Jasmine 常用语法

/*jasmine测试脚本 */(function() {    /*     jasmine基本语法介绍：     describe(string, function)：可以理解为是一个测试集或者测试包（官方称之为suite），主要功能是用来划分单元测试的，describe是可以嵌套使用的     参数string：描述测试包的信息     参数function：测试集的具体实现，可包含任意代码     it(string, function)：测试用例（官方称之为spec）     参数string：描述测试用例的信息     参数function：测试用例的具体实现，可包含任意代码     expect：断言表达式     从以下例子可知：     1、每个测试文件中可以包含多个describe     2、每个describe中可以包含多个it     3、每个it中可以包含多个expect     4、describe可嵌套使用     */    describe("Jasmine Test 1", function() {        it("a spec with an expectation", function() {            expect(1).toBe(1);            expect(1===1).toBe(true);            expect("a").not.toBe("b");        });        it("an other spec in current suite", function() {            expect(true).toBe(true);        });    });    describe("Jasmine Test 2", function() {        it("nothing", function() {        });    });    describe("Jasmine Test 3", function() {        describe("Jasmine Test 4", function() {            it("b等于b", function() {                expect("b").toBe("b");            });            it("1===1是正确的", function() {                expect(1===1).toBe(true);            });        });    });    /*     * expect的匹配器     * */    describe("Included matchers:", function() {        //"toBe"基本类型判断        it("The 'toBe' matcher compares with ===", function() {            var a = 12;            var b = a;            expect(a).toBe(b);            expect(a).not.toBe(null);        });        //"toEqual"除了能判断基本类型（相当于"toBe"），还能判断对象        describe("The 'toEqual' matcher", function() {            //基本类型判断            it("works for simple literals and variables", function() {                var a = 12;                expect(a).toEqual(12);            });            //对象判断            it("should work for objects", function() {                var foo = {                    a: 12,                    b: 34                };                var bar = {                    a: 12,                    b: 34                };                expect(foo).toEqual(bar);            });        });        //"toMatch"使用正则表达式判断        it("The 'toMatch' matcher is for regular expressions", function() {            var message = "foo bar baz";            expect(message).toMatch(/bar/);            expect(message).toMatch("bar");            expect(message).not.toMatch(/quux/);        });        //"toBeDefined"判断是否定义        it("The 'toBeDefined' matcher compares against 'undefined'", function() {            var a = {                foo: "foo"            };            expect(a.foo).toBeDefined();            expect(a.bar).not.toBeDefined();        });        //"toBeUndefined"判断是否是undefined，与"toBeDefined"相反        it("The 'toBeUndefined' matcher compares against 'undefined'", function() {            var a = {                foo: "foo"            };            expect(a.foo).not.toBeUndefined();            expect(a.bar).toBeUndefined();        });        //"toBeNull"判断是否为null        it("The 'toBeNull' matcher compares against null", function() {            var a = null;            var foo = "foo";            expect(null).toBeNull();            expect(a).toBeNull();            expect(foo).not.toBeNull();        });        //"toBeTruthy"判断是否是true        it("The 'toBeTruthy' matcher is for boolean casting testing", function() {            var a, foo = "foo";            expect(foo).toBeTruthy();            expect(a).not.toBeTruthy();            expect(true).toBeTruthy();        });        //"toBeFalsy"判断是否是false        it("The 'toBeFalsy' matcher is for boolean casting testing", function() {            var a, foo = "foo";            expect(a).toBeFalsy();            expect(foo).not.toBeFalsy();            expect(false).toBeFalsy();        });        //"toContain"判断数组是否包含（可判断基本类型和对象）        it("The 'toContain' matcher is for finding an item in an Array", function() {            var a = ["foo", "bar", "baz"];            var b = [{foo: "foo", bar: "bar"}, {baz: "baz", bar: "bar"}];            expect(a).toContain("bar");            expect(a).not.toContain("quux");            expect(b).toContain({foo: "foo", bar: "bar"});            expect(b).not.toContain({foo: "foo", baz: "baz"});        });        //"toBeLessThan"判断值类型的大小，结果若小则为True（也可以判断字符及字符串，以ascii码的大小为判断依据）        