Android网络框架-OkHttp使用

一、OkHttp 简介

1.1 OKhttp的优势：

（1）允许连接到同一个主机地址的所有请求,提高请求效率
（2）共享Socket,减少对服务器的请求次数
（3）通过连接池,减少了请求延迟
（4）缓存响应数据来减少重复的网络请求
（5）减少了对数据流量的消耗
（6）自动处理GZip压缩

1.2 OKhttp的功能：

（1）get,post请求[3]
（2）文件的上传下载[3]
（3）加载图片(内部会图片大小自动压缩)[3]
（4）支持请求回调，直接返回对象、对象集合[3]
（5）支持session的保持[3]

二、客户端

2.1 打开AndroidStudio ,新建工程sample

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2.2 打开

build.gradle(Module:sample)，添加以下语句：compile ‘com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.6.0’。然后点击“Sync Now”。详细代码如下：

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'android {    compileSdkVersion 25    buildToolsVersion "25.0.2"    defaultConfig {        applicationId "com.example.sample"        minSdkVersion 15        targetSdkVersion 25        versionCode 1        versionName "1.0"        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"    }    buildTypes {        release {            minifyEnabled false            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'        }    }    task clean(type:Delete){        delete rootProject.buildDir    }}dependencies {    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'    })    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.2.0'    compile 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.6.0'    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'}

2.3 打开AndroidManifest.xml，添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>

2.4 配置布局文件activity_main.xml，添加相应的按钮以及TextView、ImageView：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:id="@+id/activity_main"    android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:orientation="vertical"    tools:context="com.example.sample.MainActivity">    <Button        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:onClick="doGet"        android:text="Get"/>    <Button        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:onClick="doPost"        android:text="Post"/>    <Button        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:onClick="doPostString"        android:text="Post String"/>    <Button        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:onClick="doPostFile"        android:text="Post File"/>    <Button        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:onClick="doUpload"        android:text="Upload"/>    <Button        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:onClick="doDownload"        android:text="Download"/>    <Button        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:onClick="doDownloadImg"        android:text="Download Img"/>    <TextView        android:id="@+id/id_tv_result"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="Hello World!" />    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/id_iv_result"        android:layout_width="match_parent"       android:layout_height="wrap_content"/></LinearLayout>

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2.5 L.java：调试窗口显示信息

package com.example.sample;import android.util.Log;/** * Created by rxzero on 17-4-4. */public class L {    private static final String TAG="Imooc_okhttp";    private static boolean debug=true;    public static void e(String msg){        if(debug)            Log.e(TAG,msg);    }}

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2.6 封装ContingRequestBody.java

package com.example.sample;import com.squareup.okhttp.MediaType;import com.squareup.okhttp.RequestBody;import java.io.IOException;import okio.Buffer;import okio.BufferedSink;import okio.ForwardingSink;import okio.Okio;import okio.Sink;/** * Created by rxzero on 17-4-20. */public class CountingRequestBody extends RequestBody{    protected RequestBody delegate;    private Listener listener;    private ContingSink contingSink;    public CountingRequestBody (RequestBody delegate,Listener listener) {        this.delegate=delegate;        this.listener=listener;    }    @Override    public MediaType contentType() {        return delegate.contentType();    }    @Override    public long contentLength() {        try {            return delegate.contentLength();        } catch (IOException e) {            return -1;        }    }    @Override    public void writeTo(BufferedSink sink) throws IOException {        contingSink=new ContingSink(sink);        BufferedSink bufferedSink= Okio.buffer(contingSink);        delegate.writeTo(bufferedSink);        bufferedSink.flush();//刷新    }    protected final class ContingSink extends ForwardingSink{        private long bytesWritten;        public ContingSink(Sink delegate) {            super(delegate);        }        @Override        public void write(Buffer source, long byteCount) throws IOException {            super.write(source, byteCount);            bytesWritten+=byteCount;            listener.onRequestProgress(bytesWritten,contentLength());        }    }    public static interface Listener{        void onRequestProgress(long byteWrited,long contentLength);    }}

