Python中类的定义与使用

 Part I

目标：

　　1.类的定义

　　2.父类，子类定义，以及子类调用父类

　　3.类的组合使用

　　4.内置功能

 

1.类的定义

#!/usr/bin/env python#coding:utf8class Hotel(object):    """docstring for Hotel"""    def __init__(self, room, cf=1.0, br=15):        self.room = room        self.cf = cf        self.br = br    def cacl_all(self, days=1):        return (self.room * self.cf + self.br) * daysif __name__ == '__main__':    stdroom = Hotel(200)    big_room = Hotel(230, 0.9)    print stdroom.cacl_all()    print stdroom.cacl_all(2)    print big_room.cacl_all()    print big_room.cacl_all(3)

 

2.父类、子类以及调用父类

#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# 父类class AddBook(object):    def __init__(self, name, phone):        self.name = name        self.phone = phone    def get_phone(self):        return self.phone# 子类，继承class EmplEmail(AddBook):    def __init__(self, nm, ph, email):        # AddBook.__init__(self, nm, ph) # 调用父类方法一        super(EmplEmail, self).__init__(nm, ph) # 调用父类方法二        self.email = email    def get_email(self):        return self.email# 调用if __name__ == "__main__":    Detian = AddBook('handetian', '18210413001')    Meng = AddBook('shaomeng', '18210413002')    print Detian.get_phone()    print AddBook.get_phone(Meng)    alice = EmplEmail('alice', '18210418888', 'alice@xkops.com')    print alice.get_email(), alice.get_phone()

3.类的组合使用

#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-'''1.class类的组合使用2.手机、邮箱、QQ等是可以变化的（定义在一起），姓名不可变（单独定义）。3.在另一个类中引用'''class Info(object):    def __init__(self, phone, email, qq):        self.phone = phone        self.email = email        self.qq = qq    def get_phone(self):        return self.phone    def update_phone(self, newphone):        self.phone = newphone        print "手机号更改已更改"    def get_email(self):        return self.emailclass AddrBook(object):    '''docstring for AddBook'''    def __init__(self, name, phone, email, qq):        self.name = name        self.info = Info(phone, email, qq)if __name__ == "__main__":    Detian = AddrBook('handetian', '18210413001', 'detian@xkops.com', '123456')    print Detian.info.get_phone()    Detian.info.update_phone(18210413002)    print Detian.info.get_phone()    print Detian.info.get_email()

 

4.内置功能(函数（）加与不加的区别）

#!/usr/bin/env python#coding:utf8class Books(object):    def __init__(self, title, author):        self.title = title        self.author = author    def __str__(self):        return self.title    def __repr__(self):        return self.title    def __call__(self):        print "%s is written by %s" %(self.title, self.author)if __name__ == '__main__':    pybook = Books('Core Python', 'Wesley')    print pybook    pybook()

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#!/usr/bin/env python#coding:utf8class  Number(object):    """Custum object    add/radd -> +;     sub/rsub -> -;    mul/rmul -> *;    div/rdiv -> /;    """    def __init__(self, number):        self.number = number    def __add__(self, other):        return self.number + other            def __radd__(self, other):        return self.number  + other    def __sub__(self, other):        return self.number - other    def __rsub__(self, other):        return other - self.number    def __gt__(self, other):        if self.number > other:            return True        return Falseif __name__ == '__main__':    num = Number(10)    print num + 20    print 30 + num    print num - 5    print 11 - num    print num > 20