Spring入门6——hibernate

Hibernate

Hibernate是一款开源的ORM框架，对JDBC进行了非常轻量级的对象封装。

ORM

ORM(Object Relational Mapping)对象关系映射。避免了我们在使用数据库的过程中，频繁的编写SQL语句，和OOP的思想更加的切合，大大的简化了我们对数据库的操作。

为什么要使用ORM框架

优点：

1.不同的数据库的SQL语句是存在差别的。使用Hibernate无需关注这些差别。

2.移植性，可扩展性强

使用配置：

上下文配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd"><!-- <context:component-scan base-package="spring.hibernateDemo"></context:component-scan> --><bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"destroy-method="close"><property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /><property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test" /><property name="username" value="root"></property><property name="password" value="root"></property></bean><bean id="sessionFactory"class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"><!-- 注入datasource，给sessionfactoryBean内setdatasource提供数据源 --><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /><property name="hibernateProperties"><props><prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</prop><prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>    </props>    </property>    <property name="packagesToScan">              <list>                  <value>spring.hibernateDemo.model</value>              </list>          </property></bean></beans>

Model：User.java

import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.Id;@Entitypublic class User {@Idprivate int id;@Column(name="username")private String username;@Column(name="password")private String password;public User() {}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}}

测试类：

public class AppTest {    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;private Session session;@Testpublic void Test() {try {ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:application-context.xml");sessionFactory = (SessionFactory)ctx.getBean("sessionFactory");session = sessionFactory.openSession();User user = new User();user.setId(1);user.setPassword("password");user.setUsername("username");session.save(user);session.flush();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}

依赖配置文件：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>spring</groupId><artifactId>hibernateDemo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>jar</packaging><name>hibernateDemo</name><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding></properties><dependencies><!-- hibernate4 --><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId><version>4.2.5.Final</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId><version>4.2.5.Final</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId><version>4.2.5.Final</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId><artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId><version>1.0.1.Final</version></dependency><!-- spring3 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-web</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version></dependency><!-- mysql数据库驱动 --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.37</version></dependency><!-- dbcp --><dependency><groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId><artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId><version>1.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.11</version></dependency></dependencies></project>