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2.7 MainActivity.java

package com.example.sample;import android.graphics.Bitmap;import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;import android.os.Environment;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.TextView;import com.squareup.okhttp.Call;import com.squareup.okhttp.Callback;import com.squareup.okhttp.MediaType;import com.squareup.okhttp.MultipartBuilder;import com.squareup.okhttp.OkHttpClient;import com.squareup.okhttp.FormEncodingBuilder;import com.squareup.okhttp.Request;import com.squareup.okhttp.RequestBody;import com.squareup.okhttp.Response;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.net.CookieManager;import java.net.CookiePolicy;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    OkHttpClient okHttpClient=new OkHttpClient();//拿到okhttpClient对象    private TextView mTvResult;    private ImageView mIvResult;    private String mBaseUrl="http://139.199.209.189:8080/Imooc_http/";    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        okHttpClient.setCookieHandler(new CookieManager(null, CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ALL));        mTvResult= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.id_tv_result);        mIvResult= (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.id_iv_result);    }    public void doDownload(View view){        Request.Builder builder=new Request.Builder();//构造Request        final Request request=builder                .get()                .url(mBaseUrl+"files/hyman.jpg")                .build();        Call call=okHttpClient.newCall(request);//将Request封装为Call        call.enqueue(new Callback() {            @Override            public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e) {                L.e("onFailure"+e.getMessage());                e.printStackTrace();            }            @Override            public void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {                L.e("onResponse:");                final long total=response.body().contentLength();//文件总长度                long sum=0L;                InputStream is = response.body().byteStream();                int len=0;                File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"hyman123.jpg");                byte[] buf=new byte[128];                FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(file);                while((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){                    fos.write(buf,0,len);                    sum+=len;                    L.e(sum+"/"+total);                    final long finalSum=sum;                    runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                        @Override                        public void run() {                            mTvResult.setText(finalSum+"/"+total);                        }                    });                }                fos.flush();                fos.close();                is.close();                L.e("download success!");            }        });    }    public void doDownloadImg(View view){        Request.Builder builder=new Request.Builder();//构造Request        final Request request=builder                .get()                .url(mBaseUrl+"files/hyman.jpg")                .build();        Call call=okHttpClient.newCall(request);//将Request封装为Call        call.enqueue(new Callback() {            @Override            public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e) {                L.e("onFailure"+e.getMessage());                e.printStackTrace();            }            @Override            public void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {                L.e("onResponse:");                InputStream is = response.body().byteStream();                final Bitmap bitmap=BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                    @Override                    public void run() {                        mIvResult.setImageBitmap(bitmap);                    }                });            }        });    }    public void doUpload(View view){        File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"banner2.jpg");        if(!file.exists()){            L.e(file.getAbsolutePath()+"no exist!");            return;        }        MultipartBuilder multipartBuilder=new MultipartBuilder();        RequestBody requestBody=multipartBuilder.type(multipartBuilder.FORM)                .addFormDataPart("username","hyman").addFormDataPart("password","321")                .addFormDataPart("mPhoto","hyman.jpg",RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/octet-stream"),file))                .build();        CountingRequestBody countingRequestBody=new CountingRequestBody(requestBody, new CountingRequestBody.Listener() {            @Override            public void onRequestProgress(long bytesWritten, long contentLength) {                L.e(bytesWritten+"/"+contentLength);            }        });        Request.Builder builder=new Request.Builder();        Request request=builder.url(mBaseUrl+"uploadInfo").post(countingRequestBody).build();        executeRequest(request);    }    public void doPost(View view){        FormEncodingBuilder requestBodyBuilder=new FormEncodingBuilder();        RequestBody requestBody=requestBodyBuilder.add("username","hyman").add("password","5678").build();        Request.Builder builder=new Request.Builder();//构造Request        Request request=builder.url(mBaseUrl+"login").post(requestBody).build();        executeRequest(request);    }    public void doPostString(View view){        RequestBody requestBody=RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain;chaset=utf-8"),"{username:hyman,password:123}");        Request.Builder builder=new Request.Builder();//构造Request        Request request=builder.url(mBaseUrl+"postString").post(requestBody).build();        executeRequest(request);    }    public void doPostFile(View view){        File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"banner2.jpg");        if(!file.exists()){            L.e(file.getAbsolutePath()+"not exit!");            return;        }        RequestBody requestBody=RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/octet-stream"),file);        Request.Builder builder=new Request.Builder();//构造Request        Request request=builder.url(mBaseUrl+"postFile").post(requestBody).build();        executeRequest(request);    }    public void doGet(View view){        Request.Builder builder=new Request.Builder();//构造Request        final Request request=builder                .get()                .url(mBaseUrl+"login?username=hyman&password=1234")                .build();        executeRequest(request);    }    private void executeRequest(Request request) {        Call call=okHttpClient.newCall(request);//将Request封装为Call        call.enqueue(new Callback() {            @Override            public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e) {                L.e("onFailure"+e.getMessage());                e.printStackTrace();            }            @Override            public void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {                L.e("onResponse:");                final String res=response.body().string();                L.e(res);                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {                    @Override                    public void run() {                        mTvResult.setText(res);                    }                });            }        });    }}

