SpringMVC基础入门，创建一个HelloWorld程序

新建maven工程，添加maven依赖

<properties>        <spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>    </properties>    <dependencies>        <!-- 添加servlet-api -->        <dependency>            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>            <version>3.0.1</version>            <scope>provided</scope>        </dependency>        <!-- 添加jsp-api -->        <dependency>            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>            <version>2.1</version>            <scope>provided</scope>        </dependency>        <!-- 配置SpringMvc的依赖 -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>            <version>${spring.version}</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>            <version>${spring.version}</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>            <version>${spring.version}</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>            <version>${spring.version}</version>        </dependency>    </dependencies>

在Web.xml配置文件中关于SpringMVC的配置

通过阅读springMVC的文档可知在web.xml文件中有，如下配置

<web-app>    <context-param>        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>        <param-value>/WEB-INF/root-context.xml</param-value>    </context-param>    <servlet>        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value></param-value>        </init-param>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping>    <listener>        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>    </listener></web-app>

根据自己的理解以及基于安全的原则，我们优化成如下结构

<web-app>    <servlet>         <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>        </init-param>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping><!--    <listener>        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>    </listener>    --></web-app>

当然Spring官方还为我们提供了另一种初始化SpringMVC的方式

• 就是新建一个类实现WebApplicationInitializer接口，以实现将DispatcherServlet动态的注册到web容器中，跟在配置文件中配置是一个道理

public class MyWebApplicationInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {    @Override    public void onStartup(ServletContext container) {        ServletRegistration.Dynamic registration = container.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet());        registration.setLoadOnStartup(1);        registration.addMapping("/example/*");    }}

在WEB-INF目录下添加spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xsi:schemaLocation="        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">    <context:component-scan base-package="使用了Controller注解的类所在的包"/>    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"            id="internalResourceViewResolver">        <!-- 前缀 -->        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />        <!-- 后缀 -->        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />    </bean></beans>

编写代码

编写Controller代码

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;@Controller@RequestMapping(value = "/hello")public class HelloController {    @RequestMapping(value = "/helloWorld")    public String hello() {        System.out.println("----------------->/helloWorld");        return "hello";    }}

编写hello.jsp页面的代码

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Insert title here</title></head><body><h3>hello,first Spring Mvc</h3></body></html>

启动服务器，输入http://localhost:8080/项目名/hello/helloWorld

出现如下效果