《UNIX环境高级编程》开发环境配置：apue.h头文件

《UNIX环境高级编程》一书中有不少的代码，在学习的过程中需要自己来实际编写这些代码，调试运行。作者在代码头文件中引用了#include "apue.h"，其中包含了常用的头文件以及一些自定义函数，我们自己要能够完成其配置，本文的试验机器为ubuntu16.04。

1， 首先在http://www.apuebook.com/ 下载其source code : src.3e.tar.gz 

2,   解压tar -xvf src.3e.tar.gz 

3， 进入apue.3e，

$ > cd apue.3e

$ >  make

4， 这时候可能会报错，找不到-lbsd，解决办法：

$>sudo apt-get install libbsd-dev

5，再次make， 然后把include/apue.h 复制到/usr/include/文件夹下，lib/libapue.a 复制到/usr/local/lib/目录下

sudo cp include/apue.h /usr/include/

sudp cp lib/libapue.a /usr/local/lib

6,  使用gcc编译，以全书第一个例子为例：

7， 或者采用另外一种方法， 或者把apue.3e/lib/error.c文件复制到/usr/include/下面，然后修改apue.h文件。

然后在最后面加上一行(至少应该在MAX_LINE后面)，#include "error.c"

/* * Our own header, to be included before all standard system headers. */#ifndef_APUE_H#define_APUE_H#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L#if defined(SOLARIS)/* Solaris 10 */#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600#else#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 700#endif#include <sys/types.h>/* some systems still require this */#include <sys/stat.h>#include <sys/termios.h>/* for winsize */#if defined(MACOS) || !defined(TIOCGWINSZ)#include <sys/ioctl.h>#endif#include <stdio.h>/* for convenience */#include <stdlib.h>/* for convenience */#include <stddef.h>/* for offsetof */#include <string.h>/* for convenience */#include <unistd.h>/* for convenience */#include <signal.h>/* for SIG_ERR */#defineMAXLINE4096/* max line length *//*** * for 《Unix环境高级编程》 */#include "error.c"   /* * Default file access permissions for new files. */#defineFILE_MODE(S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)/* * Default permissions for new directories. */#defineDIR_MODE(FILE_MODE | S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)typedefvoidSigfunc(int);/* for signal handlers */#definemin(a,b)((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))#definemax(a,b)((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))/* * Prototypes for our own functions. */char*path_alloc(size_t *);/* {Prog pathalloc} */long open_max(void);/* {Prog openmax} */int set_cloexec(int);/* {Prog setfd} */void clr_fl(int, int);void set_fl(int, int);/* {Prog setfl} */void pr_exit(int);/* {Prog prexit} */void pr_mask(const char *);/* {Prog prmask} */Sigfunc*signal_intr(int, Sigfunc *);/* {Prog signal_intr_function} */void daemonize(const char *);/* {Prog daemoninit} */void sleep_us(unsigned int);/* {Ex sleepus} */ssize_t readn(int, void *, size_t);/* {Prog readn_writen} */ssize_t writen(int, const void *, size_t);/* {Prog readn_writen} */int fd_pipe(int *);/* {Prog sock_fdpipe} */int recv_fd(int, ssize_t (*func)(int,         const void *, size_t));/* {Prog recvfd_sockets} */int send_fd(int, int);/* {Prog sendfd_sockets} */int send_err(int, int,          const char *);/* {Prog senderr} */int serv_listen(const char *);/* {Prog servlisten_sockets} */int serv_accept(int, uid_t *);/* {Prog servaccept_sockets} */int cli_conn(const char *);/* {Prog cliconn_sockets} */int buf_args(char *, int (*func)(int,          char **));/* {Prog bufargs} */int tty_cbreak(int);/* {Prog raw} */int tty_raw(int);/* {Prog raw} */int tty_reset(int);/* {Prog raw} */void tty_atexit(void);/* {Prog raw} */struct termios*tty_termios(void);/* {Prog raw} */int ptym_open(char *, int);/* {Prog ptyopen} */int ptys_open(char *);/* {Prog ptyopen} */#ifdefTIOCGWINSZpid_t pty_fork(int *, char *, int, const struct termios *,          const struct winsize *);/* {Prog ptyfork} */#endifintlock_reg(int, int, int, off_t, int, off_t); /* {Prog lockreg} */#defineread_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))#definereadw_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))#definewrite_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))#definewritew_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))#defineun_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_UNLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))pid_tlock_test(int, int, off_t, int, off_t);/* {Prog locktest} */#defineis_read_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \(lock_test((fd), F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)#defineis_write_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \(lock_test((fd), F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)voiderr_msg(const char *, ...);/* {App misc_source} */voiderr_dump(const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));voiderr_quit(const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));voiderr_cont(int, const char *, ...);voiderr_exit(int, const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));voiderr_ret(const char *, ...);voiderr_sys(const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));voidlog_msg(const char *, ...);/* {App misc_source} */voidlog_open(const char *, int, int);voidlog_quit(const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));voidlog_ret(const char *, ...);voidlog_sys(const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));voidlog_exit(int, const char *, ...) __attribute__((noreturn));voidTELL_WAIT(void);/* parent/child from {Sec race_conditions} */voidTELL_PARENT(pid_t);voidTELL_CHILD(pid_t);voidWAIT_PARENT(void);voidWAIT_CHILD(void);#endif/* _APUE_H */