oracle维护

oracle维护常用sql
引用链接
1、查看表空间的名称及大小

select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_sizefrom dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files dwhere t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_namegroup by t.tablespace_name;

2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小

select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_spacefrom dba_data_filesorder by tablespace_name;

3、查看回滚段名称及大小

select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status,(initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent,max_extents, v.curext CurExtentFrom dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat vWhere r.segment_id = v.usn(+)order by segment_name ;

4、查看控制文件

select name from v$controlfile;

5、查看日志文件

select member from v$logfile;

6、查看表空间的使用情况

select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_namefrom dba_free_spacegroup by tablespace_name;

SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE"FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE CWHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;

7、查看数据库库对象

select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status;

8、查看数据库的版本　

Select version FROM Product_component_versionWhere SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle';

9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式

Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database;

10、如何远程判断Oracle数据库的安装平台

select * from v$version;

11、查看数据表的参数信息

SELECT partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name,pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent,next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase, FREELISTS,freelist_groups, LOGGING, BUFFER_POOL, num_rows, blocks,empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size,last_analyzedFROM dba_tab_partitions--WHERE table_name = :tname AND table_owner = :townerORDER BY partition_position

12、查看还没提交的事务

select * from v$locked_object;select * from v$transaction;

14、回滚段查看

select rownum, sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name Name, v$rollstat.extentsExtents, v$rollstat.rssize Size_in_Bytes, v$rollstat.xacts XActs,v$rollstat.gets Gets, v$rollstat.waits Waits, v$rollstat.writes Writes,sys.dba_rollback_segs.status status from v$rollstat, sys.dba_rollback_segs,v$rollname where v$rollname.name(+) = sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name andv$rollstat.usn (+) = v$rollname.usn order by rownum

15、捕捉运行很久的SQL

column username format a12column opname format a16column progress format a8select username,sid,opname,      round(sofar*100 / totalwork,0) || '%' as progress,      time_remaining,sql_textfrom v$session_longops , v$sqlwhere time_remaining $amp;and sql_address = addressand sql_hash_value = hash_value/

16。查看数据表的参数信息

SELECT   partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name,        pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent,        next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase, FREELISTS,        freelist_groups, LOGGING, BUFFER_POOL, num_rows, blocks,        empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size,        last_analyzed   FROM dba_tab_partitions--WHERE table_name = :tname AND table_owner = :townerORDER BY partition_position

17。查找object为哪些进程所用

selectp.spid,s.sid,s.serial# serial_num,s.username user_name,a.type object_type,s.osuser os_user_name,a.owner,a.object object_name,decode(sign(48 - command),1,to_char(command), 'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action,p.program oracle_process,s.terminal terminal,s.program program,s.status session_statusfrom v$session s, v$access a, v$process pwhere s.paddr = p.addr and     s.type = 'USER' and       a.sid = s.sid   anda.object='SUBSCRIBER_ATTR'order by s.username, s.osuser

18。耗资源的进程（top session）

select s.schemaname schema_name,    decode(sign(48 - command), 1,to_char(command), 'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action,    statussession_status,   s.osuser os_user_name,   s.sid,         p.spid ,         s.serial# serial_num,nvl(s.username, '[Oracle process]') user_name,   s.terminal terminal,  s.program program,   st.value criteria_value from v$sesstat st,   v$session s , v$process pwhere st.sid = s.sid and   st.statistic# = to_number('38') and   ('ALL' = 'ALL'or s.status = 'ALL') and p.addr = s.paddr order by st.value desc, p.spid asc, s.username asc, s.osuser asc

--根据sid查是哪台电脑的链接column osuser format a15column username format a10column machine format a30select osuser,machine,username,sid,serial# from v$session where sid='128';--根据sid查对应的sqlselect SID,SQL_TEXT from v$open_cursor where SID='128';

19。查看等待（wait）情况

SELECT v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count count, SUM(v$sysstat.value) sum_valueFROM v$waitstat, v$sysstat WHERE v$sysstat.name IN ('db block gets','consistent gets') group by v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count

