>trigger22</name>                <job-name>job22</job-name>                <repeat-count>2</repeat-count>                 <repeat-interval>1000</repeat-interval>             </simple>        </trigger>    </schedule>    </job-scheduling-data>