用代码学习Spring:IoC、AOP

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1   从http://www.springframework.org下载Spring
2   用eclipse新建Java项目
3   建立我们的业务方法接口
public   interface   BusinessObject   {
        public   void   doSomething();
        public   void   doAnotherThing();
}
import   org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import   org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;public   interface   BusinessObject   {
        public   void   doSomething();
        public   void   doAnotherThing();
}
import   org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import   org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;


4  实现业务方法,注意这是的setWords使用了依赖注入,所谓依赖注入就是把配置文件中的字符串什么的在程序运行时“自动”放到我们的程序中来。如果不是这样,我们就只能在代码中固化这些东西,从而违背了面向对象的依赖倒置原则,还有一种满足依赖倒置的方法,即依赖查询,这就是所谓的factory模式,即在代码中请求某种抽象的东西,然后根据配置得到它,但这种办法向对于依赖注入多了对环境的依赖,且代码冗余,EJB的JNDI查询就属于这种。另外我们的Spring配置文件是以bean为核心的,就是我们写的一个类,在XML中描述它的名称、位置和涵盖的内容、关系。
public   class   BusinessObjectImpl   implements   BusinessObject   {
        private   String   words;
        public   void   setWords(String   words){
                this.words   =   words;
        }
        public   void   doSomething()   {
                Log   log   =   LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
                log.info(words);
        }
        public   void   doAnotherThing()   {
                Log   log   =   LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
                log.info("Another   thing");
        }

}public   class   BusinessObjectImpl   implements   BusinessObject   {
        private   String   words;
        public   void   setWords(String   words){
                this.words   =   words;
        }
        public   void   doSomething()   {
                Log   log   =   LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
                log.info(words);
        }
        public   void   doAnotherThing()   {
                Log   log   =   LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
                log.info("Another   thing");
        }

}

5   建立一个运行方法类,从配置文件spring-beans.xml中读入bo这个类的定义,然后实例化一个对象
import   org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import   org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;


public   class   Main   {
        public   static   void   main(String[]   args){
                XmlBeanFactory   xbf   =   new   XmlBeanFactory(new   ClassPathResource("spring-beans.xml"));
                BusinessObject   bo   =   (BusinessObject)xbf.getBean("bo");
                bo.doSomething();
                bo.doAnotherThing();
        }
}import   org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import   org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;


public   class   Main   {
        public   static   void   main(String[]   args){
                XmlBeanFactory   xbf   =   new   XmlBeanFactory(new   ClassPathResource("spring-beans.xml"));
                BusinessObject   bo   =   (BusinessObject)xbf.getBean("bo");
                bo.doSomething();
                bo.doAnotherThing();
        }
}

6   建立一个拦截器类invoke是MethodInterceptor必须实现的方法,表示拦截时的动作,大家仔细体会代码中的含义
import   org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import   org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
import   org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import   org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;


public   class   MyInterceptor   implements   MethodInterceptor   {
        private   String   before,   after;
        public   void   setAfter(String   after)   {
                this.after   =   after;
        }
        public   void   setBefore(String   before)   {
                this.before   =   before;
        }
        public   Object   invoke(MethodInvocation   invocation)   throws   Throwable   {
                Log   log   =   LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
                log.info(before);
                Object   rval   =   invocation.proceed();
                log.info(after);
                return   rval;
        }
}import   org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import   org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
import   org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import   org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;


public   class   MyInterceptor   implements   MethodInterceptor   {
        private   String   before,   after;
        public   void   setAfter(String   after)   {
                this.after   =   after;
        }
        public   void   setBefore(String   before)   {
                this.before   =   before;
        }
        public   Object   invoke(MethodInvocation   invocation)   throws   Throwable   {
                Log   log   =   LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
                log.info(before);
                Object   rval   =   invocation.proceed();
                log.info(after);
                return   rval;
        }
}

7  建立配置文件组织上面的类之间的关系,AOP有切入点和增强这两个重要的概念,把两个概念结合到一起,就是一个在某个方法执行的时候附加执行,切入点表示在哪里附加,增强表示附加什么,配置文件中的myPointcut表示切入点,myInterceptor表示增强的内容,myAdvisor表示增强器,即两者的结合,在bo这个bean中,我们把这个增强器附加到了bo这个bean上。

<?xml   version="1.0"   encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE   beans   PUBLIC   "-//SPRING//DTD   BEAN//EN"   "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
        <bean   id="businessObjectImpl"   class="BusinessObjectImpl">
                <property   name="words">
                        <value>正在执行业务方法</value>
                </property>
        </bean>
        <bean   id="myInterceptor"   class="MyInterceptor">
                <property   name="before">
                        <value>执行业务方法前</value>
                </property>
                <property   name="after">
                        <value>执行业务方法后</value>
                </property>
        </bean>
        <bean   id="myPointcut"   class="org.springframework.aop.support.JdkRegexpMethodPointcut">
        <property   name="patterns">
                <list>
                        <value>BusinessObject.doSomething</value>
                </list>
        </property>
        </bean>
        <bean   id="myAdvisor"   class="org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor">
            <property   name="pointcut"   ref="myPointcut"/>
            <property   name="advice"   ref="myInterceptor"/>
        </bean>
        <bean   id="bo"   class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
                <property   name="target">
                        <ref   local="businessObjectImpl"/>
                </property>
                <property   name="proxyInterfaces">
                        <value>BusinessObject</value>
                </property>
                <property   name="interceptorNames">
                        <list>
                                <value>myInterceptor</value>
                                <value>myAdvisor</value>
                        </list>
                </property>
        </bean>
</beans><?xml   version="1.0"   encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE   beans   PUBLIC   "-//SPRING//DTD   BEAN//EN"   "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
        <bean   id="businessObjectImpl"   class="BusinessObjectImpl">
                <property   name="words">
                        <value>正在执行业务方法</value>
                </property>
        </bean>
        <bean   id="myInterceptor"   class="MyInterceptor">
                <property   name="before">
                        <value>执行业务方法前</value>
                </property>
                <property   name="after">
                        <value>执行业务方法后</value>
                </property>
        </bean>
        <bean   id="myPointcut"   class="org.springframework.aop.support.JdkRegexpMethodPointcut">
        <property   name="patterns">
                <list>
                        <value>BusinessObject.doSomething</value>
                </list>
        </property>
        </bean>
        <bean   id="myAdvisor"   class="org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor">
            <property   name="pointcut"   ref="myPointcut"/>
            <property   name="advice"   ref="myInterceptor"/>
        </bean>
        <bean   id="bo"   class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
                <property   name="target">
                        <ref   local="businessObjectImpl"/>
                </property>
                <property   name="proxyInterfaces">
                        <value>BusinessObject</value>
                </property>
                <property   name="interceptorNames">
                        <list>
                                <value>myInterceptor</value>
                                <value>myAdvisor</value>
                        </list>
                </property>
        </bean>
</beans>


8   运行Main类,观察控制台输出结果,重新审查代码,反思为什么会出现这种结果。