基于Hibernate和Struts2的用户管理系统小案例

一、

用户管理系统，使用Hibernate向数据库表中添加一个用户，将所有的用户信息查出来并显示在页面上。

所需工具：MyEclipse、MySql数据库

二、

1.数据库建表

新建一个数据库javaweb，并在该数据库下创建一个表USER并存入几条数据

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;CREATE TABLE `user` (  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  `username` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,  `password` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,  `realname` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,  `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,  `sex` varchar(2) DEFAULT NULL,  `address` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('1', '张三', '1111', '张三', '18', '男', '山东省');INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('2', 'anna', '2017', 'anna', '19', '女', '美国');

2.环境配置

①直接向lib下导入所需的jar包②用myeclipse自带的jar包

在这里我使用了第二种方法：

配置Hibernate：在项目上点击右键-->MyEclipse-->Add Hibernate Capabilities...默认到最后一步配置MySql.配置好Hibernate，会自动生成hibernate.cfg.xml和HibernateSessionFactory文件，在src下新建common包将HibernateSessionFactory文件放到里面。

配置Struts2：在项目上点击右键-->MyEclipse-->Add Struts Capabilities..-->选择Struts2最高版本，URL Pattern选择/*-->Finish

3.将mysql驱动jar包放到lib文件夹下

4.实体类User（对应数据表的USER）

在src目录下新建entity包，并创建Hibernate的POJO类User（普通的Java类作为持久化对象）

public class User {// 用户编号.private int id;// 用户名.private String username;// 密码.private String password;// 真实姓名.private String realname;// 年龄.private int age;// 性别.private String sex;// 地址.private String address;//属性的getter和setter方法省略。。。}

5.编写User类的Hibernate映射文件，将对象与数据库中的表建立联系

Hibernate映射文件是要告诉Hibernate持久化类和数据库表的映射信息。

在entity中创建User.hbm.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN""http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><!-- Generated 2017-5-9 16:12:22 by Hibernate Tools 3.5.0.Final --><hibernate-mapping><!-- class中name：实体类名称， table：数据库表名， catalog:数据库名称. --><class name="entity.User" table="USER" catalog="javaweb"><id name="id" type="int"><column name="ID" /><generator class="native" /> <!-- 设置id为主键，自增. --></id><property name="username" type="java.lang.String"><column name="USERNAME" /></property><property name="password" type="java.lang.String"><column name="PASSWORD" /></property><property name="realname" type="java.lang.String"><column name="REALNAME" /></property><property name="age" type="int"><column name="AGE" /></property><property name="sex" type="java.lang.String"><column name="SEX" /></property><property name="address" type="java.lang.String"><column name="ADDRESS" /></property></class></hibernate-mapping>

6.编写Hibernate配置文件

Hibernate配置文件是告诉Hibernate连接的数据库的相关信息，数据库配置内容定义在hibernate.cfg.xml中。

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN""http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-configuration><session-factory><!-- 配置数据库连接. --><property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property><property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javaweb</property><property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property><property name="hibernate.connection.password">123456</property><property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property><!-- 配置映射文件. --><mapping resource="entity/User.hbm.xml" /></session-factory></hibernate-configuration>

