SpringBoot 学习记录(七): Redis

来源：互联网发布：金泫雅的舞蹈知乎编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/17 07:58

之前写过一篇spring+spring_mvc+redis的博客，这篇我们学习在spring_boot中如何使用redis

对spring_boot有过了解后可以知道，spring_boot本身集成了很多模块，根据需要引入即可，

redis的使用也是，第一步是引入相关依赖包。

一，pom.xml中添加依赖：

<!-- redis --><dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-redis</artifactId>        </dependency>

二，在application.properties中添加redis的配置，

请确保你的本地已安装有redis，我的是装在虚拟机，

有需要的可以回顾博文：常用框架(二) : spring+springMvc+mybatis+maven+redis

#redisspring.redis.database=0  spring.redis.host=192.168.230.130spring.redis.port=6379  spring.redis.password=  spring.redis.pool.max-active=8  spring.redis.pool.max-wait=-1  spring.redis.pool.max-idle=8  spring.redis.pool.min-idle=0  spring.redis.timeout=0

三，定义RedisConfiguration配置类

package com.example.config;import java.lang.reflect.Method;import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;@Configuration@EnableCaching//启用缓存public class RedisConfiguration extends CachingConfigurerSupport {/** * 自定义缓存key值 * 此方法将会根据类名+方法名+所有参数的值生成唯一的一个key */@Beanpublic KeyGenerator keyGenerator() {        return new KeyGenerator() {            @Override            public Object generate(Object target, Method method, Object... params) {                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();                sb.append(target.getClass().getName());                sb.append(method.getName());                for (Object obj : params) {                    sb.append(obj.toString());                }                return sb.toString();            }        };    }/** * 缓存管理器 * @param redisTemplate * @return */    @Bean    public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisTemplate<?,?> redisTemplate) {        RedisCacheManager rcm = new RedisCacheManager(redisTemplate);        //设置缓存过期时间        rcm.setDefaultExpiration(300);//秒        return rcm;    }        /**     * RedisTemplate缓存操作类,类似于jdbcTemplate的一个类;     * @param factory     * @return     */    @Bean    public RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {        StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate(factory);        //key序列化方式        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> redisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object>(Object.class);        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();        om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);        om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);        redisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);        template.setValueSerializer(redisSerializer);        template.afterPropertiesSet();        return template;    }}

四，测试

首先请确保开启你的redis服务：

新建测试类RedisController:

这里我们使用RedisTemplate的api进行存储数据，如下：

一般是自己定义一个RedisService工具类，方便使用，本例就不说明了，有兴趣的可以查看之前的博客。

package com.example.controller;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestControllerpublic class RedisController {    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());    @Resource    private RedisTemplate<String,String> redisTemplate;    @RequestMapping("/redis/set")      public String setKeyAndValue(){String key = "name";String value = "wendy";        logger.info("访问set:key={},value={}",key,value);        ValueOperations<String,String> valOpsStr = redisTemplate.opsForValue();        valOpsStr.set(key, value);          return "Set Ok";      }            @RequestMapping("redis/get")      public String getKey(){    String key = "name";        logger.info("访问get:key={}",key);        ValueOperations<String,String> valOpsStr = redisTemplate.opsForValue();        return valOpsStr.get(key);      } }

启动服务测试：http://localhost:8088/spring-boot/redis/set ===== 返回结果：Set Ok

如果测试redis连接失败，clean project 之后重启再试，如果还有问题，请确保你的redis服务是否开启，配置是否正确等

启动服务测试：http://localhost:8088/spring-boot/redis/get ====== 返回结果：wendy
==================================================================================================

上面定义RedisConfiguration配置类时，我们定义了一个自动生成key的方法，

也就是说不用定义一个唯一key，也能根据自动生成的key存取value值，下面我们来学习如何使用注解的方式

前面学习jap的时候我们定义了UserInfoRepository，在controller层也是直接使用的dao层，

这里我们加上service，使代码规范化

package com.example.service;import com.example.entity.UserInfo;public interface UserService {UserInfo findById(long id);void deleteFromCache(long id);}

package com.example.service.impl;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import com.example.entity.UserInfo;import com.example.repository.UserInfoRepository;import com.example.service.UserService;@Servicepublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());@Resourceprivate UserInfoRepository userRepository;@Overridepublic UserInfo findById(long id) {logger.info("从数据库查询数据");return userRepository.findById(id);}@Overridepublic void deleteFromCache(long id) {logger.info("从缓存中删除数据");}}

五，在RedisController中添加测试方法：

package com.example.controller;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheEvict;import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import com.example.base.ReturnResult;import com.example.entity.UserInfo;import com.example.service.UserService;@RestControllerpublic class RedisController {    @Resource    private UserService userService;        @RequestMapping("redis/get/user")    @Cacheable(value="userInfo")//注解直接缓存查询结果    public UserInfo getUserById(long id){    UserInfo user = userService.findById(id);    return user;    }        @RequestMapping("redis/del/user")    @CacheEvict(value="userInfo",allEntries=true)//注解从缓存删除结果    public String delUserById(long id){    userService.deleteFromCache(id);    return "del from cache";    }}

