stm32的I2C主从模式

1，stm32的I2C总线既可以作为主模式也可以作为从模式

作为主模式和作为从模式在CUBE中的配置是一样的，只是i2c设备的地址不一样

Timing是时序，是在配置的时候生成的，不需要修改

当总线的频率设置为100KHZ的时候，rise time 和fall time 要设置为100ns

ownAddress就是指的i2c总线的设备地址，该地址可以选择7bit 或者10bit

2，测试的时候使用两块开发板，一块作为master另一块作为slave，主机向从机发送"I2C"，当从机收到之后然后发给主机，主机收到之后才能向下运行，然后循环打印收到的内容。

主机代码如下：

/**  ******************************************************************************  * File Name          : main.c  * Description        : Main program body  ******************************************************************************  *  * COPYRIGHT(c) 2017 STMicroelectronics  *  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,  * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:  *   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,  *      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.  *   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,  *      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation  *      and/or other materials provided with the distribution.  *   3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors  *      may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software  *      without specific prior written permission.  *  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"  * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE  * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR  * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER  * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE  * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.  *  ******************************************************************************  *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/#include "main.h"#include "stm32f0xx_hal.h"//#include "stm32f1xx_hal_usart.h"/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes *//* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1;UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;/* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/void SystemClock_Config(void);void Error_Handler(void);static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);static void MX_I2C1_Init(void);static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE END PFP *//* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *//* USER CODE END 0 */uint8_t buffer_receive[20] = {0};int main(void){  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */  /* USER CODE END 1 */  /* MCU Configuration----------------------------------------------------------*/  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */  HAL_Init();  /* Configure the system clock */  SystemClock_Config();  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */  MX_GPIO_Init();MX_USART1_UART_Init();  MX_I2C1_Init();  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */while(HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c1, 0x0B, (uint8_t *)&"I2C", 3, 100) != HAL_OK){}while(HAL_I2C_Master_Receive(&hi2c1, 0x0B, &buffer_receive[0], 3, 100) != HAL_OK){}  /* USER CODE END 2 */  /* Infinite loop */  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */  while (1)  {  /* USER CODE END WHILE */if(buffer_receive[0] == 'I' && buffer_receive[1] == '2' && buffer_receive[2] == 'C'){HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, buffer_receive, 3, 100);HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&"\n", 1, 100);}  /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */  }  /* USER CODE END 3 */}/** System Clock Configuration*/void SystemClock_Config(void){  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;  RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit;    /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks     */  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = 16;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL12;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PREDIV = RCC_PREDIV_DIV1;  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }    /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks     */  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_1) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }  PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_I2C1;  PeriphClkInit.I2c1ClockSelection = RCC_I2C1CLKSOURCE_HSI;  if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }    /**Configure the Systick interrupt time     */  HAL_SYSTICK_Config(HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq()/1000);    /**Configure the Systick     */  HAL_SYSTICK_CLKSourceConfig(SYSTICK_CLKSOURCE_HCLK);  /* SysTick_IRQn interrupt configuration */  HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(SysTick_IRQn, 0, 0);}/* I2C1 init function */static void MX_I2C1_Init(void){  hi2c1.Instance = I2C1;  hi2c1.Init.Timing = 0x00201D2B;  hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0x0A;  hi2c1.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;  hi2c1.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_DISABLE;  hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0xFF;  hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;  hi2c1.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;  hi2c1.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c1) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }    /**Configure Analogue filter     */  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c1, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }}/** Configure pins as         * Analog         * Input         * Output        * EVENT_OUT        * EXTI*/static void MX_GPIO_Init(void){GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */  __HAL_RCC_GPIOF_CLK_ENABLE();  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();__HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();      /**USART1 GPIO Configuration        PA9     ------> USART1_TX    PA10     ------> USART1_RX     */    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9;    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_10;    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 1 */  /* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 1 */}void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void){huart1.Instance = USART1;  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 9600;  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//**  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.  * @param  None  * @retval None  */void Error_Handler(void){  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler */  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */  while(1)   {  }  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler */ }#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT/**   * @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number   * where the assert_param error has occurred.   * @param file: pointer to the source file name   * @param line: assert_param error line source number   * @retval None   */void assert_failed(uint8_t* file, uint32_t line){  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,    ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */  /* USER CODE END 6 */}#endif/**  * @}  */ /**  * @}*/ /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

从机代码如下：

/**  ******************************************************************************  * File Name          : main.c  * Description        : Main program body  ******************************************************************************  *  * COPYRIGHT(c) 2017 STMicroelectronics  *  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,  * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:  *   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,  *      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.  *   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,  *      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation  *      and/or other materials provided with the distribution.  *   3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors  *      may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software  *      without specific prior written permission.  *  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"  * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE  * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR  * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER  * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE  * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.  *  ******************************************************************************  *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/#include "main.h"#include "stm32f0xx_hal.h"/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes *//* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1;/* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/void SystemClock_Config(void);void Error_Handler(void);static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);static void MX_I2C1_Init(void);/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE END PFP *//* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *//* USER CODE END 0 */static uint8_t buffer[20] = {0}; int main(void){  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */  /* USER CODE END 1 */  /* MCU Configuration----------------------------------------------------------*/  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */  HAL_Init();  /* Configure the system clock */  SystemClock_Config();  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */  MX_GPIO_Init();  MX_I2C1_Init();  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */while(HAL_I2C_Slave_Receive(&hi2c1, buffer, 3, 100) != HAL_OK){}while(HAL_I2C_Slave_Transmit(&hi2c1, &buffer[0], 3, 100) != HAL_OK){}  /* USER CODE END 2 */  /* Infinite loop */  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */  while (1)  {  /* USER CODE END WHILE */  /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */  }  /* USER CODE END 3 */}/** System Clock Configuration*/void SystemClock_Config(void){  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;  RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit;    /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks     */  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = 16;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL12;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PREDIV = RCC_PREDIV_DIV1;  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }    /**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks     */  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_1) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }  PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_I2C1;  PeriphClkInit.I2c1ClockSelection = RCC_I2C1CLKSOURCE_HSI;  if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }    /**Configure the Systick interrupt time     */  HAL_SYSTICK_Config(HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq()/1000);    /**Configure the Systick     */  HAL_SYSTICK_CLKSourceConfig(SYSTICK_CLKSOURCE_HCLK);  /* SysTick_IRQn interrupt configuration */  HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(SysTick_IRQn, 0, 0);}/* I2C1 init function */static void MX_I2C1_Init(void){  hi2c1.Instance = I2C1;  hi2c1.Init.Timing = 0x00201D2B;  hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress1 = 0x0B;  hi2c1.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;  hi2c1.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_DISABLE;  hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0xFF;  hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress2Masks = I2C_OA2_NOMASK;  hi2c1.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;  hi2c1.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;  if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c1) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }    /**Configure Analogue filter     */  if (HAL_I2CEx_ConfigAnalogFilter(&hi2c1, I2C_ANALOGFILTER_ENABLE) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }}/** Configure pins as         * Analog         * Input         * Output        * EVENT_OUT        * EXTI*/static void MX_GPIO_Init(void){  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */  __HAL_RCC_GPIOF_CLK_ENABLE();  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//**  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.  * @param  None  * @retval None  */void Error_Handler(void){  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler */  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */  while(1)   {  }  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler */ }#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT/**   * @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number   * where the assert_param error has occurred.   * @param file: pointer to the source file name   * @param line: assert_param error line source number   * @retval None   */void assert_failed(uint8_t* file, uint32_t line){  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,    ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */  /* USER CODE END 6 */}#endif/**  * @}  */ /**  * @}*/ /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/