MCU非常重要的通信接口--UART的调试

1，在CubeMX中的配置步骤

（1）RCC 

打开HSE

外设的时钟配置，HCLK = 72MHZ

（2）USART1

异步收发

以上配置完成，生成keil工程的代码。

2，

测试程序的步骤：在串口调试助手中向UART1中发送数据，使用中断的方式，stm32f103中收到字符串后进入中断服务函数，然后像串口写入接收到的数据，在串口调试助手中显示出来。

（1）GPIO Init

void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* huart){  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;  if(huart->Instance==USART1)  {  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 0 */  /* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 0 */    /* Peripheral clock enable */    __HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();      /**USART1 GPIO Configuration        PA9     ------> USART1_TX    PA10     ------> USART1_RX     */    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9;    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_10;    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 1 */  /* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 1 */  }

（2）main func

/**  ******************************************************************************  * File Name          : main.c  * Description        : Main program body  ******************************************************************************  *  * COPYRIGHT(c) 2017 STMicroelectronics  *  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,  * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:  *   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,  *      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.  *   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,  *      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation  *      and/or other materials provided with the distribution.  *   3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors  *      may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software  *      without specific prior written permission.  *  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"  * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE  * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR  * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER  * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE  * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.  *  ******************************************************************************  *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/#include "main.h"#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"#include "variable.h"/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes *//* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;/* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/void SystemClock_Config(void);void Error_Handler(void);static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE END PFP *//* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *//* USER CODE END 0 */unsigned char uart_rx_buffer[20] = {0};int main(void){  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */  /* USER CODE END 1 */  /* MCU Configuration----------------------------------------------------------*/  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */  HAL_Init();  /* Configure the system clock */  SystemClock_Config();  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */  MX_GPIO_Init();  MX_USART1_UART_Init();  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */  /* USER CODE END 2 */  /* Infinite loop */  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */  while (1)  {  /* USER CODE END WHILE *///HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&"33\n", 3, 100);//HAL_Delay(50);  /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1,uart_rx_buffer,4);HAL_Delay(50);  }  /* USER CODE END 3 */}/** System Clock Configuration*/void SystemClock_Config(void){  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;    /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks     */  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }    /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks     */  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }    /**Configure the Systick interrupt time     */  HAL_SYSTICK_Config(HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq()/1000);    /**Configure the Systick     */  HAL_SYSTICK_CLKSourceConfig(SYSTICK_CLKSOURCE_HCLK);  /* SysTick_IRQn interrupt configuration */  HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(SysTick_IRQn, 0, 0);}/* USART1 init function */static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void){  huart1.Instance = USART1;  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 9600;  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART1_IRQn, 1, 1);  HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);    __HAL_UART_ENABLE(&huart1); HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1,uart_rx_buffer,4);}void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *UartHandle)  {  if(uart_rx_buffer[0] == '0' && uart_rx_buffer[3] == '3'){HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&uart_rx_buffer[1], 2, 100);HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(uint8_t *)&"\n",1,100);}//HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1,uart_rx_buffer,4);//HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&"22\n", 3, 100);}  /** Configure pins as         * Analog         * Input         * Output        * EVENT_OUT        * EXTI*/static void MX_GPIO_Init(void){  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//**  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.  * @param  None  * @retval None  */void Error_Handler(void){  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler */  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */  while(1)   {  }  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler */ }#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT/**   * @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number   * where the assert_param error has occurred.   * @param file: pointer to the source file name   * @param line: assert_param error line source number   * @retval None   */void assert_failed(uint8_t* file, uint32_t line){  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,    ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */  /* USER CODE END 6 */}#endif/**  * @}  */ /**  * @}*/ /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/