it("The 'toBeLessThan' matcher is for mathematical comparisons", function() {            var pi = 3.1415926,                e = 2.78;            expect(e).toBeLessThan(pi);            expect(pi).not.toBeLessThan(e);            expect("a").toBeLessThan("b");            expect("b").not.toBeLessThan("a");        });        //"toBeGreaterThan"判断值类型的大小，结果若大则为True，与toBeLessThan相反（也可以判断字符及字符串，以ascii码的大小为判断依据）        it("The 'toBeGreaterThan' matcher is for mathematical comparisons", function() {            var pi = 3.1415926,                e = 2.78;            expect(pi).toBeGreaterThan(e);            expect(e).not.toBeGreaterThan(pi);            expect("a").not.toBeGreaterThan("b");            expect("b").toBeGreaterThan("a");        });        //"toBeCloseTo"判断数字是否相似（第二个参数为小数精度，默认为2位）        it("The 'toBeCloseTo' matcher is for precision math comparison", function() {            var a = 1.1;            var b = 1.5;            var c = 1.455;            var d = 1.459;            expect(a).toBeCloseTo(b, 0);            expect(a).not.toBeCloseTo(c, 1);            expect(c).toBeCloseTo(d);        });        //"toThrow"判断是否抛出异常        it("The 'toThrow' matcher is for testing if a function throws an exception", function() {            var foo = function() {                return 1 + 2;            };            var bar = function() {                return a + 1;            };            expect(foo).not.toThrow();            expect(bar).toThrow();        });        //"toThrowError"判断是否抛出了指定的错误        it("The 'toThrowError' matcher is for testing a specific thrown exception", function() {            var foo = function() {                throw new TypeError("foo bar baz");            };            expect(foo).toThrowError("foo bar baz");            expect(foo).toThrowError(/bar/);            expect(foo).toThrowError(TypeError);            expect(foo).toThrowError(TypeError, "foo bar baz");        });    });    /*     * "fail"函数能使一个测试用例失败，参数为自定义的失败信息     * */    describe("A spec using the fail function", function() {        var foo = function(x, callBack) {            if (x) {                callBack();            }        };        it("should not call the callBack", function() {            foo(false, function() {                fail("Callback has been called");            });        });    });    /*     Jasmine允许在执行测试集/测试用例的开始前/结束后做一些初始化/销毁的操作。     Setup方法：     beforeAll：每个suite（即describe）中所有spec（即it）运行之前运行     beforeEach：每个spec（即it）运行之前运行     Teardown方法：     afterAll：每个suite（即describe）中所有spec（即it）运行之后运行     afterEach：每个spec（即it）运行之后运行     * */    var globalCount;    describe("Setup and Teardown suite 1", function() {        var suiteGlobalCount;        var eachTestCount;        beforeAll(function() {            globalCount = 0;            suiteGlobalCount = 0;            eachTestCount = 0;        });        afterAll(function() {            suiteGlobalCount = 0;        });        beforeEach(function() {            globalCount++;            suiteGlobalCount++;            eachTestCount++;        });        afterEach(function() {            eachTestCount = 0;        });        it("Spec 1", function() {            expect(globalCount).toBe(1);            expect(suiteGlobalCount).toBe(1);            expect(eachTestCount).toBe(1);        });        it("Spec 2", function() {            expect(globalCount).toBe(2);            expect(suiteGlobalCount).toBe(2);            expect(eachTestCount).toBe(1);        });    });    describe("Setup and Teardown suite 2", function() {        beforeEach(function() {            globalCount += 2;        });        it("Spec 1", function() {            expect(globalCount).toBe(4);        });    });    /*     * 在beforeEach - it - afterEach中，还可以使用this关键字定义变量。需要注意的是，使用this关键字声明的变量，仅在beforeEach - it - afterEach这个过程中传递     * */    describe("Test 'this'", function() {        beforeEach(function() {            this.testCount = this.testCount || 0;            this.testCount++;        });        afterEach(function() {            //this.testCount = 0; //无论是否有这行，结果是一样的，因为this指定的变量只能在每个spec的beforeEach/it/afterEach过程中传递        });        it("Spec 1", function() {            expect(this.testCount).toBe(1);        });        it("Spec 2", function() {            expect(this.testCount).toBe(1);        });    });    /*    在实际项目中，需要由于发布的版本需要选择测试用例包，xdescribe和xit能很方便的将不包含在版本中的测试用例排除在外。    