Python学习笔记55 爬虫（隐藏）

来源：互联网发布：博弈树算法c源码编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/05 19:32

1.为了隐藏访问方式，可以通过两种方式：

方法一：直接设置一个字典，作为参数传给request，通过修改Request的headers参数修改head = {}head['User-Agent'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36'req = urllib.request.Request(url,data,head)

#方法二：在request生成之后通过add header()方法修改req = urllib.request.Request(url,data)req.add_header('User-Agent','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36')

2.为了更好的隐藏，可以使用延时或者代理

1.延时访问：

import urllib.requestimport urllib.parseimport jsonimport timewhile True:    content = input ('请输入需要翻译的内容(输入"q!"退出程序)：')    if(content == 'q'):        break    url = 'http://fanyi.youdao.com/translate?smartresult=dict&smartresult=rule&smartresult=ugc&sessionFrom=dict2.top'    data = {}    data['type'] = 'AUTO'    data['i'] = content    data['doctype'] = 'json'    data['xmlVersion ']= '1.8'    data['keyfrom'] = 'fanyi.web'    data['ue'] = 'UTF-8'    data['action'] = 'FY_BY_CLICKBUTTON'    data['typoResult'] = 'true'    data = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode('utf-8')    '''    #隐藏是Python程序访问的两种方法    方法一：直接设置一个字典，作为参数传给request，通过修改Request的headers参数修改    head = {}    head['User-Agent'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36'    req = urllib.request.Request(url,data,head)    '''    #方法二：在request生成之后通过add header()方法修改    req = urllib.request.Request(url,data)    req.add_header('User-Agent','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36')    response = urllib.request.urlopen(req)    html = response.read().decode('utf-8')    target = json.loads(html)    target = target['translateResult'][0][0]['tgt']    print("翻译结果：%s" % target)    time.sleep(5)

2.代理

import urllib.requestimport randomurl = 'http://www.whatismyip.com.tw'#找个代理Ip的网站 查找一些免费IPiplist =  ['171.13.37.210:808','192.129.229.223:9001','61.237.131.59:80','222.94.144.86:808']proxy_support = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({'http':random.choice(iplist)})opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy_support)opener.add_headers = [('User-Agent:','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36')]urllib.request.install_opener(opener)response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)html = response.read().decode('utf-8')print(html)

测试结果：有时可以，有时不行，正常

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