20。查看sga情况

SELECT NAME, BYTES FROM SYS.V_$SGASTAT ORDER BY NAME ASC

21。查看catched object

SELECT owner,       name,       db_link,       namespace,       type,       sharable_mem,       loads,       executions,       locks,       pins,       kept  FROM v$db_object_cache

22。查看V$SQLAREA

SELECT SQL_TEXT, SHARABLE_MEM, PERSISTENT_MEM, RUNTIME_MEM, SORTS,VERSION_COUNT, LOADED_VERSIONS, OPEN_VERSIONS, USERS_OPENING, EXECUTIONS,USERS_EXECUTING, LOADS, FIRST_LOAD_TIME, INVALIDATIONS, PARSE_CALLS, DISK_READS,BUFFER_GETS, ROWS_PROCESSED FROM V$SQLAREA

23。按用户查看object种类

select u.name schema,   sum(decode(o.type#, 1, 1, NULL)) indexes,sum(decode(o.type#, 2, 1, NULL)) tables,   sum(decode(o.type#, 3, 1, NULL))clusters,   sum(decode(o.type#, 4, 1, NULL)) views,   sum(decode(o.type#, 5, 1,NULL)) synonyms,   sum(decode(o.type#, 6, 1, NULL)) sequences,sum(decode(o.type#, 1, NULL, 2, NULL, 3, NULL, 4, NULL, 5, NULL, 6, NULL, 1))others   from sys.obj$ o, sys.user$ u   where o.type# >= 1 and    u.user# =o.owner# and   u.name $amp;sys.link$ union select 'CONSTRAINT' , count(*) from sys.con$

24。有关connection的相关信息

--1）查看有哪些用户连接select s.osuser os_user_name,    decode(sign(48 - command), 1, to_char(command),'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action,     p.program oracle_process,  status session_status,    s.terminal terminal,    s.program program,  s.username user_name,    s.fixed_table_sequence activity_meter,    '' query,  0 memory,    0 max_memory,     0 cpu_usage,    s.sid,   s.serial# serial_num  from v$session s,    v$process p   where s.paddr=p.addr and    s.type = 'USER'order by s.username, s.osuser--2）根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况select n.name,v.value,n.class,n.statistic#from v$statname n,v$sesstat vwhere v.sid = 71 andv.statistic# = n.statistic#order by n.class, n.statistic#--3）根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sqlselect /*+ PUSH_SUBQ */command_type,sql_text,sharable_mem,persistent_mem,runtime_mem,sorts,version_count,loaded_versions,open_versions,users_opening,executions,users_executing,loads,first_load_time,invalidations,parse_calls,disk_reads,buffer_gets,rows_processed,sysdate start_time,sysdate finish_time,'$amp;>apos;$ || address sql_address,'N' statusfrom v$sqlareawhere address = (select sql_address from v$session where sid = 71)

1. 查询表空间的碎片程度

select tablespace_name,count(tablespace_name) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_namehaving count(tablespace_name)>10;alter tablespace name coalesce;alter table name deallocate unused;create or replace view ts_blocks_v asselect tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'free space' segment_name from dba_free_spaceunion allselect tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents;select * from ts_blocks_v;select tablespace_name,sum(bytes),max(bytes),count(block_id) from dba_free_spacegroup by tablespace_name;

26。查询有哪些数据库实例在运行

select inst_name from v$active_instances;

1. 查找oracle性能瓶颈sql

select sql_text,spid,v$session.program,process fromv$sqlarea,v$session,v$processwhere v$sqlarea.address=v$session.sql_addressand v$sqlarea.hash_value=v$session.sql_hash_valueand v$session.paddr=v$process.addrand v$process.spid in (操作系统PID);select sid,event,p1,p1text from v$session_wait;

1. 获取oracle前10条最耗资源的sql语句

SELECT * FROM   (   SELECT PARSING_USER_ID          EXECUTIONS,          SORTS,          COMMAND_TYPE,          DISK_READS,          sql_text      FROM  v$sqlarea     ORDER BY disk_reads DESC    )    WHERE ROWNUM<11;