Oracle 软件及静默安装数据库

创建用户及目录：

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall && /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba && /usr/sbin/groupadd -g  503 oper && /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/oracle/ -s /bin/bash oraclemkdir -p /data/ora11g/product/11.2.0.4/db_1 && chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/ora11g && chmod -R 775 /data/ora11g && chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oraclemkdir –p /data/ora11g/oraInventory && chown –R oracle:oinstall /data/ora11g/oraInventory

2.1依赖包检

yum –y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++ gcc  gcc-c++ glibc  glibc-devel ksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel sysstat libaio libaio-devel elfutils-libelf-devel unixODBC unixoODBC-devel ntpdate lvm2 rsync net-tools unzip 

认真确认所需包都已安装，不然后面可能会报因依赖包缺少的WARNING。

2.2 修改系统参数

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536

vi /etc/pam.d/login 最后加上：

session required pam_limits.so

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 2073116672kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

2.4 配置ORACLE家目录PROFILE

su – oracle
vi ~/.bash_profile

export TMP=/tmpexport TMPDIR=$TMPexport ORACLE_BASE=/data/ora11gexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.4/db_1export ORACLE_SID=testexport ORACLE_TERM=xtermexport PATH=/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:$PATHexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/libexport CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlibexport NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"export NLS_LANG="simplified chinese"_china.utf8

2.5 同安装ORACLE 软件

cd /data/test/softwareunzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_*.zip

2.6 关闭防火墙
Systemctl stop firewall
Systemctl disable firewall

使用静默方式安装oracle软件。在response目录下，有3个标准模板。
dbca.rsp , db_install.rsp netca.rsp
cp response/db_install.rsp db_install.rsp.bak
vi db_install.rsp

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=192.168.1.3
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/ora11g/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW
ORACLE_HOME=/data/ora11g/product/11.2.0.4/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/data/ora11g
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=test
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=test
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=1536
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=oracle
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
最后一条一定要写true.
开始静默安装oralce软件：
./runInstaller –silent –force –ignoreSysPrereqs –ignorePrereq –responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
./runInstaller -silent -force -ignoreSysPrereqs -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
结束之后需要运行2条脚本，以root身份：
/data/ora11g/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/data/ora11g/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/root.sh

四、 创建数据库
同样编辑dbca.rsp 模板：
cd /data/test/software/database/response/
cp dbca.rsp dbca.rsp.bak
vi dbaca.rsp
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = “11.2.0”
OPERATION_TYPE = “createDatabase”
GDBNAME = “test”
SID = “test”
SYSPASSWORD = “oracle”
SYSTEMPASSWORD = “oracle”
TEMPLATENAME = “General_Purpose.dbc”
CHARACTERSET = “AL16UTF16”
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca –silent –responseFile /data/test/software/database/dbca.rsp

五、 创建并修改监听
同样编辑netca.rsp 模板：

cd /data/test/software/database/response/cp netca.rsp  netca.rsp.bak$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca –silent –responseFile /data/test/software/database/response/netca.rsp

手动修改监听配置文件listener.ora 与tnsnames.ora:
cd /data/ora11g/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/network/admin
vi
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.3)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /data/ora11g
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /data/ora11g/product/11.2.0.4/db_1)
(SID_NAME = test)
)
)

Vi tnsnames.ora
test =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.3)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = test)
)
)

设置监听不产生XML日志

1)To avoid generating or reduce the xml files, please set the following parameter:
In sqlnet.ora
DIAG_ADR_ENABLED=off
In listener.ora
DIAG_ADR_ENABLED_=off
Where the should be replaced with the actual name of the configured listener(s) in the listener.ora file.
For example, if the listener name is ‘LISTENER_SCAN1’, the parameter should be:
DIAG_ADR_ENABLED_LISTENER_SCAN1=OFF
-Reload or restart the TNS Listener for the parameter change to take effect.

设置这两个参数不会影响到listener.log日志的产生。
相比直接关闭Listener log的方式，还保留原有日志的产生.