C#串口介绍以及简单串口通信程序设计实现

来源：互联网发布：现货交易模拟软件编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/21 22:21

C#串口介绍以及简单串口通信程序设计实现

周末，没事干，写个简单的串口通信工具，也算是本周末曾来过，废话不多，直接到主题

串口介绍

　　串行接口简称串口，也称串行通信接口或串行通讯接口（通常指COM接口），是采用串行通信方式的扩展接口。（至于再详细，自己百度）

串口应用：

　　工业领域使用较多，比如:数据采集，设备控制等等，好多都是用串口通信来实现！你要是细心的话，你会发现，目前家用国网智能电能表就具备RS485通信总线（串行总线的一种）与RS232可以相互转化（当然一般，非专业的谁也不会闲的蛋疼，趴电表上瞎看,最多也就看看走了多少度电）

RS232 DB9介绍：

1.示意图

2.针脚介绍：

载波检测(DCD)
接受数据(RXD)
发出数据(TXD)
数据终端准备好(DTR)
信号地线(SG)
数据准备好(DSR)
请求发送(RTS)
清除发送(CTS)
振铃指示(RI)

3.实物图：

以下是我购买XX公司的一个usb转串口线：这个头就是一个公头，另一端是一个usb口

笨小孩串口工具运行图：

1.开启程序

2.发送一行字符串HelloBenXH，直接将针脚的发送和接收链接起来就可以测试了（针脚2 接受数据(RXD) 和3 发出数据(TXD)）直接链接,

C#代码实现：采用SerialPort

1.实例化一个SerialPort

private SerialPort ComDevice = new SerialPort();

2.初始化参数绑定接收数据事件

public void init()        {            btnSend.Enabled = false;            cbbComList.Items.AddRange(SerialPort.GetPortNames());            if (cbbComList.Items.Count > 0)            {                cbbComList.SelectedIndex = 0;            }            cbbBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 5;            cbbDataBits.SelectedIndex = 0;            cbbParity.SelectedIndex = 0;             cbbStopBits.SelectedIndex = 0;            pictureBox1.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.red;            ComDevice.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(Com_DataReceived);//绑定事件                    }

3.打开串口button事件

/// <summary>        /// 打开串口        /// </summary>        /// <param name="sender"></param>        /// <param name="e"></param>        private void btnOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            if (cbbComList.Items.Count <= 0)            {                MessageBox.Show("没有发现串口,请检查线路！");                return;            }            if (ComDevice.IsOpen == false)            {                ComDevice.PortName = cbbComList.SelectedItem.ToString();                ComDevice.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cbbBaudRate.SelectedItem.ToString());                ComDevice.Parity = (Parity)Convert.ToInt32(cbbParity.SelectedIndex.ToString());                ComDevice.DataBits = Convert.ToInt32(cbbDataBits.SelectedItem.ToString());                ComDevice.StopBits = (StopBits)Convert.ToInt32(cbbStopBits.SelectedItem.ToString());                try                {                    ComDevice.Open();                    btnSend.Enabled = true;                }                catch (Exception ex)                {                    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);                    return;                }                btnOpen.Text = "关闭串口";                pictureBox1.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.green;            }            else            {                try                {                    ComDevice.Close();                    btnSend.Enabled = false;                }                catch (Exception ex)                {                    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);                }                btnOpen.Text = "打开串口";                pictureBox1.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.red;            }            cbbComList.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;            cbbBaudRate.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;            cbbParity.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;            cbbDataBits.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;            cbbStopBits.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;        }

4.发送数据

/// <summary>        /// 发送数据        /// </summary>        /// <param name="sender"></param>        /// <param name="data"></param>        public bool SendData(byte[] data)        {            if (ComDevice.IsOpen)            {                try                {                    ComDevice.Write(data, 0, data.Length);//发送数据                    return true;                }                catch (Exception ex)                {                    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);                }            }            else            {                MessageBox.Show("串口未打开", "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);            }            return false;        }        /// <summary>        /// 发送数据button事件        /// </summary>        /// <param name="sender"></param>        /// <param name="e"></param>        private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            byte[] sendData = null;            if (rbtnSendHex.Checked)            {                sendData = strToHexByte(txtSendData.Text.Trim());            }            else if (rbtnSendASCII.Checked)            {                sendData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());            }            else if (rbtnSendUTF8.Checked)            {                sendData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());            }            else if (rbtnSendUnicode.Checked)            {                sendData = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());            }            else            {                sendData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());            }            if (this.SendData(sendData))//发送数据成功计数            {                lblSendCount.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate                {                    lblSendCount.Text = (int.Parse(lblSendCount.Text) + txtSendData.Text.Length).ToString();                }));            }            else            {            }        }        /// <summary>        /// 字符串转换16进制字节数组        /// </summary>        /// <param name="hexString"></param>        /// <returns></returns>        private byte[] strToHexByte(string hexString)        {            hexString = hexString.Replace(" ", "");            if ((hexString.Length % 2) != 0)                hexString += " ";            byte[] returnBytes = new byte[hexString.Length / 2];            for (int i = 0; i < returnBytes.Length; i++)                returnBytes[i] = Convert.ToByte(hexString.Substring(i * 2, 2).Replace(" ",""), 16);            return returnBytes;        }

5.接收和数据输出

/// <summary>        /// 接收数据        /// </summary>        /// <param name="sender"></param>        /// <param name="e"></param>        private void Com_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)        {            byte[] ReDatas = new byte[ComDevice.BytesToRead];            ComDevice.Read(ReDatas, 0, ReDatas.Length);//读取数据            this.AddData(ReDatas);//输出数据        }               /// <summary>        /// 添加数据        /// </summary>        /// <param name="data">字节数组</param>        public void AddData(byte[] data)        {            if (rbtnHex.Checked)            {                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();                for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)                {                    sb.AppendFormat("{0:x2}" + " ", data[i]);                }                AddContent(sb.ToString().ToUpper());            }            else if (rbtnASCII.Checked)            {                AddContent(new ASCIIEncoding().GetString(data));            }            else if (rbtnUTF8.Checked)            {                AddContent(new UTF8Encoding().GetString(data));            }            else if (rbtnUnicode.Checked)            {                AddContent(new UnicodeEncoding().GetString(data));            }            else            {}                      lblRevCount.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate            {                lblRevCount.Text = (int.Parse(lblRevCount.Text) + data.Length).ToString();            }));        }        /// <summary>        /// 输入到显示区域        /// </summary>        /// <param name="content"></param>        private void AddContent(string content)        {            this.BeginInvoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate            {                if(chkAutoLine.Checked && txtShowData.Text.Length>0)                {                    txtShowData.AppendText("\r\n");                }                txtShowData.AppendText(content);            }));        }

6.清空数据区域事件

/// <summary>        /// 清空接收区        /// </summary>        /// <param name="sender"></param>        /// <param name="e"></param>        private void btnClearRev_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            txtShowData.Clear();        }        /// <summary>        /// 清空发送区        /// </summary>        /// <param name="sender"></param>        /// <param name="e"></param>        private void btnClearSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            txtSendData.Clear();        }

运行程序下载地址 BXHSerialPort.exe

源代码工程下载

不足之处，还望见谅！

4 0