这里说明一下spring cache的注解使用：

Cacheable 支持如下几个参数：
value：缓存位置名称，不能为空，如果使用EHCache，就是ehcache.xml中声明的cache的name
key：缓存的key，默认为空则表示使用方法的参数类型及参数值作为key，可以自定义key的生成规则
condition：触发条件，只有满足条件的情况才会加入缓存，默认为空示全部都加入缓存

@CacheEvict 支持如下几个参数：
value：缓存位置名称，不能为空，同上
key：缓存的key，默认为空，同上
condition：触发条件，只有满足条件的情况才会清除缓存，默认为空
allEntries：true表示清除value中的全部缓存，默认为false

================ 注解用在service层是一样的，看个人业务需求使用

启动测试：第一次查询用户信息是从数据库查询，控制台应该会打印日志

访问测试：http://localhost:8088/spring-boot/redis/get/user?id=1

返回结果：

{  "id": 1,  "name": "initname",  "gender": "F",  "status": null}

查看控制台：

2017-04-11 14:58:40.609 DEBUG 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : DispatcherServlet with name 'dispatcherServlet' processing GET request for [/spring-boot/redis/get/user]2017-04-11 14:58:40.610 DEBUG 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Looking up handler method for path /redis/get/user2017-04-11 14:58:40.610 DEBUG 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Returning handler method [public com.example.entity.UserInfo com.example.controller.RedisController.getUserById(long)]2017-04-11 14:58:40.610 DEBUG 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Last-Modified value for [/spring-boot/redis/get/user] is: -12017-04-11 14:58:40.619  INFO 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doBefore()2017-04-11 14:58:40.619  INFO 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : URL : http://localhost:8088/spring-boot/redis/get/user2017-04-11 14:58:40.619  INFO 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : HTTP_METHOD : GET2017-04-11 14:58:40.619  INFO 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : IP : 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:12017-04-11 14:58:40.622  INFO 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : CLASS_METHOD : com.example.controller.RedisController.getUserById2017-04-11 14:58:40.623  INFO 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : ARGS : [1]id: 12017-04-11 14:58:40.724  INFO 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] c.example.service.impl.UserServiceImpl   : 从数据库查询数据Hibernate: select userinfo0_.id as id1_0_, userinfo0_.gender as gender2_0_, userinfo0_.name as name3_0_ from user_info userinfo0_ where userinfo0_.id=?2017-04-11 14:58:40.900  INFO 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doAfter()2017-04-11 14:58:40.900  INFO 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doAfterReturning()2017-04-11 14:58:40.900  INFO 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : 耗时（毫秒） : 2812017-04-11 14:58:40.909 DEBUG 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] m.m.a.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor : Written [com.example.entity.UserInfo@4f696c3f] as "application/json;charset=UTF-8" using [org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter@403a7b03]2017-04-11 14:58:40.910 DEBUG 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Null ModelAndView returned to DispatcherServlet with name 'dispatcherServlet': assuming HandlerAdapter completed request handling2017-04-11 14:58:40.911 DEBUG 6308 --- [nio-8088-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Successfully completed request

再次访问，此时应该是从缓存获取数据，控制台不会打印出“从数据库查询数据”这条日志

且注意查看耗时时间，会比查询数据库要短

清除控制台再次访问查看：

2017-04-11 15:19:11.792 DEBUG 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : DispatcherServlet with name 'dispatcherServlet' processing GET request for [/spring-boot/redis/get/user]2017-04-11 15:19:11.793 DEBUG 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Looking up handler method for path /redis/get/user2017-04-11 15:19:11.794 DEBUG 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Returning handler method [public com.example.entity.UserInfo com.example.controller.RedisController.getUserById(long)]2017-04-11 15:19:11.794 DEBUG 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Last-Modified value for [/spring-boot/redis/get/user] is: -12017-04-11 15:19:11.795  INFO 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doBefore()2017-04-11 15:19:11.795  INFO 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : URL : http://localhost:8088/spring-boot/redis/get/user2017-04-11 15:19:11.795  INFO 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : HTTP_METHOD : GET2017-04-11 15:19:11.796  INFO 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : IP : 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:12017-04-11 15:19:11.796  INFO 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : CLASS_METHOD : com.example.controller.RedisController.getUserById2017-04-11 15:19:11.796  INFO 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : ARGS : [1]id: 12017-04-11 15:19:11.797  INFO 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doAfter()2017-04-11 15:19:11.797  INFO 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doAfterReturning()2017-04-11 15:19:11.797  INFO 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : 耗时（毫秒） : 22017-04-11 15:19:11.803 DEBUG 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] m.m.a.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor : Written [com.example.entity.UserInfo@9e8e466] as "application/json;charset=UTF-8" using [org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter@345a0792]2017-04-11 15:19:11.803 DEBUG 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Null ModelAndView returned to DispatcherServlet with name 'dispatcherServlet': assuming HandlerAdapter completed request handling2017-04-11 15:19:11.803 DEBUG 6260 --- [nio-8088-exec-3] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Successfully completed request

