配置hbm的hibernate小demo（入门级小案例ajax+struts2.0+hibernate3.0）

最近准备换工作，所以复习了下hibernate，因为面试的时候问hbm配置问的比较多，所以没有采用注解，此小demo是加深hibernate配置的，采用的是ajax+struts2+hibernate3实现的一个批量查询小demo，用于加深理解hibernate基础。

一、引入相关jar。

二、配置web.xml，引用struts2.0。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">    <filter>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>    </filter>    <filter-mapping>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    </filter-mapping>    <display-name></display-name>  <welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>author.html</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list></web-app>

三、配置hibernate.cfg.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN""http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-configuration>    <!--1 首先配置管理连接池对象 SessionFactory-->    <session-factory>        <!--2 配置JDBC基本连接参数-->        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myssh</property>        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">1234</property>        <!-- 3 必须配置hibernate中数据库 方言 -->        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>        <!-- 4 由Hibernate生成SQL语句，在控制台输出hibernate生成SQL -->        <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>        <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property> <!-- 将语句格式化为多行 -->        <!-- 5 自动建表 -->        <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>        <property name="hibernate.connection.autocommit">true</property>        <!-- 加载配置文件 -->        <mapping resource="xk/entity/Author.hbm.xml" />        <mapping resource="xk/entity/Article.hbm.xml" />    </session-factory></hibernate-configuration>

四、配置log4j.properties。

### direct log messages to stdout ###log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderlog4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.errlog4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### direct messages to file mylog.log ###log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppenderlog4j.appender.file.File=d\:mylog.loglog4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout , file

五、新建HibernateUtils.java。

/* * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties. * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the editor. */package xk.utils;import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;/** * * @author john */public class HibernateUtils {        private static Configuration configuration;    private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;        static{        configuration = new Configuration().configure();        sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();    }    public static Session openSession(){        return sessionFactory.openSession();    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        Session session = openSession();        session.close();    }}

六、新建两个实体类，作者和文章，是一对多的关系，并新建相对应的hbm。

/* * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties. * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the editor. */package xk.entity;/** * * @author john */public class Article {        private Integer id;    private String title;    private String content;        private Author author;    public Integer getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(Integer id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getTitle() {        return title;    }    public void setTitle(String title) {        this.title = title;    }    public String getContent() {        return content;    }    public void setContent(String content) {        this.content = content;    }    public Author getAuthor() {        return author;    }    public void setAuthor(Author author) {        this.author = author;    }    }

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping>    <class name="xk.entity.Article" table="article">        <id name="id">            <generator class="native"></generator>        </id>        <property name="title"></property>        <property name="content"></property>        <!--  多对一   -->        <many-to-one name="author" column="author_id" class="xk.entity.Author"></many-to-one>    </class></hibernate-mapping>

/* * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties. * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the editor. */package xk.entity;import java.util.HashSet;import java.util.Set;/** * * @author john */public class Author {    private Integer id;    private String name;    Set<Article> articles = new HashSet<Article>();    public Integer getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(Integer id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Set<Article> getArticles() {        return articles;    }    public void setArticles(Set<Article> articles) {        this.articles = articles;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "Author{" + "id=" + id + ", name=" + name + '}';    }}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping>    <class name="xk.entity.Author" table="author">        <id name="id">            <generator class="native"></generator>        </id>        <property name="name"></property>        <!--  一对多   -->        <set name="articles" cascade="all-delete-orphan">            <key column="author_id"></key>            <one-to-many class="xk.entity.Article"></one-to-many>        </set>    </class></hibernate-mapping>

七、新建AuthorDao.java操作数据层。

/* * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties. * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the editor. */package xk.dao;import java.util.List;import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.Transaction;import xk.entity.Author;import xk.utils.HibernateUtils;/** * * @author john */public class AuthorDao {    //查询所有的作者信息    public List<Author> findAllAuthor(){        Session session = HibernateUtils.openSession();        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();        List<Author> authors = session.createQuery("from Author").list();        tx.commit();        session.close();        return authors;    }}

八、新建AuthorAction.java。

/* * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties. * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the editor. */package xk.action;import java.util.List;import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;import net.sf.json.JSONArray;import net.sf.json.JsonConfig;import xk.dao.AuthorDao;import xk.entity.Author;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;/** * * @author john */public class AuthorAction extends ActionSupport {    @Override    public String execute() throws Exception {        //查询所有作者信息        AuthorDao authorDAO = new AuthorDao();        List<Author> authors = authorDAO.findAllAuthor();        //通过json-lib 将信息序列化 字符串        // 不想Author中articles 集合被序列化        JsonConfig jsonConfig = new JsonConfig();        jsonConfig.setExcludes(new String[]{"articles"});        JSONArray jsonArray = JSONArray.fromObject(authors, jsonConfig);// 要序列化集合        String resultString = jsonArray.toString();        //使用response 写回客户端        ServletActionContext.getResponse().setContentType("text/json;charset=utf-8");        ServletActionContext.getResponse().getWriter().print(resultString);        return NONE;    }}

九、配置strtus.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN""http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"><struts>    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" />    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">    <action name="showAuthors" class="xk.action.AuthorAction"></action>    </package></struts>

十、新建author.html。

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html>    <head>        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">        <title>Insert title here</title>        <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.8.3.js"></script>        <script type="text/javascript">            $(function() {                $("#showAuthorButton").click(function() {                    // 发起Ajax请求，去服务器端，获得所有作者的信息                    $.get("showAuthors.action", function(data) {                        // 将name 作为select 选择内容，将id 作为选项的value                        for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {                            var id = data[i].id;                            var name = data[i].name;                            $("#authorselect").append($("<option value='" + id + "'>" + name + "</option>"));                        }                    });                });            });        </script>    </head>    <body>        <input type="button" value="点击我就可以知道时下最流行的作者" id="showAuthorButton"/>        <select name="author" id="authorselect">            <option value="">请选择作者</option>        </select>    </body></html>

完！