不过xdescribe和xit略有不同：    xdescribe：该describe下的所有it将被忽略，Jasmine将直接忽略这些it，因此不会被运行    xit：运行到该it时，挂起它不执行    * */    xdescribe("Test xdescribe", function() {        it("Spec 1", function() {            expect(1).toBe(1);        });        it("Spec 2", function() {            expect(2).toBe(2);        });    });    describe("Test xit", function() {        it("Spec 1", function() {            expect(1).toBe(1);        });        xit("Spec 2", function() {            expect(2).toBe(1);        });        xit("Spec 3", function() {            expect(3).toBe(3);        });    });    /*    * Spy用来追踪函数的调用历史信息（是否被调用、调用参数列表、被请求次数等）。Spy仅存在于定义它的describe和it方法块中，并且每次在spec执行完之后被销毁。    * 当在一个对象上使用spyOn方法后即可模拟调用对象上的函数，此时对所有函数的调用是不会执行实际代码的。    * 两个Spy常用的expect：    *   toHaveBeenCalled: 函数是否被调用    *   toHaveBeenCalledWith: 调用函数时的参数    * */    describe("A spy", function() {        var foo, bar = null;        beforeEach(function() {            foo = {                setBar: function(value) {                    bar = value;                }            };            spyOn(foo, "setBar"); // 在foo对象上添加spy            // 此时调用foo对象上的方法，均为模拟调用，因此不会执行实际的代码            foo.setBar(123); // 调用foo的setBar方法            foo.setBar(456, "another param");        });        it("tracks that the spy was called", function() {            expect(foo.setBar).toHaveBeenCalled(); //判断foo的setBar是否被调用        });        it("tracks all the arguments of its calls", function() {            expect(foo.setBar).toHaveBeenCalledWith(123); //判断被调用时的参数            expect(foo.setBar).toHaveBeenCalledWith(456, "another param");        });        it("stops all execution on a function", function() {            expect(bar).toBeNull();  // 由于是模拟调用，因此bar值并没有改变        });    });    /*    * spyOn().and.callThrough()，告诉Jasmine我们除了要完成对函数调用的跟踪，同时也需要执行实际的代码。    * */    describe("A spy, when configured to call through", function() {        var foo, bar, fetchedBar;        beforeEach(function() {            foo = {                setBar: function(value) {                    bar = value;                },                getBar: function() {                    return bar;                }            };            spyOn(foo, "getBar").and.callThrough(); // 这里使用了callThrough，这时所有的函数调用为真实的执行            spyOn(foo, "setBar").and.callThrough();            foo.setBar(123);            fetchedBar = foo.getBar();        });        it("tracks that the spy was called", function() {            expect(foo.getBar).toHaveBeenCalled();        });        it("should not effect other functions", function() {            expect(foo.setBar).toHaveBeenCalledWith(123);            expect(bar).toEqual(123); // 由于是真实调用，因此bar有了真实的值        });        it("when called returns the requested value", function() {            expect(fetchedBar).toEqual(123); // 由于是真实调用，fetchedBar也有了真实的值        });    });    /*    * spyOn().and.returnValue()，由于Spy是模拟函数的调用，因此我们也可以强制指定函数的返回值。    * */    describe("A spy, when configured to fake a return value", function() {        var foo, bar, fetchedBar;        beforeEach(function() {            foo = {                setBar: function(value) {                    bar = value;                },                getBar: function() {                    return bar;                }            };            spyOn(foo, "getBar").and.returnValue(745); // 这将指定getBar方法返回值为745            foo.setBar(123);            fetchedBar = foo.getBar();        });        it("tracks that the spy was called", function() {            expect(foo.getBar).toHaveBeenCalled();        });        it("should not effect other functions", function() {            expect(bar).toEqual(123);        });        it("when called returns the requested value", function() {            expect(fetchedBar).toEqual(745);        });    });    /*     * spyOn().and.callFake()，     * 与returnValue相似，callFake则更进一步，直接通过指定一个假的自定义函数来执行。这种方式比returnValue更灵活，我们可以任意捏造一个函数来达到我们的测试要求。     * */    describe("A spy, when configured with an alternate implementation", function() {        var foo, bar, fetchedBar;        beforeEach(function() {            foo = {                setBar: function(value) {                    bar = value;                },                getBar: function() {                    return bar;                }            };            spyOn(foo, "getBar").and.callFake(function() {                return 1001;            });            foo.setBar(123);            fetchedBar = foo.getBar();        });        it("tracks that the spy was called", function() {            expect(foo.getBar).toHaveBeenCalled();        });        it("should not effect other functions", function() {            expect(bar).toEqual(123);        });        it("when called returns the requested value", function() {            expect(fetchedBar).toEqual(1001);        });    });    /*     * spyOn().and.throwError()，模拟异常的抛出     * */    describe("A spy, when configured to throw an error", function() {        var foo, bar;        beforeEach(function() {            foo = {                setBar: function(value) {                    bar = value;                }            };            spyOn(foo, "setBar").and.throwError("quux");        });        it("throws the value", function() {            expect(function() {                foo.setBar(123)            }).toThrowError("quux");        });    });    /*     * spyOn().and.stub()，回复到原始的spyOn()方法     * */    describe("A spy", function() {        var foo, bar = null;        beforeEach(function() {            foo = {                setBar: function(value) {                    bar = value;                },                getBar: function(){                    return bar;                }            };            spyOn(foo, "setBar").and.callThrough(); // 标记1            spyOn(foo, "getBar").and.returnValue(999); // 标记2        });        it("can call through and then stub in the same spec", function() {            foo.setBar(123);            expect(bar).toEqual(123);            var getValue = foo.getBar();            expect(getValue).toEqual(999);            foo.setBar.and.stub(); // 相当于"标记1"中的代码变为了spyOn(foo, "setBar")            foo.getBar.and.stub(); // 相当于"标记2"中的代码变为了spyOn(foo, "getBar")            bar = null;            foo.setBar(123);            expect(bar).toBe(null);            expect(foo.setBar).toHaveBeenCalled(); // 函数调用追踪并没有被重置            getValue = foo.getBar();            expect(getValue).toEqual(undefined);            expect(foo.getBar).toHaveBeenCalled(); // 函数调用追踪并没有被重置        });    });    /*    * 其他追踪属性：     calls：对于被Spy的函数的调用，都可以在calls属性中跟踪。     .calls.any(): 被Spy的函数一旦被调用过，则返回true，否则为false；     .calls.count(): 返回被Spy的函数的被调用次数；     .calls.argsFor(index): 返回被Spy的函数的调用参数，以index来指定参数；     .calls.allArgs():返回被Spy的函数的所有调用参数；     .calls.all(): 返回calls的上下文，这将返回当前calls的整个实例数据；     .calls.mostRecent(): 返回calls中追踪的最近一次的请求数据；     .calls.first(): 返回calls中追踪的第一次请求的数据；     .object: 当调用all()，mostRecent()，first()方法时，返回对象的object属性返回的是当前上下文对象；     .calls.reset(): 重置Spy的所有追踪数据；    * */    describe("A spy", function() {        var foo, bar = null;        beforeEach(function() {            foo = {                setBar: function(value) {                    bar = value;                }            };            spyOn(foo, "setBar");        });        //.calls.any(): 被Spy的函数一旦被调用过，则返回true，否则为false；        it("tracks if it was called at all", function() {            expect(foo.setBar.calls.any()).toEqual(false);            foo.setBar();            expect(foo.setBar.calls.any()).toEqual(true);        });        //.calls.count(): 返回被Spy的函数的被调用次数；        it("tracks the number of times it was called", function() {            expect(foo.setBar.calls.count()).toEqual(0);            foo.setBar();            foo.setBar();            expect(foo.setBar.calls.count()).toEqual(2);        });        //.calls.argsFor(index): 返回被Spy的函数的调用参数，以index来指定参数；        it("tracks the arguments of each call", function() {            foo.setBar(123);            foo.setBar(456, "baz");            expect(foo.setBar.calls.argsFor(0)).toEqual([123]);            expect(foo.setBar.calls.argsFor(1)).toEqual([456, "baz"]);        });        //.calls.allArgs():返回被Spy的函数的所有调用参数；        it("tracks the arguments of all calls", function() {            foo.setBar(123);            