Rabbitmq priority 优先级

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Rabbitmq priority 优先级

顾名思义,具有更高优先级的队列具有较高的优先权,优先级高的消息具备优先被消费的特权。
RabbitMQ has priority queue implementation in the core as of version 3.5.0.

在系统应用中会根据业务的优先级来决定哪些内容优先被解决,那么在RabbitMQ 3.5+版本中支持了队列优先级和消息优先级,那么这里就尝试下该功能。

在rabbitmq webUI界面中,add queue是通过添加Arguments或者是在代码中添加效果是一样的,取值范围在0~255之间:

The message priority field is defined as an unsigned byte, so in practice priorities should be between 0 and 255.

这里写图片描述

具体代码如下:
生产者:

public class NewTask {    private final static String hostname = "192.168.1.137";    //队列名称    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "workqueue";    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {        //创建连接和频道        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();        factory.setHost(hostname);        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();        try {            Map<String,Object> param = new HashMap<String,Object>();            param.put("x-max-priority", 10);            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, true, param);            //send message with priority            for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {                AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder builder = new AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder();                if(i==9 || i==3 || i==5)                    builder.priority(5);                AMQP.BasicProperties properties = builder.build();                channel.basicPublish("",QUEUE_NAME,properties,("messages-"+i).getBytes());            }        }catch (Exception e){            e.printStackTrace();        }finally {            channel.close();            connection.close();        }    }}

消费者:

public class Worker1 {    private final static String hostname = "192.168.1.137";    //队列名称    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "workqueue";    public static void main(String[] argv) throws java.io.IOException,            java.lang.InterruptedException, TimeoutException {        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();        factory.setHost(hostname);        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();        QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);        while (true) {            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();            String msg = new String(delivery.getBody());            System.out.println(msg);            channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(),false);        }    }}

代码中判断i==3,i==5,i==9这三个消息的权重相等5且高于其他消息,理应提前被处理,代码运行结果为:
测试结果:
这里写图片描述

查看运行结果可以验证优先级队列的作用。

当然,在消费端速度大于生产端速度,且broker中没有消息堆积的话,对发送的消息设置优先级也没什么实际意义,因为发送端刚发送完一条消息就被消费端消费了,那么就相当于broker至多只有一条消息,那么对于单条消息来说优先级是没有什么意义的。

参考链接

1、https://www.rabbitmq.com/priority.html

2、http://zkread.com/article/1246857.html

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