7.HibernateSessionFactory类可以由MyEclipse自动生成

在该类中读取hibernae.cfg.xml配置文件。

代码如下

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;/** * Configures and provides access to Hibernate sessions, tied to the * current thread of execution.  Follows the Thread Local Session * pattern, see {@link http://hibernate.org/42.html }. */public class HibernateSessionFactory {    /**      * Location of hibernate.cfg.xml file.     * Location should be on the classpath as Hibernate uses       * #resourceAsStream style lookup for its configuration file.      * The default classpath location of the hibernate config file is      * in the default package. Use #setConfigFile() to update      * the location of the configuration file for the current session.        */private static final ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>();    private static org.hibernate.SessionFactory sessionFactory;    private static Configuration configuration = new Configuration();    private static ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry; static {    try {configuration.configure();serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);} catch (Exception e) {System.err.println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%");e.printStackTrace();}    }    private HibernateSessionFactory() {    }/**     * Returns the ThreadLocal Session instance.  Lazy initialize     * the <code>SessionFactory</code> if needed.     *     *  @return Session     *  @throws HibernateException     */    public static Session getSession() throws HibernateException {        Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get();if (session == null || !session.isOpen()) {if (sessionFactory == null) {rebuildSessionFactory();}session = (sessionFactory != null) ? sessionFactory.openSession(): null;threadLocal.set(session);}        return session;    }/**     *  Rebuild hibernate session factory     *     */public static void rebuildSessionFactory() {try {configuration.configure();serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);} catch (Exception e) {System.err.println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%");e.printStackTrace();}}/**     *  Close the single hibernate session instance.     *     *  @throws HibernateException     */    public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {        Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get();        threadLocal.set(null);        if (session != null) {            session.close();        }    }/**     *  return session factory     *     */public static org.hibernate.SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {return sessionFactory;}/**     *  return hibernate configuration     *     */public static Configuration getConfiguration() {return configuration;}}

8.编写数据库操作Dao类

在src目录下新建一个包dao，创建UserDao类

import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.hibernate.Session;import com.zrx.common.HibernateSessionFactory;import com.zrx.entity.User;public class UserDao {//保存用户.public int saveUser(User user) {int num = 0;Session session = null;//由于Hibernate版本的差异，不能直接写Transaction transaction = null;要指定为org.hibernate.Transaction.org.hibernate.Transaction transaction = null;try {session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();//获取session对象.transaction = session.beginTransaction();//开启事务.num = Integer.parseInt(session.save(user).toString());//保存数据.transaction.commit();//提交事务.} catch (Exception e) {num = 0;e.printStackTrace();} finally {HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();//关闭session.}return num;}//查询全部的用户信息.@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public List<User> getUsers() {List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();try {Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();//获得session对象.//创建查询语句，字符串中的User必须与entity中的User实体类名称相同.users = session.createQuery("from User order by id").list();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();}return users;}}

9.业务控制Action类

在src下新建包action，在包下创建类UserAction

import java.util.List;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;import com.zrx.dao.UserDao;import com.zrx.entity.User;public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;private User user;UserDao userDao = new UserDao();private List<User> userList;//保存用户.public String execute() {userDao.saveUser(user);return SUCCESS;}//获取用户.public String getUsers() {userList = userDao.getUsers();return "list";}public User getUser() {return user;}public void setUser(User user) {this.user = user;}public List<User> getUserList() {return userList;}}

10.struts.xml中配置Action

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd"><struts><package name="user" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"><action name="user" class="action.UserAction"><result type="redirectAction"><param name="namespace">/</param><param name="actionName">user</param><param name="method">getUsers</param></result><result name="list">/index.jsp</result></action></package></struts>

11.用户添加界面register.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>用户添加</title></head><body><s:form action="user" namespace="/" method="post"><s:textfield name="user.username" label="用户名" size="20"></s:textfield><s:password name="user.password" label="密码" size="20"></s:password><s:textfield name="user.realname" label="真实姓名" size="20"></s:textfield><s:textfield name="user.age" label="年龄" size="20"></s:textfield><s:radio list="#{'男':'男','女':'女' }" label="性别" value="'男'" name="user.sex"></s:radio><s:textfield name="user.address" label="通讯地址" size="20"></s:textfield><s:submit value="用户添加"></s:submit></s:form></body></html>

12.用户显示界面index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>用户显示</title></head><body><table><tr bgcolor="#E7E7E7"><td height="24" colspan="6"> 用户列表 </td></tr><tr align="center" bgcolor="#FAFAF1" height="22"><td width="28%">用户名</td><td width="10%">密码</td><td width="20%">真实姓名</td><td width="8%">年龄</td><td width="6%">性别</td><td width="8%">通讯地址</td></tr><s:iterator value="userList" var="user"><tr><td><s:property value="#user.username" /></td><td><s:property value="#user.password" /></td><td><s:property value="#user.realname" /></td><td><s:property value="#user.age" /></td><td><s:property value="#user.sex" /></td><td><s:property value="#user.address" /></td></tr></s:iterator></table></body></html>