foo.setBar(456, "baz");            expect(foo.setBar.calls.allArgs()).toEqual([[123],[456, "baz"]]);        });        //.calls.all(): 返回calls的上下文，这将返回当前calls的整个实例数据；        it("can provide the context and arguments to all calls", function() {            foo.setBar(123);            expect(foo.setBar.calls.all()).toEqual([{object: foo, args: [123], returnValue: undefined}]);        });        //.calls.mostRecent(): 返回calls中追踪的最近一次的请求数据；        it("has a shortcut to the most recent call", function() {            foo.setBar(123);            foo.setBar(456, "baz");            expect(foo.setBar.calls.mostRecent()).toEqual({object: foo, args: [456, "baz"], returnValue: undefined});        });        //.calls.first(): 返回calls中追踪的第一次请求的数据；        it("has a shortcut to the first call", function() {            foo.setBar(123);            foo.setBar(456, "baz");            expect(foo.setBar.calls.first()).toEqual({object: foo, args: [123], returnValue: undefined});        });        //.object: 当调用all()，mostRecent()，first()方法时，返回对象的object属性返回的是当前上下文对象；        it("tracks the context", function() {            var spy = jasmine.createSpy("spy");            var baz = {                fn: spy            };            var quux = {                fn: spy            };            baz.fn(123);            quux.fn(456);            expect(spy.calls.first().object).toBe(baz);            expect(spy.calls.mostRecent().object).toBe(quux);        });        //.calls.reset(): 重置Spy的所有追踪数据；        it("can be reset", function() {            foo.setBar(123);            foo.setBar(456, "baz");            expect(foo.setBar.calls.any()).toBe(true);            foo.setBar.calls.reset();            expect(foo.setBar.calls.any()).toBe(false);        });    });    /*     jasmine.createSpy()    * 假如没有函数可以追踪，我们可以自己创建一个空的Spy。    * 创建后的Spy功能与其他的Spy一样：跟踪调用、参数等，但该Spy没有实际的代码实现，这种方式经常会用在对JavaScript中的对象的测试。    * */    describe("A spy, when created manually", function() {        var whatAmI;        beforeEach(function() {            whatAmI = jasmine.createSpy("whatAmI");            whatAmI("I", "am", "a", "spy");        });        it("is named, which helps in error reporting", function() {            expect(whatAmI.and.identity()).toEqual("whatAmI");        });        it("tracks that the spy was called", function() {            expect(whatAmI).toHaveBeenCalled();        });        it("tracks its number of calls", function() {            expect(whatAmI.calls.count()).toEqual(1);        });        it("tracks all the arguments of its calls", function() {            expect(whatAmI).toHaveBeenCalledWith("I", "am", "a", "spy");        });        it("allows access to the most recent call", function() {            expect(whatAmI.calls.mostRecent().args[0]).toEqual("I");        });    });    /*     jasmine.createSpyObj()     * 如果需要spy模拟多个函数调用，可以向jasmine.createSpyObj中传入一个字符串数组，它将返回一个对象，     * 你所传入的所有字符串都将对应一个属性，每个属性即为一个Spy。     * */    describe("Multiple spies, when created manually", function() {        var tape;        beforeEach(function() {            tape = jasmine.createSpyObj('tape', ['play', 'pause', 'stop', 'rewind']);            tape.play();            tape.pause();            tape.rewind(0);        });        it("creates spies for each requested function", function() {            expect(tape.play).toBeDefined();            expect(tape.pause).toBeDefined();            expect(tape.stop).toBeDefined();            expect(tape.rewind).toBeDefined();        });        it("tracks that the spies were called", function() {            expect(tape.play).toHaveBeenCalled();            expect(tape.pause).toHaveBeenCalled();            expect(tape.rewind).toHaveBeenCalled();            expect(tape.stop).not.toHaveBeenCalled();        });        it("tracks all the arguments of its calls", function() {            expect(tape.rewind).toHaveBeenCalledWith(0);        });    });    /*    *  jasmine.any()    * 以构造器或者类名作为参数，Jasmine将判断期望值和真实值的构造器是否相同，若相同则返回true。    * */    describe("jasmine.any", function() {        it("matches any value", function() {            expect({}).toEqual(jasmine.any(Object));            expect(12).toEqual(jasmine.any(Number));        });        describe("when used with a spy", function() {            it("is useful for comparing arguments", function() {                var foo = jasmine.createSpy("foo");                foo(12, function() {                    return true;                });                expect(foo).toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.any(Number), jasmine.any(Function));            });        });    });    /*    * jasmine.anything()    * 判断只要不是null或undefined的值，若不是则返回true。    * */    describe("jasmine.anything", function() {        it("matches anything", function() {            expect(1).toEqual(jasmine.anything());        });        describe("when used with a spy", function() {            it("is useful when the argument can be ignored", function() {                var foo = jasmine.createSpy('foo');                foo(12, function() {                    return false;                });                expect(foo).toHaveBeenCalledWith(12, jasmine.anything());            });        });    });    /*    * jasmine.objectContaining()    * 用来判断对象中是否存在指定的键值属性对。    * */    describe("jasmine.objectContaining", function() {        var foo;        beforeEach(function() {            foo = {                a: 1,                b: 2,                bar: "baz"            };        });        it("matches objects with the expect keyalue pairs", function() {            expect(foo).toEqual(jasmine.objectContaining({                bar: "baz"            }));            expect(foo).not.toEqual(jasmine.objectContaining({                c: 37            }));        });        describe("when used with a spy", function() {            it("is useful for comparing arguments", function() {                var callback = jasmine.createSpy("callback");                callback({                    bar: "baz"                });                expect(callback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.objectContaining({                    bar: "baz"                }));                expect(callback).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.objectContaining({                    c: 37                }));            });        });    });    /*    * jasmine.arrayContaining()    * 可以用来判断数组中是否有期望的值。    * */    describe("jasmine.arrayContaining", function() {        var foo;        beforeEach(function() {            foo = [1, 2, 3, 4];        });        it("matches arrays with some of the values", function() {            expect(foo).toEqual(jasmine.arrayContaining([3, 1]));  // 直接在期望值中使用jasmine.arrayContaining达到目的            expect(foo).not.toEqual(jasmine.arrayContaining([6]));        });        describe("when used with a spy", function() {            it("is useful when comparing arguments", function() {                var callback = jasmine.createSpy("callback"); // 创建一个空的Spy                callback([1, 2, 3, 4]); // 将数组内容作为参数传入Spy中                expect(callback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.arrayContaining([4, 2, 3]));                expect(callback).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.arrayContaining([5, 2]));            });        });    });    /*    * jasmine.stringMatching()    * 用来模糊匹配字符串，在jasmine.stringMatching中也可以使用正则表达式进行匹配，使用起来非常灵活。    * */    describe("jasmine.stringMatching", function() {        it("matches as a regexp", function() {            expect({foo: "bar"}).toEqual({foo: jasmine.stringMatching(/^bar$/)});            expect({foo: "foobarbaz"}).toEqual({foo: jasmine.stringMatching("bar")});        });        describe("when used with a spy", function() {            it("is useful for comparing arguments", function() {                var callback = jasmine.createSpy("callback");                callback("foobarbaz");                expect(callback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.stringMatching("bar"));                expect(callback).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.stringMatching(/^bar$/));            });        });    });    /*    * 不规则匹配（自定义匹配）：asymmetricMatch    * 某些场景下，我们希望能按照自己设计的规则进行匹配，此时我们可以自定义一个对象，该对象只要包含一个名为asymmetricMatch的方法即可。    * */    describe("custom asymmetry", function() {        var tester = {            asymmetricMatch: function(actual) {                var secondValue = actual.split(",")[1];                return secondValue === "bar";            }        };        it("dives in deep", function() {            expect("foo,bar,baz,quux").toEqual(tester);        });        describe("when used with a spy", function() {            it("is useful for comparing arguments", function() {                var callback = jasmine.createSpy("callback");                callback("foo,bar,baz");                expect(callback).toHaveBeenCalledWith(tester);            });        });    });    /*    * jasmine.clock()用来模拟操纵时间。    * 要想使用jasmine.clock()，先调用jasmine.clock().install告诉Jasmine你想要在spec或者suite操作时间，当你不需要使用时，务必调用jasmine.clock().uninstall来恢复时间状态。    *    * 示例中使用jasmine.clock().tick(milliseconds)来控制时间前进，本例中出现了三种时间控制方式：    * setTimeout: 定期执行一次，当jasmine.clock().tick()的时间超过了timeout设置的时间时触发    * setInterval: 定期循环执行，每当jasmine.clock().tick()的时间超过了timeout设置的时间时触发    * mockDate: 模拟一个指定日期（当不提供基准时间参数时，以当前时间为基准时间）    * */    describe("Manually ticking the Jasmine Clock", function() {        var timerCallback;        beforeEach(function() {            timerCallback = jasmine.createSpy("timerCallback");            jasmine.clock().install();        });        afterEach(function() {            jasmine.clock().uninstall();        });        it("causes a timeout to be called synchronously", function() {            setTimeout(function() {                timerCallback();            }, 100);            expect(timerCallback).not.toHaveBeenCalled();            jasmine.clock().tick(101);            expect(timerCallback).toHaveBeenCalled();        });        it("causes an interval to be called synchronously", function() {            setInterval(function() {                timerCallback();            }, 100);            expect(timerCallback).not.toHaveBeenCalled();            jasmine.clock().tick(101);            expect(timerCallback.calls.count()).toEqual(1);            jasmine.clock().tick(50);            expect(timerCallback.calls.count()).toEqual(1);            jasmine.clock().tick(50);            expect(timerCallback.calls.count()).toEqual(2);        });        describe("Mocking the Date object", function(){            it("mocks the Date object and sets it to a given time", function() {                var baseTime = new Date();                jasmine.clock().mockDate(baseTime);                jasmine.clock().tick(50);                expect(new Date().getTime()).toEqual(baseTime.getTime() + 50);            });        });    });    /*    * Jasmine可以支持spec中执行异步操作。    * 当调用beforeEach, it和afterEach时，函数可以包含一个可选参数done，当spec执行完毕之后，调用done通知Jasmine异步操作已执行完毕。    *    * 另外补充一点，如果需要设置全局的默认超时时间，可以设置jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL的值，    * 当异步执行时间超过设置的执行超时时间js将会报错。    * */    describe("Asynchronous specs", function() {        var value;        beforeEach(function(done) {            setTimeout(function() {                value = 0;                done();            }, 1);        });        // 在上面beforeEach的done()被执行之前，这个测试用例不会被执行        it("should support async execution of test preparation and expectations", function(done) {            value++;            expect(value).toBeGreaterThan(0);            done(); // 执行完done()之后，该测试用例真正执行完成        });        // Jasmine异步执行超时时间默认为5秒，超过后将报错        describe("long asynchronous specs", function() {            var originalTimeout;            beforeEach(function() {                originalTimeout = jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL;                // 设置全局的默认超时时间                jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL = 6000;            });            it("takes a long time", function(done) {                setTimeout(function() {                    done();                }, 4000);            });            // 如果要调整指定用例的默认的超时时间，可以在beforeEach，it和afterEach中传入一个时间参数            //it("takes a long time for this spec", function(done) {            //    setTimeout(function() {            //        done();            //    }, 6000);            //}, 7000);            afterEach(function() {                jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL = originalTimeout;            });        });    });}());

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