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三、服务器

3.1 下载struts-2.2.32，搭建开发环境，新建工Myeclipse程Imooc_http，将struts-2.2.32下apps/WEB-INF/lib下的所有文件复制到WEB-INF/lib

将apps/WEB-INF/classes/struts文件放在工程src目录下

将apps/WEB-INF/web文件里以下代码放在工程WEB-INF/web.xml文件下

 <filter>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter>    <filter-mapping>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    </filter-mapping>

完成后的web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">  <display-name>Imooc_http</display-name>  <welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list>    <filter>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>    </filter>    <filter-mapping>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    </filter-mapping></web-app>

项目工程目录：

3.2

新建UserAction.java

package com.imoov.action;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.lang.reflect.Field;import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;import org.omg.PortableServer.Servant;import org.omg.PortableServer.ServantActivator;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;public class UserAction extends ActionSupport{    private String username;    private String password;    public File mPhoto;    public String mPhotoFileName;    public String uploadInfo() throws IOException {        System.out.println(username+","+password);        if(mPhoto==null){            System.out.println(mPhotoFileName+"is null.");        }        String dir=ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("files");        File file=new File(dir,mPhotoFileName);        FileUtils.copyFile(mPhoto, file);        return null;    }    public String postFile() throws IOException {        HttpServletRequest request=ServletActionContext.getRequest();        ServletInputStream is = request.getInputStream();        System.out.println("sessionId="+request.getSession().getId());        String dir = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("files");        File file=new File(dir,"banner2.jpg");        FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(file);        int len=0;        byte[] buf=new byte[1024];        while((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){            fos.write(buf,0,len);        }        fos.flush();        fos.close();        return null;    }    public String postString() throws IOException{        HttpServletRequest request=ServletActionContext.getRequest();        System.out.println("sessionId="+request.getSession().getId());        ServletInputStream is=request.getInputStream();        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();        int len=0;        byte[] buf=new byte[1024];        while((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){            sb.append(new String(buf,0,len));        }        System.out.println(sb.toString());        return null;    }    public String login() throws IOException {        HttpServletRequest request=ServletActionContext.getRequest();        System.out.println("sessionId="+request.getSession().getId());        System.out.println(username+","+password);        HttpServletResponse response=ServletActionContext.getResponse();        PrintWriter writer=response.getWriter();        writer.write("login success!");        writer.flush();        return null;    }    public String getUsername() {        return username;    }    public void setUsername(String username) {        this.username = username;    }    public String getPassword() {        return password;    }    public void setPassword(String password) {        this.password = password;    }}