============= 说明测试缓存成功

下面我们测试删除缓存方法：http://localhost:8088/spring-boot/redis/del/user?id=1

返回结果：del from cache

再次测试查询方法：http://localhost:8088/spring-boot/redis/get/user?id=1

可以看到这里又打印了日志：“从数据库查询数据”，删除缓存成功

2017-04-11 21:20:07.644 DEBUG 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : DispatcherServlet with name 'dispatcherServlet' processing GET request for [/spring-boot/redis/del/user]2017-04-11 21:20:07.645 DEBUG 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Looking up handler method for path /redis/del/user2017-04-11 21:20:07.645 DEBUG 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Returning handler method [public java.lang.String com.example.controller.RedisController.delUserById(long)]2017-04-11 21:20:07.646 DEBUG 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Last-Modified value for [/spring-boot/redis/del/user] is: -12017-04-11 21:20:07.647  INFO 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doBefore()2017-04-11 21:20:07.647  INFO 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : URL : http://localhost:8088/spring-boot/redis/del/user2017-04-11 21:20:07.647  INFO 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : HTTP_METHOD : GET2017-04-11 21:20:07.648  INFO 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : IP : 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:12017-04-11 21:20:07.648  INFO 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : CLASS_METHOD : com.example.controller.RedisController.delUserById2017-04-11 21:20:07.648  INFO 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : ARGS : [1]id: 12017-04-11 21:20:07.648  INFO 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] c.example.service.impl.UserServiceImpl   : 从缓存中删除数据2017-04-11 21:20:07.651  INFO 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doAfter()2017-04-11 21:20:07.651  INFO 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doAfterReturning()2017-04-11 21:20:07.651  INFO 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : 耗时（毫秒） : 42017-04-11 21:20:07.653 DEBUG 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] m.m.a.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor : Written [del from cache] as "text/plain;charset=UTF-8" using [org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter@3badefd6]2017-04-11 21:20:07.653 DEBUG 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Null ModelAndView returned to DispatcherServlet with name 'dispatcherServlet': assuming HandlerAdapter completed request handling2017-04-11 21:20:07.654 DEBUG 8460 --- [nio-8088-exec-9] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Successfully completed request2017-04-11 21:20:10.258 DEBUG 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : DispatcherServlet with name 'dispatcherServlet' processing GET request for [/spring-boot/redis/get/user]2017-04-11 21:20:10.259 DEBUG 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Looking up handler method for path /redis/get/user2017-04-11 21:20:10.259 DEBUG 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Returning handler method [public com.example.entity.UserInfo com.example.controller.RedisController.getUserById(long)]2017-04-11 21:20:10.259 DEBUG 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Last-Modified value for [/spring-boot/redis/get/user] is: -12017-04-11 21:20:10.263  INFO 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doBefore()2017-04-11 21:20:10.263  INFO 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : URL : http://localhost:8088/spring-boot/redis/get/user2017-04-11 21:20:10.263  INFO 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : HTTP_METHOD : GET2017-04-11 21:20:10.263  INFO 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : IP : 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:12017-04-11 21:20:10.263  INFO 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : CLASS_METHOD : com.example.controller.RedisController.getUserById2017-04-11 21:20:10.263  INFO 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : ARGS : [1]id: 12017-04-11 21:20:10.265  INFO 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] c.example.service.impl.UserServiceImpl   : 从数据库查询数据Hibernate: select userinfo0_.id as id1_0_, userinfo0_.gender as gender2_0_, userinfo0_.name as name3_0_ from user_info userinfo0_ where userinfo0_.id=?2017-04-11 21:20:10.269  INFO 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doAfter()2017-04-11 21:20:10.270  INFO 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : LogAop.doAfterReturning()2017-04-11 21:20:10.270  INFO 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] com.example.aop.LogAop                   : 耗时（毫秒） : 72017-04-11 21:20:10.274 DEBUG 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] m.m.a.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor : Written [com.example.entity.UserInfo@1e076014] as "application/json;charset=UTF-8" using [org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter@51e330c]2017-04-11 21:20:10.274 DEBUG 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Null ModelAndView returned to DispatcherServlet with name 'dispatcherServlet': assuming HandlerAdapter completed request handling2017-04-11 21:20:10.275 DEBUG 8460 --- [io-8088-exec-10] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Successfully completed request

============================================================================

接下来我们学习如何在redis中存储session，在做负载均衡的时候多应用共享session

一，添加依赖：

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId><artifactId>spring-session-data-redis</artifactId></dependency>

二，定义配置类SessionConfiguration

package com.example.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.session.data.redis.config.annotation.web.http.EnableRedisHttpSession;@Configuration@EnableRedisHttpSession(maxInactiveIntervalInSeconds = 60*60*2)public class SessionConfiguration {}

接下来就可以部署测试了，这里不做演示

到此redis的学习就暂时告一段落，下篇我们将学习，SpringBoot 学习记录(八): properties 属性自定义

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